Kololiwe of Germany: ubude, iiklasi uloliwe

Kololiwe of Germany zithathwa enye neenkqubo zothutho kakhulu kakuhle, kungekuphela eYurophu kodwa ehlabathini. Ngoko ke, ukuba ukuhamba koololiwe German nkqi nje kuphela, kodwa bekhululekile. Kodwa, Kakade, ngoko ukusebenza nto ibiza imali entle. Nangona abakhenkethi afundile, esebenzisa iintlobo ngeentlobo ngezaphulelo neerhafu, ingahamba kwilizwe kakhulu-mali. Ngoku siza kukuxelela indlela izithuthi kaloliwe kweli lizwe. Kwakhona uya kufunda indlela yokuya eJamani kwaye amazwe ukuze kuqeqeshwe ngendlela yokuba kwakungekho kubiza kakhulu ukuba ndingaphiwa yakho.

Germany: kololiwe

Uloliwe wokuqala kweli lizwe ivele amawaka kunyaka wesihlanu-amathathu anamakhulu asibhozo. ke Kuye kwavulwa unxibelelwano kaloliwe phakathi emizini Nuremberg kunye Fyurtsem. Kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini anesihlanu yokugubungela amawaka ezisibhozo ubude kaloliwe. Ngo-1925, bekukho eziphuculweyo iinjini umphunga, yaye ingxelo nesantya ebekwe ngololiwe German ngo-1936, okokuqala zifika iikhilomitha ezimakhulu mabini ngeyure ehlabathini. bar kakhulu eliphezulu sathathwa ngo-1988. oololiwe Ukulinga "Umzila" yabonisa amathuba iikhilomitha ezine ngeyure nganye. Ingcamango esebenzisa amandla ombane kwezothutho, kakhulu, iba i-German - Werner Siemens. Wakha kwaye ummandla uvavanyo kufuphi Berlin. Gezi kololiwe iindlela baseJamani baqalisa kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba, yaye waqhubeka emva leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi. Emva yokudibanisa zonke bakwaloliwe Germany intsimbi kwakucingwa ukuba ulawulo karhulumente othi "Deutsche Bahn". Country ezinxulumene komzila nabo ithi abe nengoma ububanzi efanayo. Oku eFransi, eSwitzerland, Poland, Czech Republic, Austria, eDenmark, Luxembourg, i-Netherlands ne Belgium. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ubude kololiwe eJamani ngumgama oziikhilomitha ezingamashumi amane anesibini amawaka. Le yesithandathu ehlabathini phantsi ubude. Umbane neekhilomitha malunga namawaka amabini.

izitishi

Ukususela izikhululo uqale naluphi na uhambo ngololiwe. Ukuba kwiilali ezincinane iidolophu, njengoko umthetho, kukho mnye kuphela isikhululo, imizi emikhulu eziliqela. Wena ngoko nangoko ukuba phambi kwakho - isikhululo engundoqo, xa ufunda igama "Hoptbanhof". Izikhululo zikaloliwe eJamani zixhotyiswe kakhulu yonke into efunekayo ukuze umhambi. Nokuba kwizikhululo ezincinane abe cafe okanye Bistro, ii-ofisi itikiti okanye iimatshini, ukubonisa ishedyuli kunye lathisi indlela ukuya emthondweni. Enoba akukho isikhululo ngaphakathi, kukho kusoloko kukho izitulo obutofotofo ngeendonga ngeglasi ezikhusela umoya. Kwizikhululo ezininzi zizixhobo abantu abakhubazekileyo kunye bekwilift. izikhululo eziphambili - le yonke mini-dolophu. Ngokungafaniyo izitishi ezincinane sisebenza ubusuku nemini, kwaye kukho cafes ezininzi kunye zokutyela kunye ekungcoliseni njengodederhu lweevenkile kwaye boutiques. Kwezinye izikhululo inethiwekhi evulekile ezifana "Lidl" evenkileni. yokugcina imithwalo kuvuliwe ezininzi kwizikhululo lizwe. Abakhenkethi zikhetha automatic, ngokuba lula yaye kungabinandleko ngakumbi.

