Vladimir Propp - lwemveli Russian. Iingcambu yembali sentsomi. amaqhawe Russian zobuqhawe

Vladimir Propp - nesazi-nzulu esidumileyo, umphandi ngayo iintsomi Russian. Uye ebhalwe umsebenzi elikhethekileyo philology. Abaphengululi Modern bathi kuye ngunozala thiyori kwisicatshulwa.

abazali philologist

Vladimir Propp - oyinzalelwane yase St Petersburg, wazalwa ngo-Apreli 1895. Igama lakhe real - German Voldemar. Uyise waba umlimi nempumelelo ukusuka kummandla iVolga, inzalelwane kummandla Volgograd. Ngokuqeqeshwa yona philologist, oyingcali Russian kunye German noncwadi. Waphumelela kwiYunivesithi Petrograd.

uyise Propp wamfundisa abafundi ulwimi German kwiiyunivesithi eSt Petersburg. Xa leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi, wathabatha inxaxheba ngqo kuyo, ukusebenza njengoko ehlelekile umzalwana inceba.

Esakhula

Emva kokuba October Revolution, intsapho yakowabo yafudukela ubomi okwethutyana efama. Noko ke, Vladimir Propp utyelela abazali izihlandlo nje ezimbalwa. Ngowe-1919, uyise wafa emva kokugula ixesha elide. Vladimir weza komngcwabo, waza wahlala umzuzwana wokuwusebenza umhlaba kwindawo ekude. Ngokungamfumani naye emigudwini umlimi, wathabatha umsebenzi njengomfundisi-ntsapho kwilali Wazala Karamysh, esibe kumgama ozikilometa eziyi-70 ukusuka efama. Ke kaloku isixeko Krasnoarmeysk kummandla Saratov. Kodwa kungekudala, kodwa Vladimir Propp wabuyela eLeningrad.

Ngowe-1929, intsapho Propp kaThixo bawagqogqa. Yonke impahla, umnini engundoqo ngelo xesha unina - Anna Fridrihovna ukuze myalelo sinikwe kwi Stalin kwifama nemibutho.

umsebenzi wokufundisa

Ngowe-1932, Propp uza kusebenza kwiYunivesithi eLeningrad, kwiminyaka 5 waba ngumhlohli, kwaye ngo-1938 ngunjingalwazi. Isebenza ngeli xesha kwiSebe Romance kunye zaseJamani, Philology, uncwadi lwemveli Russian kunye noncwadi. Ukususela ngowe-1963 ukuya 1964 wasebenza kwi-ofisi ye ibambela yeNtloko yeSebe. Kwakhona, phantse iminyaka emithathu awayebafundisa Kwindlela kwiSebe, izifundo zakhe zaba yimpumelelo kwiSebe ezizwe kunye uLungiselelo.

Le morphology sentsomi

Yolwimi Russian wangena njengoko yimbangi umsebenzi of Vladimir Propp. "Le morphology sentsomi" yapapashwa ngowe-1928. Kulo umbhali ihlola ngokweenkcukacha isakhiwo imisebenzi zobugqi. Oku, mhlawumbi, isifundo uthandwayo lwemveli Russian kwinkulungwane XX. Xa umsebenzi wakhe, Propp ikuxelela ibali kwi ezibandaknywayo uhlola sengqondo ngamnye kubo omnye komnye. Ukufunda intsomi, uphawula ukuba kukho ngayo iintsomi namabali constants kunye variables, jonga umsebenzi wokuqala, abadlali azalwa ephambili, ngokunjalo indlela ezilandelelana ngayo ukuba zizalisekiswe.

Oko uzama ukuthi emsebenzini wakhe Vladimir Propp? "Le morphology sentsomi" ngokucacileyo indlela izibonelelo ezingundoqo. Okokuqala, amacandelo ezisisiseko izinto rhoqo akhiwa. Baya bakhonza imisebenzi ukuze abadlali. Okwesibini, inani imisebenzi tale esokuba kangako. Okwesithathu, zonke ziba ngokulandelelana efanayo. Noko ke, loo njalo ekhoyo kuphela imisebenzi intsomi eziqwenga ezaziphila lingamele kuba khona. Okwesine, iintsomi ezi zohlobo olufanayo kubume bayo. K variables Vladimir Yakovlevich Propp ubalisa ubungakanani kunye neendlela apho imisebenzi ifezekiswe. Kwakunye neempawu zolwimi nesimbo nesimilo.

