Umbongo Nekrasov kaThixo "Tatomkhulu": analysis kunye nesishwankathelo

umbongo Nekrasov kaThixo "uTatomkhulu" yayibhalwe 1870. Kweli nqaku, senza ukuchaza isishwankathelo salo, siza kukuxelela ngembali umdla kwendalo umsebenzi. Kwakhona ukwenza uphando umbongo "Tatomkhulu" Nekrasov. Masiqalise ezinomthamo emfutshane.

Lo mbongo "Tatomkhulu" (Nekrasov): Isishwankathelo

Sasa Little kanye wabona kwi-ofisi yakhe uyise Umfanekiso a jikelele oselula wagqiba ukubuza ukuba ngubani na. Uthe ke uyise ukuba le ndoda - utatomkhulu wakhe. Kodwa iinkcukacha khange uthethe nto. Iqala umhobe Nekrasov "Tatomkhulu."

ke Sasa wabaleka waya nonina waza waqalisa ukumbuza apho lo mntu ngoku, yaye kutheni lo mfana zange ambone. Umama wakhe iinyembezi emehlweni akhe, okubuhlungu wathi kunyana wakhe, yena ngokwakhe ingqalelo xa ikhula. Kungekudala lo umkhulu lubizwa beza kutyelela intsapho lenkwenkwe. bonke wambulisa, bonwabile. Sasa wagqiba ukubuza utatomkhulu kutheni kunjalo kudala kukho endlwini apho iyunifomu yakhe. Uthe ke yena, ukuphindaphinda amazwi unina wakhe: "Xa ukhulele - ufunde."

Poem Nekrasov "Utatomkhulu" imali ngolu hlobo. Sasa ngokukhawuleza wenza abahlobo kunye ophambili, bachitha ixesha elininzi ehamba kunye. UTatomkhulu anika imbonakalo isilumko kakhulu nabanamava. Waba slim yaye eyinzwana, kunye iindevu engwevu curls ezimhlophe. Ngokwemvelo, le ndoda yayibonakala elula, akukho msebenzi wayengekho ndisoyika. Wayethetha lukhulu malunga kwilali Tarbagatai ebekwe kwenye ngaphaya Lake zamanzi. Sasa ayikwazanga kodwa ukuqonda ncam ibekwe apho, kodwa wayethembe ukufumana phandle xa ikhula.

Lo mbongo "Tatomkhulu" (Nekrasov), isishwankathelo apho achaza elinxulumene, ngokukodwa, malunga noko wenza umlinganiswa ophambili, wafika ekhaya. Utatomkhulu wam jikelele, kodwa, nangona oku, ukuba ilawulwa kakuhle ikhuba, nokuba kulinywa yonke intsimi yedwa. Ngaphandle umzuzwana wahlala ngokulula. Xa ekhaya, ehamba utatomkhulu, ukonwabela indalo, ukuchitha umzukulwana wakhe, yonke into ihamba (okt egadini, ngoko ke ikhuba, into darn kulungiswa). Kwaye ke becula iingoma, waxelela amabali ukuba unomdla kakhulu inkwenkwe eyakhulela kwintsapho elungileyo, wabethelela kuye umdla isiphelo kunye nembali yabantu Russian. Uyisemkhulu rhoqo buhlungu, ukukhumbula into. Xa Sasa wayenomdla unobangela buhlungu, yena waphendula ukuba bonke abadlulayo, bonke kakuhle. Ngapha koko, kakhulu ixesha eyahlukileyo ngoku, kulula ngoku abantu.

Ekuqaleni kweli lizwe, wabona izinto ezininzi ezibuhlungu, ngoku ezolileyo noxolo kwabonakala kuye macala onke. UTatomkhulu wayedla wenza iingoma ngabantu ezamahala, uhambo entle, nobuhle emangalisayo.

