Iyantlukwano kuqoqosho. Iyantlukwano yoQoqosho Russian

Iyantlukwano uqoqosho ingqiqo jikelele isicwangciso eyilelwe ukunciphisa ingozi ngenxa ukongeza kwempahla, impahla okanye iinkonzo, kwakunye abathengi okanye iimarike iphothifoliyo sele kwakhiwa. Ingcinga ifumaneka ikhowudi nemimiselo amaYuda, neTalmud. Le ndlela yokubala ngasentla imele ukwahlulwa kweempahla ube zahlulo zithathu. Enye inxalenye - nto ishishini, kubandakanya ukuthengwa okanye ukuthengiswa kwempahla, inxalenye yesibini - asethi ulwelo, ezifana negolide, isahlulo sesithathu - mali ziqwalaselwa izindlu. Uhlengahlengiso ingabizwa ulwabiwo abakwaziyo nangezibonelelo themba, ukuba ukungabi ingxenye eyodwa, okwenza ingeniso, akazange kuchaphazela isimo. Le nkcazo ezilungele zombini kwinqanaba likarhulumente kwaye kutyalo mali, ulimo, nayiphi na msebenzi.

A ngenkcazelo ye nokwahlukana

ezahlukileyo zoqoqosho wohlulwe ezi nkalo zilandelayo:

• Banking. Oku kuthetha okwabiwa eyinkunzi mboleko phakathi inani elikhulu kubaxhasi. Kwezinye ithi, kukho isithintelo kwi ngokubonelela ngemali-mboleko. Eli ziko-mali unalo ilungelo lokunika mboleko ngesinye isandla, ukuba idlula 10% kwekomkhulu ebhankini.
• Investment. Ubonelela ukuba ifakwe kuluhlu lweendidi ezongezelelweyo izibambiso okanye efanayo, kodwa zahluke kwi benkampani kumacandelo okanye iinkampani.
• Production. Le ukwandiswa uluhlu lweemveliso kuphuhliso lwemveliso ezintsha kunye nokukhululwa technologies.
• Lweentlanga ezahlukeneyo uchazwa kuloyiso ezintsha iimarike, uphuhliso kumacandelo amatsha yomsebenzi.
• Agriculture. Oku kuchazwa nje ukwandiswa komsebenzi: Uphuhliso esebenzayo kunye nemfuyo, kunye nezityalo.
• YeMetro. Le ukwandiswa uluhlu lweenkonzo kunye nempahla ngaphakathi ibhizinisi. Kulo mzekelo, uluhlu imveliso kufuneka zifana ukuya nokuhlelwa okhoyo.
• Ubungozi. Le nokusetyenziswa koluhlu olubanzi lwezixhobo baziphilise. Kwinqanaba lotyalo nokuthengwa kwezabelo nje kuphela kodwa izitropu. Kwinqanaba yeshishini - uphuhliso lwemigaqo-nkqubo emitsha kwinqanaba kuqoqosho - kukuba ukuphelisa uxhomekeko kunamaxabiso entengiso ihlabathi ngenxa ngokupheleleyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabemi yomkhosi karhulumente.

A bit yomlando

rhwebo kwasekwa ngezigaba. isigaba ngasinye yophuhliso uneempawu zawo ngamnye, ingakumbi xa ucinga umgangatho obungcali kunye nokwahlukana kule nkalo iintlobo zingavisisani zolwakhiwo ushishino yemveliso. Le mbono "ezahlukileyo zoqoqosho" wabonakalaliswa njengoko udidi kwezoqoqosho zimbini 50 zenkulungwane yama-20. Ngeli xesha, ukwanela kwemveliso phantse onke amazwe Ihlabathi lonakele kakhulu ngenxa ye ukudinwa kwemithombo zasekhaya. Kwaqalisa ngenkuthalo imfazwe phakathi kwiimo kwimarike yehlabathi. Guqula imveliso kuye kwayimfuneko ngenxa bawabulala ezona zinto zifuneka kuqala ukuze ukudodobala kuphuhliso lokukhula koqoqosho kunye phantsi kwempembelelo inkqubela yenzululwazi kunye nobugcisa. Ngokuchasene nentsukaphi into yokuba ukuthengwa technology ezintsha ngexesha kwaye ukuphunyezwa imisebenzi yemveliso elikhulu-isikali iiteknoloji ezintsha baye basilela, ukohlulwa lwenzekile lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo ukuzikisa ingqondo eyinkunzi. Amashishini kunye nemibutho ukuba baye bazama akhawunti iingeniso ukwandisa ukufikelela labo nokunyusa inani imithombo yengeniso, kufuneka nje kuphela inqanaba eliphezulu ukhuphiswano, kodwa impumelelo.