Imisebenzi ye sentsomi

Vladimir Yakovlevich Propp uthi umsebenzi sentsomi ekugqibeleni zenze kuqamba, intonga lonke uhlobo. Ahluke kuphela iinkcukacha zesakhiwo sebali. Ngenxa umzamo omkhulu Propp ichonga imisebenzi 31. Bonke bephela ezisegumbini intsomi Russian. Inkoliso yabo ibekwe ngababini, umzekelo, ukuvalwa lusoloko ngokuchaseneyo ephula wayo, ulwe - phumelela, yaye emva utshutshiso inyanzelekile ukuba ibe kukusinda wonwabile.

Kwakhona imingcele inani abalinganiswa iintsomi Russian. Basoloko mkhulu kuno 7. Ezi Propp ugqala umlinganiswa ophambili, i kwezinambuzane (antipode wayo), umthumeli, loo mbutho, nomncedisi we umlinganiswa ophambili, okweqanda kunye hero wobuxoki. Ukuqwalasela zonke ezi zinto, ekugqibeleni iqhekeza zakudala ukuba unalo igama - Russian nentsomi. Propp unyanzelisa ukuba zonke iinguqulelo sentsomi.

nentsomi

Ngowe-1946, kwi iLeningrad indlwana epapashwe enye incwadi Propp - ". Roots zembali ye sentsomi" Kuyo, yena owongeza hypothesis ezenziwe ethnographer French kade XIX-ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XX Emilem Nurri. Ngokutsho intsomi yakhe intsomi ezazixhaphakile ikhankanya umthendeleko, nto leyo phantsi umlinganiswa ophambili, ngamanye amazwi esuthwini. Umlinganiswa efanayo kwakhona isakhiwo uninzi iintsomi Russian.

Kwakhona, ezincina "iingcambu yembali sentsomi, Propp uqwalasela ixabiso imiba ngumba, ujonge imisebenzi ngokubhekiselele kumaziko ngokwezentlalo kwangaphambili, kukho zokwazisela ngayo izithethe ezininzi. Lwemveli Russian uthi umsebenzi ophambili kukuba ukhangela ukuba zithini iindaba izithethe ezichazwe tale - kwisigaba oluthile nophuhliso loluntu, okanye ezinganxulumananga kwixesha elithile nembali.

izibonelo initiations

Lo ngumzekelo nje omnye, nto leyo ekhokelela Propp - esuthwini totemic. Baba ingafikeleleki ngokupheleleyo kumabhinqa, kodwa ngexesha elifanayo iintsomi Russian loo yokuqalisa lwenzeka kunye Baba-Yaga, igqwirha endala, omnye wabalinganiswa ezimbi engundoqo lwemveli. Ngenxa yoko, isimilo ungena hypothesis ngokusekwa kwe isithethe iintsomi Russian. Baba Yaga kule meko isebenza ngokunikela njengeqhawe.

Propp ephetha ukuba iintsomi namabali Andinalo ixesha nembali ethile yelo okanye zenkcubeko. Izimbo kunye yemijikelo lwemveli rhoqo zingqubane kwaye dibanisa kunye nabanye. Oku konga kuphela iipateni ezaziwa yokuziphatha ukuze abekho namathuba amaninzi zembali.

Ubungqina ukuba tale oluvela izithethe zomlomo ukuba kudluliswe ngomlomo emlonyeni umkhuba yokwaluka, kukuba iintshukumisa misebenzi abalinganiswa twatse kwinkcubeko eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo abantu, badla amawaka eekhilomitha bayokusebenzela.

Ukongeza, njengoko ubungqina Propp ubalula data kwi ezizwe. Le inzululwazi, naye athetha ngaye ngokungqalileyo. Ibonisa indlela izithethe zomlomo, enayinikelwayo wazala unyana, ekugqibeleni wathabatha imilo kwi tale kakuhle eziqhelekileyo. Ngaloo ndlela, olusekelwe kwezi zimvo, Uyeza kwisigqibo malunga ubunye imvelaphi yazo zonke iintsomi kuzo zonke izizwe zehlabathi. Umzekelo olothusayo lobuninzi ngolu hlobo nje iintsomi iintsomi Russian.