Spravno xesha, basuswe. Uyisemkhulu wayiphendula nayiphi na imibuzo Sasha wathi: ". Xa ukhula up - ufunda" Ngoko ke umfundi uvele umdla ekufundeni. Emva kwexeshana wayefunde geography, imbali. Lo mfana ubonise kwimaphu uphi Petersburg, Chita, xelela lukhulu malunga nobomi babantu Russian. Uyisemkhulu ngenxa yamanxeba elidlulileyo baqalisa ukuba ugula rhoqo. Ngoku kwakufuneka besengxakini. Wayesazi, ejonge Sasha, kungekudala inkwenkwe ufunda zeziganeko ezimbi ezenzeka kutshanje eRashiya - malunga imvukelo Decembrists. Utsho iphela umhobe Nekrasov "Tatomkhulu." Ngoku xelela ngembali indalo yayo.

Kostroma imisebenzi isisekelo

Nekrasov ngeminyaka Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-19 ezisetyenziweyo kumjikelo, eliquka yemibongo malunga bayahlelwa Decembrists: "Tatomkhulu" (ebhalwe-1870), yaye "abafazi Russian", olu sapho lwaluquka iinxalenye ezimbini: ngo-1871, igqityiwe "iNkosazana Trubetskaya ", yaye ngo-1872 -" The Nkosazana Volkonskaia ".

Isibheno ndaba uqala inokubonakala uncharacteristic wembongi Nekrasov, imkhathaze izifundo zembali. Noko ke, njengokuba uNikolay Leonidovich Stepanov wabonisa, kwaba nje isibheno utshintsho amaphepha elidlulileyo kwaye hayi ukuba ibali ngokwayo, ukuzikhunjuzwa amanani zamaqhawe kunye lilinge lokuqala revolution kwilizwe lethu.

Umfanekiso kandi mkhulu

isiseko isihloko umsebenzi ibali njani Decembrist endala weza endlwini unyana wakhe. Wakhululwa evela eSiberia ngo ngo1856, njengoko ipapashwe ngoxa Manifesto.

Ngubani uzinikele umbongo "Tatomkhulu" Nekrasov? Umatshini hero ukufumana Sergeya Grigorevicha Volkonskogo (iminyaka yobomi - 1788-1865) - Prince, owayesakuba enkulu-jikelele, odumileyo Decembrist. SG Volkonsky ihlobo ka-1857 kwafika kwiphondo Kostroma.

IRhuluneli eMoscow ngo-Agasti 1857 wathumela Andreyu Fedorovichu Voytsehu, ugxa wakhe Kostroma, umthetho okhethekileyo ukusekwa lokongamela lo mntu aya Bui County, egameni intombi yakhe. Ngeli xesha yena sele ongumhlolokazi, njengoko Dmitriy Vasilevich Molchanov, umyeni wakhe, abo bakhonza phantsi UNikolai Nikolaevich Muraviev-Amursky (irhuluneli-jikelele Eastern eSiberia phesheya) Igosa izabelo ezikhethekileyo, wafa ngo 1856. Elena Alekseeva, intombi Volkonsky, ngo-1854 unyana, owathi ogama emva uyisemkhulu wakhe Sergei. Ngenxa yoko, njengokuba lwendaba iphambili umbongo "Tatomkhulu" (Nekrasov) iye isiseko, wathabatha Nikolaem Alekseevichem Life (kuhambo Sergeya Grigorevicha Volkonskogo kwiphondo Kostroma).

Imbali umbongo "Mkhulu"

Nekrasov ngale hambo wayenokufunda umhlobo wakhe omdala - Prince M. S. Volkonskogo (iminyaka yobomi - 1832-1902), naye wayesoloko waya kuzingela ebusika evela St Petersburg. Lo mntu, unyana ka-S. G. Volkonskogo.

Enye mithombo iphambili kokudala lo mbongo kumkhonza, ethi nje Yu. V. Lebedeva, ethi "eSiberia kunye sajikwa" S. V. Maksimova, epapashwe "Amanqaku iLizwe loobawo" iphephancwadi (epapashwa Nekrasov) ngo-1868-1869.