Isicwangciso-qhinga kunye nendima yayo kwinqanaba ibhizinisi

Ingqondo kuphela indlela enye inxalenye abaphathi belubona kuluhlu olubanzi iinzuzo zoshishino: umbutho, ulawulo kunye qhinga. Ukuwa inzuzo phezu kweengqukuva eye esityalwe imveliso yenza kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa isicwangciso zabiwe resource. Iyantlukwano nkampani okanye iinkampani, esebenza njengesixhobo lokuphelisa ukungalingani kunye nokukotshwa-logic ulwabiwo lwezibonelelo ludlala indima ebalulekileyo umlungelelanisi kwicala ngokutsha uqoqosho ngokubanzi, ngenxa yoko phambi ezininzi iinjongo lweziko kunye neenjongo. Redistribution ihlobene ukuguqulwa eziqalelo abaluleke kakhulu lo msebenzi. Le imveliso igqityiwe, kunye noshishino kunye nemarike, kunye nendawo inkampani kwindawo ethile. Kwinkqubo macro likhula ngokukhawuleza yenza uhlobo isiseko esekhule kwinqanaba entsha ngokupheleleyo naphaya kwimarike, ngaphakathi kunye nangaphandle. Isigqibo phezu ukuba asebenzise yesu sokunabela okanye kuthatyathwa ngokusekelwe yokuqikelela elizayo. Ingcamango kunjalo inkqubo enxulumene nophuhliso esebenzayo lenkampani, ukusa kuloyiso kwiinkalo ezintsha impembelelo yayo. Ukuba inkampani iyaqhubeka ukuqokelela imali, inkqubo ngokutsha akenzi njenge njongo enkulu zeqhinga.

iyantlukwano kuqoqosho

Lweentlanga ezahlukeneyo kule inkalo uqoqosho imele ngokutsha, ejoliswe yokuhlaziywa kunye nophuhliso etyalike ezahlukahlukeneyo mveliso. ngokutsha engxamisekileyo kakhulu eRashiya, apho uphuhliso isenzo abaluleke kakhulu ngaphandle indima zontathu amacandelo:

• Military.
• Industrial.
• Energy.

Ke ukuba ukhenketho, abangakwaziyo yezolimo, imveliso kwempahla yabathengi kunye neenkonzo, le ndawo ngokwaneleyo. Ipesenti ebalulekileyo ukusetyenziswa kwempahla-ebomini kukuba ngenxa ukungalingani kwicandelo lezoqoqosho. Oku kukhokelela ekubeni eRashiya baboniswa kakhulu kozinzo ngokwalo kwamaxabiso. emali High kuchaphazela ukuyilwa amazinga enzala phezulu kwi mboleko. Ngoko ke, mortgages kunye nezinye iintlobo ngemali abantu zabucala kunye zomthetho, nje ayifumaneki kwi kwisangqa ngeendidi zabantu. Ubume lwezoqoqosho, nanto leyo namhlanje uphawu eli lizwe nto kodwa usisikhubekiso kuphuhliso. Yophuhliso lulonke karhulumente ibaluleke kakhulu ukukhuthaza uphuhliso lwamashishini engangqamenanga ngokupheleleyo, ngokukodwa izithuthi, ukhenketho, ezolimo kunye nokuveliswa kokutya.

