Izizathu kunye neempawu zesifo seBotkin. Isifo sikaBotkin: ukuthintela, unyango

Kuza kube namhlanje, ihlabathi liyazi izigidi ezahlukahlukeneyo izifo, eninzi abantu abaye bafunda ukulwa ngempumelelo. Ewe, ebomini bethu sibhekene nezifo ezimbalwa kuphela. Esinye sezi zifo zikaBotkin. Indlela esi sifo sisasazeka ngayo, umama ngamnye kufuneka aqonde indlela yokunyanga nokukhusela ngayo. Emva koko, ukusuleleka kudla ngokuchaphazeleka ngumzimba womntwana.

Yintoni i-hepatitis?

Isibindi sisinye seziganeko ezisisiseko zabantu. Idibanisa iiprotheni kunye ne- bile acids, ithatha ukuqokelela nokubola kwe-glucose. Umsebenzi oyintloko wesibindi kuluhlu lwezinto zonke ezingenayo. Enyanisweni, ukuba isibindi siphukile, umzimba wonke uphela.

Izizathu zesifo salo lunga zininzi:

1. Izifo (i-hepatitis A, B, C, E, D).
2. Isifo sikashukela.
3. Ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide leziyobisi kunye namanye amayeza.
4. Ukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala.
5. Heredity.
6. Ecology.
7. Indlela yokuphila kunye neemeko ezingamkelekanga zokusebenza.

Phakathi kwezifo zesibindi:

1. I-hepatitis e-Viral (A, B, C, njl). Ifomu nganye ineempawu zayo zophuhliso, iindlela zonyango kunye nemiphumo. Zonke iintlobo ze-virus ye-virus ye-viral hepatitis zithunyelwa ngo-contact-house house, nge-sperm, kunye nakumama ukuya kumntwana.
2. Inetyhefu ye-hepatitis yindlela yokusabela ngayo ukuthatha amayeza.
3. Utywala obunxilisayo lubonakala ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala.

Yonke i-hepatitis, ngaphandle kwefomu C, iyaphathwa. I-Hepatitis C i-cirrhosis yesibindi. Akukho nkunkuma yeli gciwane. Esi sifo sihlala siphela kwisiphumo esibulalayo.

I-Hepatitis A

Okanye njengoko kuthiwa - isifo sikaBotkin (ngokuhlonipha ugqirha osifumene nesifo) - isifo esiyingozi se-viral esichaphazela kakhulu isibindi. Inkqubo yokutya, yokugaya kunye neentso nazo zihlupheke.

Esi sifo singabizwa ngokuba yi-bhubhane, ukuqubuka kwayo okuqhelekileyo kumazwe ase-Afrika, e-Asia, eMzantsi Melika.

Ipesenti enkulu yezigulane ezine-hepatitis A ngabantwana, abaselula kunye nabadala. Iimpawu eziphambili zesifo seBotkin ziyi-icteric, i-headaches, isifo sohudo. I-hepatitis A yinto ephilisa. Kwanele ukuqhagamshelana nesibhedlele ngoncedo ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Kukho, kunjalo, nokufa - 0,1 - 0,3%.

Izizathu zesifo

Intsholongwane ebangela ukuba i-hepatitis A ikhuseleke kakhulu kwimeko yangaphandle. Ingaba igobolondo enganyangekiyo ye-asidi, ngenxa yoko umqobo wokukhusela wesisu awuyibi kuye. Kwixesha elide, ibhakteria ye-hepatitis iyaqhubeka emanzini. Ngoko ke, imbangela eyintloko yeengcipheko yimiba engcolileyo yamanzi okusela. Isifo sikaBotkin sisasazwa ngendoda yoqhagamshelwano, ngezinye izihlandlo ezihamba ngomoya, nangenxa yegazi. Intsholongwane ikwazi ukuthwala izimpukane. Iibhaktheriya, ukungena emzimbeni, zixhamla emathunjini kwigazi, emva koko zithwele kuwo wonke umzimba kwaye zichaphazele isibindi.

Ixesha lokuxubusha livela kwiintsuku ezili-10 ukuya kwi-40, emva koko iimpawu zokuqala zesifo ziqala. Emva kokuba unesifo se-jaundice, umntu ufumana umlingo ozinzileyo wobomi. Abaxhasi begazi abantu abanjalo abanakubekho.