Eyona mithombo inokuthenjwa, usebenziso, okanye ke xa usebenza ngezi mihobe mibini, waba inkcazelo abeyithabathile ezintlangeni isahlulo sesithathu yencwadi - "swigevenga karhulumente". Sasiqulethe inkcazelo eneenkcukacha zobomi eSiberia uze unxibelelanise Decembrists. Umbhali kuphela watyelela zonke ezi ndawo, kodwa etyelela Tarbagatai odumileyo. Ibali Nekrasov ngayo yayisebenza njengoko yembono okuziinkozo mbongo.

Ifuthe imingcele kwi imveliso

Isicwangciso wombongo "Tatomkhulu" (Nekrasov), umbhali kwafuneka atshintshe ngenxa imingcele. Ngoko ke, ekuqalekeni uthando kunye umlinganiswa ophambili Nekrasov ithi ukuba uTatomkhulu waya endlwini yakhe, esithi ukuba wenza uxolo yonke kwafuneka ukuba babe nomonde ebomini babo. Oko kukuthi, umntu waqonda ukuba isohlwayo ekunene, manixolelaniswe kunye nolawulo, izilima ubomi bakhe. Noko ke, eneneni, oku akunjalo. Senza oku sigqibo ngokusekelwe koko iintetho mkhulu. Ngoko wabhala la imigca ukufihla umsebenzi wakhe imingcele (kumbongo "Tatomkhulu") Nekrasov,.

Umfanekiso umlinganiswa ophambili

UTatomkhulu obuvezwa ndiyingwevu, omdala kakhulu kodwa esebenzayo, qaphela, kunye amazinyo apheleleyo, ukuma eqinileyo othobekileyo neliso. Nekrasov lihlawula ingqalelo ekhethekileyo iinwele ezingwevu ukubonisa le ndoda ixesha elide kangakanani eSiberia, njani ubomi nzima kwaba kuye enyeleni nangokubandezela ekuhluphekeni.

UTatomkhulu emehlweni ku iinyembezi ukubona uhlobo lomthonyama, njengoko eSiberia, kuba yenye - a oyingqwangangqwili, yalapha hina. Uphupha ukuba abantu umlimi ekugqibeleni ukunika inkululeko, bonke bephela - wabanumzana, abalimi - babeya kuhlala ngokuvumelana, wonke umntu uya kwanela kunye nabanye.

Siyaqhubeka ukuhlalutya umbongo "Tatomkhulu" (Nekrasov - umbhali). I Decembrist ubudala uthi: "Kuya kubakho ngabantu free!" Ukholelwa ukuba kungekudala bonke ubunzima ziya kupheza, oko kukuthi, kholwani iinguqulelo silinene, leyo lwenziwa ngexesha Alexander II, ngelo nengcinezelo serf ziya kuphela.

Ibali ngobomi eSiberia

UTatomkhulu wathi "diva ukwenza" umsebenzi kunye nentando yomntu. Ukholo lwakhe kwezi mpawu yaqinisekisa ibali malunga nendlela bezimpi eSiberia, kukho iqela elincinane labantu yokuhlala babexakekile belungisa yakhiwa, yenyuka isonka yayigqalwa uludlolo umhlaba kumantla ngqwabalala kwilali esemagqagaleni Tarbagatai. Ke kaloku kukho kwakuhlala " 'abantu abazizityebi bonwabile ezintle ubude.

Isimo kumaqela ezahlukeneyo zentlalo kubantu

Umkhulu wabiza nababhali, amagosa kunye nabanini womniniyo (oko kukuthi, self-abanomdla abantu). Beqhekeza bayahlelwa inqaba, wacaphuka umtshato wabo, iphicothwe, ophangiweyo, wanikela ngokumenywa abantu abaselula. Kodwa kwakukho kwilizwe lethu kunye nabantu abalungileyo abo baxhalatyiswa malunga bayahlelwa ilizwe kunye nabantu balo. Ke baba phakathi Decembrists kwi iNdlu Yeengwevu Square ngo-1825.