Izinto eziluncedo ze ngokutsha

Iyantlukwano uqoqosho ineendlela ezininzi. Le esingundoqo - yinto ukuzimela ngokupheleleyo imo kwicandelo lezoqoqosho omnye komnye. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na ubunzima imarike olunye, ekuweni yonke uqoqosho urhulumente akayi kwenzeka. Bobubi zenkqubo zibandakanya imfuno ukuze bakuthathele ingqalelo iyantlukwano ezininzi phakathi kwiimarike kunye nenkonzo zabo ezithile phakathi ubuqili nomba iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kweemveliso. Ngenxa yokuba urhulumente Russian alukhange eyandisiweyo uluhlu zayo iimveliso, iintlobo hayi ezintsha iintlobo zemveliso akazange atshintshe imveliso, oko kukuthi, akazange enze yotshintsho yemveliso, namhlanje uqoqosho na ukuhla ngokupheleleyo. Unobangela ukuhla ingabizwa mali karhulumente statistical, leyo ngaphambili ithunyelwe ushishino oyile negesi nokuvelisa. Ngenxa ukuwa kwamaxabiso e-oyile, kunye nokuqaliswa kwezohlwayo yi-EU, ibhajethi eRashiya akuxhomekekanga zizizalise kwakhona umthamo okucwangcisiweyo imveliso yasekhaya ayikwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zelizwe. Yiyo loo nto kule kweli nqanaba iyantlukwano uqoqosho Russian ifuneka ngokungxamisekileyo hayi kuphela impumelelo kodwa ukuba babe nako ukusinda ntlekele. Nangona le nkqubo iyasebenza, nabaphetheyo ehlabathini ithuba enokuchaphazela lizwe ngokutshintsha amaxabiso kwimarike yehlabathi, ingakumbi ukuba amafutha.

Ngubani ekufuneka diversify uqoqosho lwayo?

iinjongo lweentlanga ezahlukeneyo zezona zona ezo amazwe, uphuhliso kunye nempumelelo zihlobene kakhulu ukuthunyelwa izimbiwa, kunye nokuthengiswa lwezixhobo zendalo. Russia - le lelinye lamazwe idinga uhlengahlengiso epheleleyo ezikhoyo zoqoqosho, ngokungqinelana model kakuhle. Amazwe afana eChile, Malaysia, Indonesia, kunye nabanye abaninzi, ukuze enze umzekelo imfaneleyo umntu uphuculo ngempumelelo. Iyafuna ukunikela ingqalelo kule migaqo-level multi ekufundeni umbuzo woko iyantluko kwezoqoqosho. Determination kukhokelela kukuba lo msebenzi kukuba kukodwa kumazwe amaninzi ehlabathini, nto leyo eye eminyaka ukuphila ngempumelelo ngenxa nezokukhupha kunye nokuthengiswa izimbiwa. Nangona iingxelo ewamela abezopolitiko ukanti abahlalutyi, xa uninzi lweemeko, yonke into uhlala kwinqanaba incoko.

umsebenzi kwixesha elizayo

Eyona iphambili inkqubo ngokutsha loqoqosho kuxhomekeke kwinto yokuba kukho uluhlu olubanzi lwemisebenzi wenziwe namhlanje, yaye iziphumo kwaphunyezwa nethuba lokuphefumla ebalulekileyo yexeshana. Ngamanye amazwi, ukohlulwa, imizekelo apho kunzima kakhulu ukufumana embalini oko enyanisweni ngenxa yomsebenzi elizayo. Isiphumo amanyathelo ngexesha lakalokunje uya zikhupha ixesha elide. Ukuthatha imali kumacandelo ahlukeneyo umsebenzi karhulumente, kuquka kwicandelo lweenkonzo kushishino lwezokhenketho, imveliso, inika inkxaso elungileyo esebenzayo nempumelelo ishishini labucala. Ezokwakha unxibelelwano phakathi mveliso, apho kuya kubakho zinto zifuneka kuqala ukuze kwakhiwe yokukhula esebenzayo ingeniso yorhwebo kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe. Oku kukhokelele imigangatho yokuphila eziphuculweyo zokunyuka kwemfuneko kunye nophuhliso iziphakamiso. Ukunyuka kurhwebo lwangaphakathi kweli lizwe ngokubambisana kunye ekomelezeni ukuhamba eziphathekayo ukukhulisa ukusebenza yoqoqosho iyonke karhulumente.