Izibonakaliso zezifo zeBotkin

I-Hepatitis A inokuvela emzimbeni ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo: ezincinci (amaninzi amatyala), i-moderation (malunga ne-30%) kunye nenzima (1-3%).

Ngokuxhomekeka kwimeko yesifo, iimpawu ziyahlukahluka. Eyona nto yile:

1. Ukwandisa izinga lokushisa lomzimba, ukunyaniseka, ukukhathala.
2. Isihlunu, ukuhlanza, ukukhungatheka.
3. Ubuhlungu besibindi. Xa kucetywayo, eli lilungu lenziwe ngokubanzi.
4. Ukulala okuphazamisekile, ukungabikho kwesidlo.
5. Kungase kubekho impumlo kunye nekhwehlo.
6. Ulusu kunye neengqumbulu zamehlo zifumana umbala obala obalaphu. Ixesha le-icteric lihlala kwiiveki ezintathu ukuya ezintandathu.
7. Umchamo uba mnyama, iifesi, ngokuchaseneyo, iyacaciswa.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, iimpawu zesifo zibonwa njengeqanda eliqhelekileyo (umkhuhlane, i-ARVI), kungekhona isifo seBotkin. Iimpawu ziba nzima, i-jaundice ivela, kwaye kuphela emva koko izigulane ziya kugqirha.

Ngokomyinge, lesi sifo sihlala malunga neentsuku ezingamashumi amane. Inkambo yesi sifo ixhomekeke kwiminyaka yobudala, ukukhusela, izifo ezihamba kunye nezindlela zokonyango.

Kunzima ukuba usulele ukunyamezela abantwana abaneminyaka elilodwa kunye nabantu abadala. Ngoko ke, wonk 'ubani kufuneka azi ukuba yiBotkin yintoni, ukuba idluliselwa njani kwaye yiziphi iimpawu. Emva koko, isifo ngokuthe rhoqo sisichaphazela intsapho yonke. Ukuxilongwa ngokukhawuleza kunokusindisa kwiifom ezintle zesifo.

Iingxaki emva kwesifo se-hepatitis A

I-Hepatitis A, ngokungafani nezinye iifom zayo, iphiliswe ngokupheleleyo. Emva kwonyango, umsebenzi wesibindi ubuyiselwa. Abantu bafumana ukukhubazeka okuze kube nzima.

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, isifo sikaBotkin sibangela iingxaki zempilo. Iimbangela, iimpawu zeengxaki zingabandakanywa kuphela nokungathobeli imiyalelo kadokotela, ukuphulwa komsebenzi wokulala nokulala nokungondleki.

Izigulana zinokukhalaza ngokuqhubekayo intlungu, ukuhlanza ezinye iinyanga ezimbini emva kokunyanga. Okuqhelekileyo, musa ukukwesaba.

Ncitshiswe iingxaki kunye nemiphumo yesifo se-hepatitis esinokukuncedisa ngesondlo esifanelekileyo sokutya.

1. Ukutya kufuneka kudliwe kwiincinci ezincinci, kodwa rhoqo.
2. Ngexesha lokugula, umntu ulahlekelwa likhulu leivithamini, ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuzizalisa. Ekudleni kufuneka kube yimifuno, izithelo, izandi, iimveliso zobisi.
3. Akunqunywanga ukuba adle amanqatha, anetyuwa, aphume, atyuke kwaye atye ukutya.
4. Siyakwamkela "ukukhulula" iintsuku. Ngenxa yoko, iimveliso zobisi, imifuno nezithelo zilungile.
5. Iifoto zotywala ezidakayo ziya kufuneka ziwanike ixesha elithile.
6. Zonke iimveliso zokutya kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngokucophelela.

Indlela yokuphatha isifo sikaBotkin?