Ukulwa soyise phezu ubumnyama, ukubawa kufuneka sizathu, ukuvumelana kunye namandla emanyeneyo. intaba Enyanisweni, njengoko utatomkhulu wakhe, yaba kukuba ilizwe lethu obukhulu, umva, kunye nabantu baye sisithulu naziphi na iinzame nayo, ukuze baphile njengabantu ngaphandle kwalo ubunzima.

Kodwa ke umlinganiswa ophambili ubiza ukuba ukukhumbula ukuba kwihlabathi akukho "uloyiso ezingavakaliyo." Oko kukuthi, kungekudala emva zonke izinambuzane kunye villains kufika esiphelweni, ububi babo baya kubuyela kubo kalikhulu, yaye abantu baya sophindezelwa ngenene.

ixesha indalo umbongo

Lo mbongo wadalwa ngexesha kwanda omtsha zentlalo ezenzeka kwi 1860s ezifike 70s okuqala, kwaye kuye ezinxulumene nemisebenzi ekuthiwa-revolution populists. Nekrasov umsebenzi wakhe ukuba kukhunjuzwe abantu malunga nesenzo yobuqhawe, awayenzayo Decembrists, owathetha ekuhleni nxamnye kurhulumente, yaye ngaloo ndlela ukugxininisa ukubaluleka izimvo ekhululayo eRashiya. Ukongeza, wafuna ukutsala ingqalelo abantu ababephila ngexesha lakhe yokuba imeko yabantu Russian kutshintshile kancinci ukususela ukupheliswa serfdom. Nekrasov wabeka umbuzo kwi imfuneko yokuqhubeka ukulwela amalungelo abasebenzi, ubulungisa kwezentlalo.

Kwaye imveliso ukufaneleka enesihloko

Kulo mbongo "Tatomkhulu," ophambili lifuna ukuba uvule amehlo akhe nomzukulwana wakhe phezu kwabantu bakaThixo, ukubethelela ingcamango ukuba kuyimfuneko ukukhonza inyaniso nokulunga. intetho yakhe wadibana impendulo eliphilileyo. Sasa, bethetha utatomkhulu, uqala ukubheka ngokwahlukileyo kwihlabathi, ukucinga nzulu. Ngoku okubi uzonda kwaye baziziyatha, kakuhle ubonge kumahlwempu. Xa uyisemkhulu umzukulwane wafuna ukuba ukufundisa abemi elizayo. Ukuhambisana kunye ukufaneleka umbongo ikwayile. It hayi imisebenzi ebekwe inkokheli yona ngelo xesha, kuquka N. A. Nekrasov.

"UTatomkhulu" - umbongo ukuba sidalwe kuthathelwa ingqalelo iimfuno ukuba kubekho iincwadi ixesha. Umsebenzi Nekrasov, ngenxa yezizathu ezicacileyo, akaba nako ukuthetha esidlangalaleni malunga kwimeko, apho uTshawe wathunyelwa eSiberia. Umfutho izandi kulo mbongo ibali imvukelo Decembrists. Kodwa yonke imveliso kuhamba umgca eliqaqambileyo ingcamango eliphezulu engcwele yokukhonza zabantu.

Development of the umxholo kumsebenzi elizayo Nekrasov

Imbongi kamva wasebenza ku vangama kwisihloko Decembrist. Inyathelo lesibini ukuba ndibhenele feat kufezwa wabafazi Decembrists lowo waya eSiberia kude sisebenza nzima ngabayeni babo. Lo mbongo kwi Princess Troubetzkoy Nekrasov Volkonskaya kwaye ivakalisa ukuvelela ezi abameli zobunene intle kwisangqa, ukuze baqonde intsingiselo isizathu amaqabane abo bachaphazelekayo.

Oku iqukumbela uhlahlelo imveliso enjalo, njengoko umbongo "Utatomkhulu" (Nekrasov). Le yabhalwa awenzelwa ukuba ukudandalaziswa ngokupheleleyo isihloko, kodwa siye sazama ingqalelo zonke iinkcukacha kunokwenzeka.