Ubuqili kuqoqosho Russian kwaye ukungxamiseka sokunabela

Development kunye imithombo emikhulu zendalo karhulumente, ingakumbi eRashiya, uye iimpawu ezizodwa. Inani eyinhloko iimeko isantya imveliso yezamandla usezantsi kakhulu ngaphezu amazinga okukhula labemi. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, izinga lokubuya ngokunxulumene ngamnye ngcembe kunciphisa. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba ushishino lwezimbiwa akanako ukunika inani elikhulu ngokwaneleyo emisebenzi. Oku konke kukhokelela nje kuphela ukuyilwa isisongelo ekuhlaleni, kodwa kube nefuthe elibi kumgangatho wobomi. Umngcipheko sentlekele yi ngenxa yokwanda kakhulu kwezinga ngqesho. Russia, ekubeni kupno kumazwe lwemithombo yendalo kwaye phantse ixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kumaxabiso kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe. Nangona ukusetyenziswa kwezivumelwano phakathi kwamazwe kumanqanaba eyamkelekileyo amaxabiso izinto zokwenza imveliso, kukho umngcipheko utshintsho ngokukhawuleza kumgaqo-nkqubo namaxabiso. Umngcipheko bugwetyelwe kule meko ezazikho ngo-2015. Ukuwa kwamaxabiso oyile ikhokele uqoqosho karhulumente Russian lehla. Ingcamango yokuba sokunabela kubandakanya ukwabiwa bolu ingeniso evela kwicandelo yorhwebo phakathi kwezinye zonke iinkalo zezinto ezenziwa karhulumente, kungenjalo sinokufumana "isifo Dutch."

Oko kuya konga Russia?

Kuba Russia, luphawulwa izixa ezikhulu gesi resource. Ingxaki ephambili nje ukuba ingeniso esuka kwishishini iya kucebisa yinxalenye ilungelo labantu. kukho iingxaki kuphuhliso urhulumente enxulumene uxhulumaniso ngqo phakathi ubungakanani bezibonelelo imveliso kunye neqondo urhwaphilizo. Inguqulelo nokungundoqo kokufumana imali enkulu - ukuba abele ingeniso evela kwicandelo amandla. Xa ukuyilwa ingxenye evelele-mali ngeendleko kweenkampani kushishino yerhafu extractive, inkokheli Russian angacingi umthwalo omkhulu neminye imisebenzi ngenxa yegalelo labo non-ibalulekile kuqoqosho. Le meko lisibeka ukungxamiseka ngokutsha. guqulo ushishino, inkuthalo, imveliso, onke amacandelo aya kuba impendulo yelizwe kwimiyalelo kwimarike yehlabathi. wezopolitiko kunye neenzame emininzi bayakwazi ukutshintsha imeko ngokupheleleyo.

kwiinkalo zobugcisa ngokutsha

Phantse zonke iintlobo guqulo namhlanje uya kuba olufanelekileyo iRashiya. Oku kungenxa yokuba izinto ezininzi:

• ERashiya, kukho ukuhla elibukhali kwi amathuba nophuhliso loshishino.
• Amathuba ukuba ukusebenza ngendlela ezahlukeneyo zamashishini, nangona kukho, kodwa ayibi.
• Amandla icandelo lemigodi ukuba ngempumelelo izakuphinda inikwe phakathi kwezinye inxalenye.
• Inani elikhulu kwezibonelelo kwicala umfula.

Umzekelo, ukuba iyantlukwano kuqoqosho lwasemaphandleni iya kwenza ukuba urhulumente va ngokuxhomekeke ubonelelo mveliso kurhwebo lwasemakhaya. Akukho nezithintelo kwizinto ezingeniswa elizweni esuka kumazwe EU akayi kuba nako angasibetha kuqoqosho. Nangona izenzo ezinamandla ejoliswe ukuphucula uqoqosho, kunye nesicwangciso esineenkcukacha kuquka, ngomzuzu abasemagunyeni asikwazi ukuthatha naziphi na izigqibo ezizizo. Uhlenga-hlengiso akunakwenzeka ngaphandle uphuhliso esebenzayo emarike lwangaphakathi kunye nokufumaneka yokuhlawula amatyala abathengi. Ukuze le nkqubo emsebenzini, ekuqaleni kuyimfuneko ekuphakamiseni umgangatho iyonke abahlala kweli lizwe: ukwanda imivuzo, izibonelelo zoluntu, ukubonelela abantu kunye nemisebenzi. Maxesha kufuneka ukuqala ngaphakathi kurhulumente, yaye hayi ngaphandle.