iintlobo koololiwe

Wonke umntu kufuneka azi behamba nge Germany nokukhetha iinjongo yayo ehambisana kunye yokukhwela mali. Ngokubanzi, oololiwe isiJamani yahlulwe ngamaqela amabini amakhulu. Siza kubabiza ngokuba kaloliwe akufuphi nakude elandelayo. Kodwa zibizwa kungekudala (trunk) kunye lommandla. I yangaphambili idla ngokuba mhlophe, kwaye eyesibini - ebomvu. Kodwa ke kukho iimeko. Kodwa ke le nkqubo intsonkothile. Xa didi 'high speed uloliwe "ukuwa" Umzila Express ", kwakunye IC okanye EU. Baya ngaphakathi lizwe nakwamanye amazwe. Kwakhona kukho oololiwe ebusuku nokulala kunye ebhedini ezinokonwaba. oololiwe Regional - esiqeqesha oogxa bethu, kunye umahluko ukuba ride ngesantya ongekho ngaphantsi kwe kwekhulu km ngeyure ezingenakuphela icocekile kwaye ukhululeke ngakumbi. Suburban kudla indawo kamasipala tram. Ukutshaya akuvumelekanga koololiwe nayiphi na uhlobo. Oku kuyinyaniso kangangeminyaka eliqela.

yokuya

Ukuqeqesha ICE (saseJamani), okanye "Umzila Express", uthathwa ukuba ibe phezulu, ukufikelela iikhilomitha ezingamakhulu amathathu ngeyure. Kwakhona yenza ubuncinane inombolo yokuma. kaloliwe yayo efanayo imbumbulu yesilivere. Kodwa ke kaninzi, xa kusenziwa, nesantya uloliwe ayikho eyahlukileyo kakhulu ukusuka kwelinye esiqwini. "Umzila 'ukuba usebenzise okulungileyo ukuba woyise umgama weekhilomitha ezintlanu okanye anamakhulu mathandathu, umzekelo, ukusuka Cologne ukuya eBerlin okanye eMunich. Ngoko nje wena ugcine iyure enesiqingatha, kodwa musa ukwalathisa, kunqandwa kunye nezinye iintlobo koololiwe. Kananjalo azakubalulwa iqondo wentuthuzelo. Kukho oololiwe ezinjalo ngokuqhelekileyo emva kwemini. ixesha ezinika kungenziwa xa kuthelekiswa intshukumo kwi emotweni, kodwa kuya kuba mnandi kakhulu!

iinqwelo ICE

Apha, yonke into Bacinge kuba lula abakhweli. Class wagon kwi "Umzila Express" luboniswa inani elikhulu ya hina. Eli gumbi ibekwe ebhodini electronic ecaleni emnyango. Apho ungabona kunye nendlela enambuzelayo-high speed ngololiwe. Ngendlela, kufuneka silumke xa lihlala. Ngokufuthi yokuqamba yahlulwe ezimbini, enye enesiqingatha ingathatha indawo eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Iingcango uvale ngokuzenzekelayo. nokuma Designated. Eklasini yesibini idla ngokuba imikrozo emibini lezihlalo nesithandwa sakhe. Phakathi kwabo - kudlula. Xa iziko le moto kukho izihlalo ezimbalwa enye ecaleni kwenye. isihlalo nganye itafile. Ngaphantsi window - umngxuma ukuba laptop. Kwezinye oololiwe esebenzayo vayfay. Nengalo esitulweni unalo jack yoLungiso ukumamela irediyo. Impahla zingafakwa ezishelfini ngaphezu izihlalo, kwaye siyinxalenye yezinye ezizodwa. Ezinye iimoto babe coupe-etekisini ezintandathu. Le Ibhodi iboniswe ekugqibeleni, uloliwe ihamba ngesantya ethile. Iinqwelo zidla uphawu ulandelele jointless, ngoko ingxolo ayikho oluvakalayo.