Okokuqala, ukuseka ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo, kufuneka uqhagamshelane nesibhedlele. Ugqirha, emva kokuhlolwa kunye nokuhanjiswa kwazo zonke iimvavanyo kunokunika uluvo kwisigulane. Ngenxa yokuba iimpawu zesifo sikaBotkin ayisoloko zibizwe, akunakwenzeka ukuthetha ngokufumaneka kwintsholongwane emzimbeni ngaphandle kokuxilongwa. Ukuphanda, kuyimfuneko: igazi (ukuhlalutya ngokubanzi kunye nokuhlaziywa kwezinto eziphilayo), umchamo kunye namafesi. Ukuba ama-antibodies of class M afunyenwe kwii-biomaterials, oku kubonisa ukuba kukho ukusuleleka kumzimba. Ama-antibodies eklasini G - ukukhuseleka kwesi sifo.

Qinisekisa indlela yokuphatha isifo sikaBotkin, iimpawu. Unyango lwezilwanyana ezincinci nolingqinelanayo zesifo lungenziwa ekhaya. Into ephambili kukuba ukulala nokulala kunye nokutya. Indima ebalulekileyo idlala ngokusela, okuyimfuneko yokunciphisa ukuxiliswa. Ulwaphulo lweendlela ezinzima ze-hepatitis A lwenziwa ngokusisigxina, kwiiyunithi ezithathelwanayo.

Ukuphucula ukusebenza kwesibindi, ukongeza kwiivithamini, amalungiselelo athile afana ne "Gepabene", "Essentiale" anokunyulwa.

Ukutya № 5 ngesifo sesibindi

Ayikho imfihlelo yokuba ukutya okufanelekileyo kunye okunempilo kukuncedisa kakhulu ukulwa nezifo kunye nezifo. Kulolu hlobo lwesifo, kukho izicwangciso zokondla okwezonyango eziphuhliswe nguMfihail Pevzner waseSoviet.

Isidlo seNombolo 5 senzelwe ngokukhethekileyo ukuphucula umsebenzi wesibindi. Ingundoqo yesondlo kukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanqatha kunye nokutya okuyingozi. Ngoko, ngexesha lokugula kufuneka ukhuphe ngaphandle:

1. Ukutshaya, amafutha, i-marinades, i-pickles kunye ne-offal.
2. Ama-pastries kunye nama-confectionery.
3. Iziqholo ezinamakha neziqholo.
4. Iziphuzo zikaKarbonate, ikhofi enamandla kunye notywala.

Vunyelwe ngu:

1. Isonka izolo, iimveliso zomgubo omile.
2. Izityalo, isobho, okusanhlamvu.
3. Imifuno, iziqhamo.
4. Iimveliso zobisi kunye nomxholo weoli ophantsi.
5. Inyama enomzimba kunye nomhluzi.
6. Iifayi, ijezi, ikhofi kunye nobisi.
7. IiVithamini.

Ukupheka kungcono kubini isibini. Zininzi izixhobo ezinokusetyenziswa zigcinwa.

Izibonakaliso zezifo zeBotkin kwiBantwana

Isifo sikaBotkin sibhekisela kwiintsholongwane ezibangelwa ngamathumbu emathunjini. Izifo ezithintekayo zingabangelwa ngokutya, amanzi, kunye nezigulane ezinegciwane.

Ixesha lokutshatyalaliswa kwimihla engama-28 iintsuku, emva koko eso sifo siqala, esinezigaba ezintathu: i-pre-jaundice, icteric kunye nexesha lokubuyiselwa. Iimpawu zexesha ngalinye - ezazo.

Kwinqanaba lokuqala lokugula umntwana uya kuba nexhala, ulahlekelwe ngumdla wakhe. Ukulala kungaphazamiseka, iqondo lokushisa lingavuka. Kukhona isicupunu, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo. Eli xesha libonakala ngokubonakala komkhuhlane kunye neempumlo.

Izibonakaliso zesifo seBotkin kubantu abadala kunye nabantwana ziqala ngokufanayo kwaye zihlala ziphosakele ngesinye isifo (umzekelo, umkhuhlane). Xa ixesha le-icteric liqala, imeko yesigulane iphucula. Nangona kunjalo, i-yellowness ibonakala kwiimpawu zobuncwane kunye nesikhumba. Kukho kunokubakho intlungu kwisibindi. Ngeli xesha, isigulane siqala ukuqonda iimpawu zesifo seBotkin ngokuchanekileyo kwaye sifune uncedo kumgqirha.

