Izithuthuthu zeSoviet. Iikopi ze-USSR (ifoto)

Imbali yezokwakheka kwezithuthuthu zasekhaya yindawo ebalulekileyo kunye neyona nto ebalulekileyo yokuvelisa iibhasi. Izhevsk, Kiev, i-Minsk ne-Kovrov ziyaziqhayisa ngokuziintshaba ezidumiweyo kunye nokutshatyalaliswa krakra. Ekugqibeleni, yonke imveliso yeSoviet "yehashe yamahishini" yaphela ekugqibeleni.

Iibhasi zokuqala (amabini amabini kunye namavili athathu) zaziswa eRashiya ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19. Kucacile ukuba le mizekelo yomenzi welizwe langaphandle. Iingoma zasekhaya zavela ekuqaleni kweMfazwe yehlabathi ye-1. Efumaneka kumveliso yaseMoscow "iDux" kunye neentengiso ze-Riga ibhasikhi yebhayisiki evelise izithuthuthu zokukhanya zase-USSR. Uninzi lweenkcukacha zathengwa kwi-Swiss firm Moterev. Iminyaka emi-5, "iiDuks" zavelisa iithuthuthu eziyi-500 kuphela. Imveliso yeMisa ayizange iqale. Oku kwakunqandwa yimfazwe, kunye nokuqala kweenguqulelo.

Kungekudala izithuthuthu zeSoviet zafumana ithuba lesibini ebomini. Oku kwenzekayo phakathi kwee-1920s emva kokuphela kwemfazwe kunye nobunzima bokuxhamla. Iinjineli zaseMoscow, eziphethwe nguP. Lvov, zazama ukuvuselela imboni yasekhaya. Umzekelo obizwa ngokuthi "uManyano" wawuhle kakhulu, kodwa awuzange ungene kwimveliso emininzi.

Ixesha lokudibanisa

Ngowe-1928 isityalo se-Izhevsk sakhiwe i-bureau yoyilo, yonke imikhosi ejoliswe kuyo kumashishini. Intloko ye-ofisi yayiyinjini enguMoharov. Yena kunye noogxa bakhe basebenze baza bavavanya izithuthuthu ze-5 "IZH". Ngomnye wabo wema i-injini ye-cylinder engama-4 ngesigxina somsebenzi we-1200 cubic centimeters. Emva kweprojekthi enempumelelo, le shishini lahlelwa kwakhona kwi- Izhevsk Motorcycle Plant. Ngokukhawuleza waba ngumkhokeli woshishino.

Izithuthuthu zeSoviet, iifoto ezibonakalayo kwinqaku, zadalwa ngokungahambisani. Nangona kunjalo, ngelo xesha kwakuyi nkqubela ngokwenene kwimveliso yeebhasi. Ngokukodwa ukudala isithuthuthu "L-300".

Umzekelo "L-300"

Ekuqaleni yenzelwe iingcali zityalo zakwaYizhevsk, kodwa ukuveliswa kwemimandla yasungulwa kwi-Leningrad factory "U-Oktobha Olubomvu". Ibhayisikili "L-300" yaveliswa ukususela ngowe-1931 ukuya ku-1938 kwaye yayicingwa njengowomzekelo onokuthengwa kwabemi. Ngokuqinisekileyo, wayedinga ukugqibelela, kodwa oku akuzange kumthintele ukukhuphisana nezithuthuthu ezithengiswayo kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo. Abagibeli kwi "L-300" badla ngokuqhelekileyo.

Isithuthuthu sasine-injection-cylinder injini yesibini kunye ne-300 cubic centimeters. Kodwa kwindleko ye-horse-6 kuphela kuphela eyayinokwenzeka ukukhawuleza ukuya kwiikhilomitha ezingama-75 ngeyure. Iingxowa eziqhubekileyo ezenza ukuthunyelwa kweemoto zinobuhle obuphantsi kwaye zahlala zoluliwe okanye zidibene. Ukutshintshelwa kutshintshi ngesandla. Ukusetyenziswa kwepetoroli kwafikelela malunga neelitha ezingama-5.

Kungekudala umveliso wabuyela ku-Izhevsk, apho umzekelo "L-300" waqala ukuphuma phantsi kwegama elitsha "IZH-7".

Izithuthuthu zeSoviet emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II

Emva kokunqoba kwemikhosi yethu, ukuveliswa kweebhayisikili kuqhutywe kwinqanaba elitsha lophuhliso. Kwakuloo nto ke loo mveliso yamanzi "yamahashe yensimbi" yaqala. Ukongezelela, izixhobo zokukhusela izithuthuthu zeSoviet zaveliswa ngokukodwa. Iifemu ezifanayo ezenza oku ngaphambi kwemfazwe zenzeke kwimveliso. Inkokheli yelizwe lethu yanquma ukufumana amava e-Wehrmacht, asebenzisa amabhayisikili kwimigodi yemikhosi. Ukusebenza kwesi sigqibo kuboniswe ngamava emisebenzi yempi.