Okunye main uloliwe

Phakathi imizi emikhulu eJamani ukuya ebizwa ngokuba "Umzila". Le yokumakisha uloliwe rhoqo ukuzila. Ayisekho ekhangeleka "isithuba" njengoko "Umzila Express". Iindawo amavila kakhulu. Kakhulu kuba neetafile kunye neziseko. Ngamanye amaxesha uloliwe umi-coupe ezilishumi amabini. Ukuba ukuqhuba ngathi kungekudala kwamanye amazwe, kuya kuba CE lokumakishela. Uyakwazi ukulibona abakhweli bazise koonogada iimpahla zabo kufutshane neendawo. Kulisiko waseJamani. Simahla indawo kuphela isicelo abanye abakhweli. Enye yeemoto - oku yokutyela. Yahlulahlulwe yaba iinxalenye ezimbini. Eyokuqala kuzo - ngesibonda kunye neetafile aphezulu - unako ukonwabela iti, ikofu okanye utywala. Kwaye okwesibini yokutyela ngokwenene Shicilela, menu kunye nezixhobo ezintle kwi yetafula. oololiwe Night zibizwa ngokuba "SitiNaytLayn". Kukho gumbi kunye elukhukweni-kwiindawo apho kukhutshwa nelineni. Ke idla megacities. Ukuba ezi oololiwe lihamba phakathi ngoonobumba yaseYurophu kunye imizi emikhulu, ukuba kuthiwe "EvroNayt".

zothutho ngololiwe Regional kunye ipoma

Xa olu hlobo oololiwe nje kuphela umgca karhulumente kodwa abucala. Ngokuqhelekileyo baya kumgama oziikhilomitha ikhulu okanye ezimakhulu mabini. oololiwe express Regional iyama kwizixeko ezikhulu. kololiwe German babe iintlobo ezikhethekileyo olu hlobo koololiwe asingabo iindlela ezithile. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba oololiwe express inter-lwengingqi. Kukho oololiwe ezenza izingxi rhoqo. Bebizwa nje yengingqi. isithuthi efanayo suburban okungena inkqubo kaloliwe - lo "S-Bahn" okanye "Stadt-ban". Ezi oololiwe ngokuqhelekileyo kudlula izixeko ezikhulu kunye / okanye qhagamshela iidolophu ezikufuphi. Bayinxalenye kuthungelwano lwezothutho yasekuhlaleni. Ezi noololiwe babaleka imigudu (endaweni engaphantsi), kwaye imigca komhlaba (tram). Zinokusetyenziswa zohambo ngaphakathi esixekweni nakwiindawo ezikufutshane.

Yintoni ziintlawulo for koololiwe fast

Kololiwe of Germany kwi emehlweni zokuqala inkqubo ithikithi kakhulu edidayo. Noko ke, ukuba uyakuqonda oko, unako ukufumana inzuzo enkulu kubo. Kukho ekuthiwa rate base. Amaxabiso, ngoko ukuthetha, ukuluma. Ukuba ufuna ukuya kwi ngereyithi eyi-Berlin hlobo, umzekelo, e Dortmund, uya kuhlawula malunga namashumi alithoba euro uloliwe oqhelekileyo nokubonisa. Yaye "Umzila Express" uya kubiza nokuba ikhulu. A uhambo oluya Dresden ukusuka kwikomkhulu German liya kukudla malini isiqingatha ixabiso. Inkqubo efanayo usebenza uloliwe ebusuku. Kodwa zibiza kakhulu ngakumbi. Ukuba uhamba umgama ukusuka eBerlin eMunich imela izinga ezingundoqo kancinane ngaphezu kwekhulu elinamanci mahlanu euro, ubusuku aveze ixabiso ivuke ezimakhulu mabini okanye ezingamakhulu amathathu. Oololiwe ukudla kunokuba (kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kuyimfuneko) babhukishe indawo - i window okanye esisemgceni. Kodwa ke amaxesha amaninzi ukuthenga incwadi yokundwendwela. Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo kweendawo uyakwazi ukuhlala kuyo nayiphi izihlalo asihlali kwi iinqwelwana iklasi yesibini. Ukuba akukho izihlalo simahla, unokuba Evarandeni okanye indawo yokutyela.