Ixesha lokubuyiselwa libonakaliswe ukukhula kweminye impawu. Imisebenzi yesibindi iyabuyiselwa, imeko yesigulane izinzile. Ngamanye amaxesha inzondo neentlungu zingaphila inyanga okanye ezimbini emva kokuphulukana.

Ukuqwalasela ukuba kunzima kangakanani ukugula kwesifo seBotkin, ukuba i-advocate causative idluliselwa kanjani - kungcono ukwenza unyango kwizibhedlele. Oku, ngokukodwa, kubhekisela kwiintsapho ezinabantwana abancinci okanye abantu abadala.

Isifo sikaBotkin nokukhulelwa

Isifo sikaBotkin sisifo esiyingozi kubaama obala. Ukuba uninzi lwabantu abaphethwe yi-hepatitis A, bafumana ubunzima obuphakathi kunye nesimo esiqhelekileyo sesifo, ngoko ke abafazi abakhulelweyo bahlala begula ngesimo esibi.

Isifo sikaBotkin ngexesha lokukhulelwa sisisusa sesibindi se-foystrophy. Usulelo luya kungena kwi-placenta kumntwana. Abantwana abazalwa ngamama osulelekileyo banamathuba amaninzi kunye neengxaki. Umfazi ofanayo unokufa ngexesha lokubeletha. Konke ngenxa yokuba isifo sithinta i-coagulability yegazi. Icandelo le-Caesarea lichasene.

Kuzo zonke izigaba zokukhulelwa, imbangela yamathambo, ukubeleka kwangaphambi kokuzalwa kunye nabantwana abangasweleli sisifo seBotkin. Iimpawu, unyango kunye nemiqondiso yesifo seBotkin kufuneka yaziwe kuwo onke amabhinqa. Amanyathelo okukhusela asemgangathweni aya kumnceda ukuba azikhusele kwimiphumo ebuhlungu yalesi sifo ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Ukuthintela i-hepatitis A

Kuzo zonke iintlobo ze-hepatitis, kulula kakhulu ukuthintela ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane ye-hepatitis A (isifo se-Botkin), esadluliselwa yindlela yomlomo. Ukwenza oku, kunele ukugcina imithetho yokucoceka komntu, kunye nokufundisa abantu malunga nesi sifo.

Izibonakaliso zesifo seBotkin zingafani, kodwa eziphambili ziyi-jaundice, ukuhlanza, iintloko kunye nehudo. Ukuba abantu bafaka isicelo ngoncedo ngexesha elifanelekileyo, kunokwenzeka ukuba inani lezigulana liza kuncitshiswa kakhulu. Emva kokuba i-hepatitis A idlulileyo ihlala ixesha elide, kwaye lonke ixesha lo mntu sele ephethe umthambo we-pathogen.

Ukuzikhusela wena kunye nabathandekayo beli gula, kufuneka ulandele imithetho elula:

1. Njalo kwaye kuyo yonke indawo kufuneka uhlambe izandla zakho ngesepha.
2. Qaphela ngokufanelekileyo ukutya. Imifuno kunye neziqhamo kufuneka zihlanjwe kuphela phantsi kwamanzi.
3. Amanzi avela kwipompo ayilungile. Ama-bacteria-pathogens awaxhatshazwa ngamanzi, kwaye abilayo uyawabulala ngemizuzu.
4. Ukutya kufuneka kuthengwe kwiivenkile ezizodwa, kungekhona kwiimakethe ezizenzekelayo.
5. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, kungcono ukufumana inoculation ngokumelene ne-hepatitis A.

Yimpilo!

"Isifo sikaBotkin, iimpawu, unyango, iingxaki" ngumxholo wonke umntu omele azifunde. Isizathu sezifo ezininzi kunye nokusuleleka kukungazi!

Xa umntu ekwaziswa, uya kuphinda ahlolisise ugqirha, ngoko kuya kuba neengxaki ezincinci. Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba iintlobo ezinzima ze-hepatitis A zingabangela umdlavuza we-cirrhosis nesifo sesibindi, nangona oku kwenzeka kakhulu kunqabile.