Ngethuba lokuhlala eJamani ezininzi iimoto ezinkulu zathathwa kanye. Phakathi kwabo kwakukho "iDKW", e-Tsshopau. Ngokuqinisekileyo wayebhekwa njengowona mkhulu kwihlabathi. Wonke amaxwebhu obugcisa kunye nezixhobo zithunyelwa kwi-USSR ngokusemthethweni ngokupheleleyo. Oku kwakuyimbuyekezo yomqhubi weRich Reich.

Ukuveliswa kwemisithuthuthu yamaSoviet kwakungeniswa ngengozi. Ngaloo ndlela, amandla anqamle iingcali zezohlukeneyo zoshishino zokukhusela ukusebenza, ngokuxhomekeka kokutshatyalaliswa emva kokuphela kwemfazwe.

Amaziko okudalwa kwempi emva kweemfazwe zaseRashiya yayiyi-Izhmash iifriji zezixhobo kunye nesityalo seKovrov. Owokuqala wenza ikopi yesithuthuthu saseJamani "DKW NZ 350" waza wabiza ngokuthi "IZH-350". U-Kovrov naye wasungula umveliso we-serial wekopi yesiJamani "DKW RT 125".

Kwiminyaka emininzi emva kokuphela kwemfazwe kuthathwa ngokuba "ngumda wegolide" wezoshishino zasekhaya. Kwiminyaka ye-50 ye-20 leminyaka, iifekthi zenza izitampu zeemoto kunye ne-mopeds. Ngokuhamba kwexesha lesimanje, abavelisi basekhaya baye bagqitha kakhulu abadlali bezinye izizwe.

Amashumi eminyaka edlulileyo kwimveliso yamashishini

Ixesha ukususela ngo-1970 ukuya ku-1990 laliyimpumelelo kakhulu, kwaye ixesha elibi kakhulu kwiimbali zoshishino lwezithuthuthu zasekhaya. Ngelo xesha, waqulunqa imodeli yeSoviet ethembekileyo ye-ISH Planet-4, isithuthuthu sokuqala esiphezulu samanzi iZH-Jupiter-5, ibhayisiki ehamba phambili yokulungisa iDnepr MT-11 kunye nabanye abaninzi. Kwakhona, abaninzi banokuphila ukuze babone isimboli se-chopper ("IZH Junker").

Izithuthuthu zeSoviet zaqala ukuzenza abantu. Ngethuba elifanayo, kungekuphela nje iimpawu ezisebenzayo ezithathiweyo, kodwa kwanomdla wabemi malunga nokubonakala komzekelo. Eyona ndlela, umcimbi obalaseleyo kwihlabathi lemveliso yasemaphandleni kwakubonakala ngathi ibhayisiki ...

"IJava" eqhelekileyo

Ngokuqinisekileyo, eli bhinqa alikwazi ukuhlonyelwa i-100% kwicandelo elithi "iithuthuthu zeSoviet". Ziye zaveliswa eCzechoslovakia. Kodwa umthengi oyintloko nguSoviet Union. Into edumileyo yiyona ndlela "i-Java 350 638", eyayibizwa ngokuba yi-soloist yeqela elithi "Gaza Strip". Ngendlela, okwesibini eyaziwayo yayisisithuthuthu saseSoviet "iMinsk".

Kwiibhayisikili zegama elithi "Java" yafaka zonke ii-rocker zaseSoviet ezingama-80-90-ies. Umzekelo othi "i-Java 350 638" yayinjini injini ye-cylinder kunye nomthamo wama-cubic centimeters angama-343 kunye namandla anamahhashi angama- 26 . Oku kwavumela ukusabalalisa ibhayisikili ukuya kwiikhilomitha ezili-120 ngeyure. Ngenxa yokuba le nkcazelo, kunye nobudala obuncinci babanikazi, kulula ukuqiqa malunga nenani eliphezulu lezengozi. Abantu babiza abanikazi be-"Java" bombhilo wokuzibulala kwaye babengaqiniseki kakhulu ngeebhasiki zolu hlobo.

Isiphelo

Iikopi ze-USSR zayeka ukuvelisa ngokuwa kweSoviet Union kunye nokuphulwa kobudlelwane bezoqoqosho. Inxaxheba ethile kule nto yadlaliswa yi-hyperinflation kunye nokusasazeka kwabantu abaninzi. Kodwa, nangona kunjalo, abantu abahlala kweso sihlandlo, khumbula ngokufudumala iingxelo zasekhaya. Kwaye ezinye i-patriots zisengxamele iindlela zaseRussia kwiimoto zeSoviet ezibuyiselwe.