Japan: Reform Taika

Kwavela ngexesha Reform Taika karhulumente obuhle kunye neTshayina. Nge 630 of 838 e-China wathumela akwamanye ezisemthethweni 18 neentlobano ezisemthethweni kunye norhulumente Bohai. Ngowe-752, xa kuvulwa umcimbi ingxilimbela (16 m ubude) metal Buddha umfanekiso eJapan kwafika amagosa China ne India. Noko ke, ngokuthe ngcembe, ubuhlobo ezisemthethweni kunye China Eyisongile, kunye 838, ngaphezu kwesinye enesiqingatha kwiinkulungwane Umzi wommeli-lizwe e China ayithunyelwanga. Oku kwaba ngenxa buthathaka koBukhosi Tang phakathi kwe IX. kwaye ukuwa kwayo okwalandela. Emva kokuba ase omtsha China phantsi kwe Iingoma Dynasty eJapan wafika mission Chinese, kodwa Japanese Embassy akazange athumele impendulo. Noko ke, abafowunelwa yenkcubeko kunye norhwebo kwaqhubeka. Japan: guqula Taika ...

Ukuboleka izisekelo kwinkqubo karhulumente Chinese yayingaphelele, phantsi kwempembelelo iimeko zalapha kwezi nguqu ezahlukeneyo. Ngokukodwa, ukuba akathathanga ingcambu umgaqo ukuqeshwa ngenxa iimviwo eJapan indima ebalulekileyo ekwenzeni iindawo akazange adlale ubuchule, nemvelaphi. Yasekwa ngonyaka ka-710, i-capital Chinese-style of Nara akabanga iindonga zemveli isixeko Chinese. Nkqu inkqubo sabelwa mhlaba sele ayikhange ilandelwe kuyo yonke indawo. Ukuguqulwa komhlaba kumashishini abucala, ukunqongophala kwabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo ukwenza mali ngokwemimiselo kunye nokunikezelwa komhlaba - konke oku kuye kwakhokelela koko sele VIII. ukwabiwa komhlaba engagunyaziswanga, nakwiindawo ezikude akuzange kwenzeke konke konke.

Kodwa okokuqala emva kokuba nguqulelo Taika zinika isiqwenga ongakwazi somhlaba umlimi, ukusekwa irhafu esisigxina, ukunwenwa iindlela ezintsha ngokulinywa ukusetyenziswa kabanzi ngakumbi izixhobo zentsimbi wadala iimeko azivumi ukuba ukunyuka yomkhosi onemveliso.

Njengoko ukufumaneka komhlaba kumashishini abucala lunciphisa inani komhlaba karhulumente, kwaye ngenxa yoko kwingeniso karhulumente. Le yokugqibela bafuna ukuvala umthwalo zabo zerhafu zanda. Oku kwabangela ukuba ukwandiswa yomzabalazo yamahlwempu IX-XI eminyaka. kwakukho ngokulambisa abaninzi, amafama musa ukuhlawula irhafu, baye kwenzeka ngokuphindaphindiweyo imvukelo, yamahlwempu ngezigaba bahlaselwa nkqu kwikomkhulu. _ I abalimi nabo saya nempahla zabucala (Shoen), apho ekuqaleni umthwalo nomthengisi buthathaka. Estates wayeka kancane nje ukuhlawula irhafu, kodwa bafumana ngumsebenzi neyolawulo. Xa XI kulo. baye babe uhlobo lubalaseleyo umhlaba komhlaba.

Japan: Reform Taika