izaphulelo

Noko ke, xa uzithengela amatikiti kwangaphambili, ungafumana ukuya amaxabiso asezantsi, ebizwa ngokuba yi-shparprays. Ke ungaya kwi Dortmund efanayo kunye euro mane. Ukuba kude travel hayi ngaphezulu kwe amabini, anamanci mahlanu khilomitha, ngoko unga zama ukuba bathenge amatikiti 25 no-19 kombi Nangona kunjalo, inani labo lincinane, kwaye ukubamba kubo, kufuneka sibe isabelo esifanelekileyo luck. Kwezinye koololiwe, ukunqumla lonke ilizwe, unako ukuthenga itikiti kwi isaphulelo euro mabini anethoba. Kodwa ukubuyela iya kuba phantse akunakwenzeka, ukuba uhambo ayiyi kuphumelela. Ufuna ukuba zihambe eJamani yintuthuzelo, kodwa hayi kwi eqolo? Ukuze akuncede - yonke inkqubo shparprays efanayo. lokuqala-class buyo (eneneni, ukhululeke ngakumbi, uhleli kuyo ezifanayo-moya) liya kuxabisa ubuncinane euro ezimashumi mabini anesithoba, imigama emide - 39 Intengo oololiwe ebusuku ngenxa nokubhukisha kwangoko, kakhulu, ukuba bawele amaxesha amabini okanye amathathu.

amatikiti Group kwiindlela zemimandla

EJamani ngololiwe ukuhamba kubize kakhulu. Kanye kule kufuneka ukhethe i amatikiti ezikhethekileyo ngesaphulelo ukuya lothutho ngololiwe lwengingqi. Kodwa mathuba wavula ubunzima. Umzekelo, akukho itikiti umda, ne apho kukhwela kwintsimi lonke eli lizwe ukususela yethoba kusasa kwada zobusuku ngosuku olufanayo koololiwe zemimandla (ngaphandle ambulensi). Kubiza euro mane anesine umntu ngamnye. Ude igama "kwilizwe lonke ukususela ekupheleni ukuya ekupheleni." Kodwa amatikiti ezinjalo Kulungile ukuya nge - abantu abaninzi (ukuya ezintlanu), ngcono. Kuba umkhweli ngamnye owongezelelweyo uhlawulela euro ezisibhozo. Ngenxa yoko, intsapho enkulu okanye iqela labantu abahlanu unako ukuhamba kulo lonke elo lizwe emini nje euro asixhenxe anesithandathu.

amathuba ezingcono enjalo umdla isithembiso Railways Germany ngeempelaveki. itikiti Weekend inezi zinto ziyinzuzo efanayo unlimited, kodwa isebenza ukusuka ezinzulwini zobusuku ukuya ngentsimbi yesithathu ekuseni ngosuku olulandelayo. Ngaphezu koko, 40 ezinokuqengqeleka Euro umkhweli mnye, elowo ezilandelayo (ukuya ezintlanu) byi 4 Je Phela, la matikiti nje oololiwe kuphela, kodwa kwizithuthi zikawonke, kwakunye iibhasi zommandla naphi eJamani.

Isiphakamiso federal

Hayi nje lonke babe amatikiti etreyini qela. Germany yaziwa ukuba yohlulwe States Federal, yaye ngamnye kubo inkqubo yaso ngezaphulelo xa uhamba kwingingqi. Umzekelo, kwi itikiti Regional Rhineland-Palatinate iya kuxabisa zii ezingamashumi amabini anesine umntu ngamnye. Kwi nganye umkhweli ilandelayo (ukuya ezintlanu), eli xabiso liza kunyuka nge-5 kombi Okubangel 'umdla kukuba ngale ndlela unako ukukhwela nje kuphela kweli lizwe federal, kodwa kwimimandla ezikufuphi - up to Meinheim kunye Karlsruhe engasezantsi Limburg kunye Wiesbaden ukuya empumalanga nasentla eBonn - nkqu ukufikelela umda izixeko ezibini isiFrentshi. Ukuba uhlawula ukongeza itikiti nokuba ezintandathu kowethu, ufumana ithuba lokuba Wamkhwelisa Lyuksemurg. Le isaphulelo sisebenza evekini ukususela ezilithoba ukuya ezinzulwini zobusuku, yaye veki - ukusuka ezinzulwini zobusuku ukuya ngentsimbi yesithathu ekuseni elandelayo. Banduluka Nordrhein-Westfalen Amatikiti zommandla nga umnxeba kwi eHolland kunye umva. ixabiso layo - euro ezingamashumi amabini anesithandathu ukuba umkhweli lokuqala. Yaye "itikiti wohlobo" Wamkhwelisa nkqu eOstriya. Ukuhamba usuka Munich ukuya Salzburg yaye emva kakhulu ukuba ezingamashumi amabini anesine euro. Kukho kwakhona amatikiti ebusuku. Amvumela ukuba ukuhamba phakathi kummandla isenzo phakathi 18,00 no yesithandathu kusasa.