Omnye umsebenzi obalulekileyo ukuqonda intsingiselo Propp yolwimi Russian - ". Imithendeleko Russian kwezolimo" Kulo ngodaba umbhali uphonononga leholide uninzi Slavic, amasiko kunye neenkolelo, esiza kwisigqibo sokuba phantse bonke babe nesimilo zolimo.

amaqhawe abacimi

Ngowe-1955, Propp likhuphe ngodaba osihloko sithi "Russian zobuqhawe enkulukazi." Le yophando umdla kakhulu kwaye original, Noko ke, leyo, uphuma print ixesha elide emva 1958. Uluhlu olubanzi umsebenzi umfundi sele kufumaneka kuphela ngo-2000. Lo ngomnye weyona misebenzi inkulu ngokubhekiselele lombhali. Nabagxeki bathi kuphela yenzululwazi, kodwa ixabiso yokuziphatha. Kwaba mlonyeni ngelo xesha, ngoko ke ihlala namhlanje.

"Ifilimu Russian namaqhawe" - luthelekiso iimpawu oyindumasi zaphawula ezahlukeneyo, uhlalutyo oluneenkcukacha epics. Ngenxa yoko, umbhali uza kwisigqibo sokuba isiseko le misebenzi - nomzabalazo eziqulethwe bokomoya babantu. Hlukile msebenzi ibonwe imisebenzi - zabo lobuzwe ngomoya nobutyebi zemfundo iinjongo.

Ababhali babantu imali imisebenzi oyindumasi ibalulekileyo - yokuziphatha, abantu yeqhawe. Oku kubonisa ngqo isazela eluntwini apho kuyo zadalwa. Propp onyanzela isiseko epics zikazwelonke basemzini, kodwa kuphela amabali basekhaya legends.

Enye into ebalulekileyo Epos - isihobe sakhe. Ngenxa it, kwaye imveliso umdla abaphulaphuli perceptible kunye abafundi naliphi na inqanaba lemfundo. Xa obanzi, lo amaqhawe yabantu - yinxalenye yembali yayo. Epics zimele neemvakalelo zangaphakathi abantu, ngeminqweno emihle zabo ukuba baphile ngokukhululekileyo, ngokuzimeleyo ngokonwaba.

Propp ngodaba ikuvumela wayeqhelene ngokusondeleyo imisebenzi yobuciko, ukususela kumaxesha amandulo. Zonke mathuba bikho zichaziwe ngokunabileyo.

imisebenzi emikhulu

Ukongeza koku kungasentla, phakathi imisebenzi eziphambili zoncwadi ka Vladimir Propp, abaphandi ukuchonga a ngodaba "Russian nentsomi", eyapapashwa kuphela 1984, enye amashumi enesiqingatha emva kokufa yombhali.

Kananjalo kubalulekile ukuba siqaphele ukuba umsebenzi 'lweMveli kunye Inyaniso "epapashwe kulindixesha" Science "ngo-1989, apho yakhululwa 1999th kwi Moscow epapasha indlu" ekulo. " Ngaphezu koko, wakhululwa yoshicilelo "Iingxaki comedy kunye nokuhleka. Namayeyeye Sithethe kwi intsomi." Lo msebenzi inika ucazululo olunzulu kunye ngokucokisekileyo izinto zamaqhawe Nesmeyanov kunye nokutolikwa engalindelekanga zoncwadi.

Ekupheleni kobomi

Propp Vladimir Yakovlevich (1895-1970) - i obalaseleyo Scientist-philologist, PhD, ngubani ngexesha ubomi bakhe eninzi ukwenza kwaye kuseyinto ungumphandi sikhulu onegunya kunabo ngayo iintsomi Russian. imisebenzi yakhe, kwaye monographs zibe kwiiyunivesithi, abahlalutyi zoncwadi babe njengesiseko ngokudala uphando zakho zezidanga. Vladimir Propp waphila ubomi bakhe bonke eLeningrad. Wafa e St. Petersburg xa eneminyaka engama-75 ubudala-Agasti 22, 1970. Emva kokuba abafundi abaninzi kunye nabalandeli, ezithi usamxabisa wawukhumbula impumelelo yakhe. Phakathi kwabo: Cherednikova, Shakhnovich kunye Becker.