Kwakukho abantu abaninzi enyangeni? Ngubani batyelela inyanga kabini?

Malunga indlela le ndoda phezu kwenyanga, yaye apho bonke, ngaphezu kokuba mpikiswano elishumi kusendleleni. Abaxhasi oosomajukujuku ukufika bathi esi siganeko ingxoxo isigqibo kwimpikiswano engaphandle eUnited States eSoviet Union, emva koko iinkqubo esisiseko isithuba ziye zalungiswa apha naphaya ngokubonakalayo macala omabini. Kuba abathile, umntu wokuqala enyangeni - ntsomi liphuhlise baseMerika obufihlakeleyo, kodwa kubantu abaninzi ukutyelela satellite zethu zendalo - i inyani.

prehistory

Ukuphehlelelwa yokuqala isithuba bejonge satellite yethu yasungulwa ngo-1959, iinyanga eziyi-15 nje emva nosungulo yokuqala Earth satellite ngumntu. Ixesha elide kuphela izazinzulu isithuba yiSoviet wenza ngale ndlela. Amagosa US sele uqalile umsebenzi kweli cala kuphela emva kokuba ukuqaliswa koomatshini zabo zenyanga "Ranger", la manqaku yokuqala eyathi yasungulwa ngo-1964.

Kude 70s yokuqala lo mbuzo "? Njani abantu abaninzi kwi inyanga" Ngaba akukho ngqiqweni - kuba ukuba akukho izakhono zobugcisa. Ngowe-1971, le nkqubo "Apollo" asekunene yaphuhliswa eUnited States. Ukuzalisekiswa kwaso ngempumelelo indleko berhafu American of $ 25 ezigidi. ukwanda uMongameli Kennedy ngayo ngempumelelo ekuqaleni kwenyanga ingqalelo ephambili kuzwelonke, nto leyo eya kuqinisa iwonga le United States Space kwaye bonakalisa amathuba kwezoqoqosho nakwisayensi yale karhulumente.

Ukuphunyezwa kwesicwangciso ngokubeka lomntu nenyanga senziwa emva kokuba ukuqaliswa kunye nempumelelo isithuthi sungula test "uSaturn 5". Kuye isetyenziselwe ukugqiba "Apollo 11".

Indiza lokuqala

Malunga indlela le ndoda kwi inyanga kwiphulo lokuqala omncane, ndisazi amanqaku amaphephandaba kunye neengxelo ukuba ngoJulayi 1969, lwavakala kulo lonke ihlabathi. Amagama baseMerika amathathu, amalungu abasebenzi indawo yokuqala - Neil Armstrong, M. Collins, uEdwin Aldrin. Kwezi, kuqala ukubeka unyawo kumhlaba satellite yethu Armstrong kunye Aldrin, kunye Collins wahlala orbit kwenyanga. Oosomajukujuku esele imiqondiso enyangeni sisikhumbuzo imifanekiso nabaphandi isithuba ofileyo eziqokelelwe iisampulu zomhlaba inyanga, reflectors radar efakiweyo, iiyure ezingama-21 waqala ukuthatha-off eqongeni kunye angenelelayo unit main lo moya.

Emva kweentsuku ezisibhozo abasebenza ngaphandle kwesiganeko waya ezantsi kwi wePasifiki, apho wayemise khona ethathwa liqela yohlangulo.

olunye uhambo

ukuqaliswa ngempumelelo oovulindlela isithuba yabangela matutu ngokubhekele phaya "Apollo" uhlobo iinqanawa. All in zonke, satellite zethu zendalo wathunyelwa kahlanu. Oku kunikeza a bebeba jikelele indlela abantu abaninzi abahamba phezu kwenyanga nendlela oovimba ndayichitha kwezi iindiza. Ngokutsho imithombo ezisemthethweni, abantu inyanga 26 ziye zithunyelwe, kwaye lucky elinambini ezilawulwa bachukumise ngqo kumhlaba kwenyanga.

Malunga mangaphi amaxesha abantu baye baya eNyangeni, ibe kumiselwa inkqubo "Apollo" isithuba - bonke wathumela zobuntlola-7, yaye kuphela zange baphumelele namnye kubo. Inxeba-lombutho "Apollo 13" uye wafumana ingozi ekuqaleni uhambo lwakhe, inani labasebenzi balelwa ukuba behle baye kumphezulu satellite. Ngoko ke impendulo yombuzo mangaphi amaxesha abantu baye kwi inyanga iqulethe iintlanzi encinane. "Apollo 13," moya ukuya satellite wethu, kodwa ukugaleleka kwi inyanga akenziwa.

baye njani abantu abaninzi bahamba enyangeni kabini?

nokuba ke abanye abantu ngokuphindaphindiweyo watyelela satellite lwethu? Bonke abantu labhabha ladibana inyanga, baba US abemi, nabaqhubi abanobuchule, oosomajukujuku abaye baqeqeshwa kumaziko NASA. Kwezi, kwakukho omnye kuphela usomajukujuku, owakwaziyo ukutyelela nenyanga yethu kabini. Kwacaca ukuba Yu Cernan. Ixesha lokuqala moya ukuya inyanga njengenxalenye yalila isithuba "Apollo 10". Wandula ke phezu kwibhodi esiluncedo ngumntu yenyanga, nje-15 km ukusuka kumphezulu. Okwesibini, njengoko injengele "Apollo 17" iziphekepheke, Yudzhin Sernan labhabha inyanga ngo-1972. Emva koko, kunye neqabane lakhe H. Schmitt yena prilunilsya kufutshane Taurus Mountains kunye umngxuma Littrow. Phezu kwamanzi satellite yethu Cernan ezihanjiswayo ngaphandle izihlandlo ezithathu, yaye wahlala apho iiyure 23.

Ngoko ke zingaphi abantu enyangeni? Xa iyonke, abantu elinambini zakuphatha phezu kwenyanga, anamanci mabini anesithandathu zaye endiza njengenxenye amaqembu isithuba.