ukuba bathenge amatikiti

E eJamani, oku kunokwenziwa ngeendlela ezininzi. Unako nje ukuya osethilini kwisikhululo sikaloliwe ( "Rayzentsentrum"). Le amatikiti etreyini ophambili uwathandabuze unako ukuthenga ukusuka umlawuli (kodwa ngokwesantya ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle ngezaphulelo). In lothutho ngololiwe yommandla kubhetele ukuba wenze njalo. Ukuba ufumanisa ukuba ngaphandle itikiti, uya kuhlawuliswa kakhulu. Kwiimeko ezizodwa kakhulu, kufuneka ukuba ufumane esisebenza kunye nokwazisa ukuba akwazi ukuthenga incwadi yokundwendwela. Uyakwazi usathabatha ithuba inkqubo ugcino eziphuhlileyo intanethi eYurophu - "Doycheban" site. Kwaba kukhona ke buyanceda bathenge amatikiti izaphulelo "Shparprays". Kodwa ke kubhetele ukuba ubhalise kwinkqubo. tikiti athenga online iprintwe kwiprinta. Kwaye ungubani kuya kufuneka ukuba ubonise umhloli. Ukuba ababhaliswanga kwisistim, ukuthenga itikiti omnye umntu ngeke isebenze. Kulo mzekelo kuya kufuneka ukuba ubonise esisebenza kwaye ikhadi lebhanki letyala wayithenga ngayo.

imishini

Kodwa kukho indlela elula kwaye engambi mabazenzele kwi koololiwe German. Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka ukuba bathenge amatikiti ukusuka kumatshini kwisikhululo. Apho unako ukuthenga amatikiti at isaphulelo, nawommandla, kodwa hayi kuphela ngecredit card, njengoko ezininzi kumazwe aseYurophu, yaye imali, nto leyo edla lula abasemzini. Ukongeza, uthenga itikiti kumatshini, uhlawula i euro ezimbini okanye ezintlanu ngaphantsi kwe kwi-ofisi ibhokisi. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo - kukuba ukuqonda indlela asebenza. Kodwa ke nangoko uzive noncedo lwezo zinto. Ukongeza, ebusuku okanye xa amatikiti kwisikhululo encinane zingathengwa kuphela koomatshini. Ithambekele ezintandathu-Language. Ibhonasi kukuba uyakwazi ukufumana phandle indlela engcono kakhulu, kwaye ukhululekile ukuba uprinte kwi umatshini efanayo.

Amakhadi isaphulelo kunye zokuhamba

Ngamanye amaxesha, ingakumbi iihambo rhoqo kwaye rhoqo buyanceda kuthenga nezahlulo ezizodwa "DoycheBan". Ezi amakhadi ka-25, 50 okanye 100. Amanani abonisa ukuba ipesenti isaphulelo off ixabiso rhoqo itikiti. Umzekelo, ukuba ixabiso yohambo kowethu ezilishumi, kunye nekhadi 25 uhlawula esixhenxe enesiqingatha, kunye BahnCard 50 - ezintlanu, yaye 100 - unako ukuqhuba ngaphesheya eJamani ngaphandle itikiti. Ikhadi semthethweni kunyaka omnye kwaye baya kubhaliswa. Baya Ungasebenzisa umntu omnye kuphela - lowo ekhuphe xwebhu. Card 100 lubiza kakhulu kwaye kukho ubuncinane amawaka amane euro. Kodwa sidibanisa izaphulelo BahnCard kunye amatikiti weekend okanye akunakwenzeka yengingqi. Ukuthengwa eli khadi iyavakala, xa iindleko zizonke itikiti lakho ngaphandle isaphulelo kowethu ikhulu ambalwa iinyanga ezilishumi elinambini. Kukho kwakhona ipani-yaseYurophu Uhambo, ekuthiwa "InterRail". Wusebenzisele ukuba ahambe nje emdeni eJamani, ezibiza kancinci, kodwa ukuba uceba ukuya kwamanye amazwe, okanye baye basebenzisa kaloliwe, oko kulungele wena.