Ivan Fyodorov: biography of ubomi bakhe, iifoto

Le abashicileli yokuqala Incwadi eRashiya wazala igama Moskovitin. Kodwa ke inzala waziwa ngokuba Ivan Fedorov. Biography of ngale ndoda ephawulekayo ezele iziganeko zokuhamba, apho kubalulekile ukuba ukhanyise iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo. Ezi Izicatshulwa emfutshane wobomi umntu omkhulu waba isiseko indalo zeencwadi ngomxholo "Ivan Fedorov biography for kids." Biography of sale ndoda iza kuba umdla nabani na unomdla kuphuhliso loncwadi Russian, ngokuyintloko abafundi abatsha. Biography Ivan Fedorov for abantwana kufuneka ujonge iingongoma eziphambili imisebenzi yakhe abe nobudlelwane nguvulindlela. Eneneni, uphuhliso lolwimi Russian akunakwenzeka ukuba ngqondweni ngaphandle zenja. Igama umsunguli le ncwadi Russian - Ivan Fedorov.

curriculum vitae

iminyaka yobomi phayona - 1510-1583. Umhla ngqo ngokuzalwa Ivan Moskovitina ayaziwa. Igama layo akazange kwenzeka igama usapho kunye nendawo yokuzalwa. Ngelo xesha Russ wayebizwa ngokuba ubulawuli encinane, kubume belizwe sabelwa Rzeczpospolita. Indawo enkulu kumntla mihla neRashiya ngenkulungwane ye-16 zaye ayaziwa basemzini impangele.

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba eselula, uIvan wayihamba ndifunda kwiiyunivesithi zaseYurophu. BaseYurophu ukufunda wambetha Ivan Moskvitina - kungenxa yokuba ngexesha le ncwadi olushicilelweyo lwaziwa engaphezu kwekhulu eYurophu. kwinqanaba lemfundo ngamaxesha yayahlukile koko wabona ekhaya Ivan Fedorov. kuba ebengathandi Biography epheleleyo ngaphandle amabali akubona oko yenze Europe.

Indlu yoshicilelo yokuqala

An ngobomi umdla Ivana Fedorova for abantwana kufanele ukuba zidweliswe kwi indawo yendlu yokushicilela yokuqala, leyo yayimi phezu kummandla lwelizwe lethu. Ucweyo lokuqala nakubuchule yavulwa eMoscow. imisebenzi yayo zinxulumana ngamandla kunye negama umniniyo, eyayizibiza ngokuba Ivan Fedorov. biography emfutshane kule ndoda kubonisa ukuba le yinto elungileyo akazange aqale enye, yaye kunye typographer kunye neqabane lakhe, ogama Pet Timofeevich Mstislavtsev. Ngokutsho kummiselo Tsar Ivan ngabangcangcazelisi, kushicelelo zaveliswa iincwadi zonqulo. Sinoxanduva cinezela yoshicilelo ukumkani lowo waqeshwa Ivan Fedorov. biography emfutshane abantwana asenokubonisa ukuba umshicileli yokuqala yaba wayo yonke imisebenzi - Wanqumla liyayishicilela nobunzima kakhulu, esebenzisa umthi ibhodi pere, ukunyuka nge yingqokelela semigca, waleka zakhe iincwadi zokuqala.

"Umpostile"

Okokuqala wapapasha incwadi yakhe ebizwa ngokuba "Umpostile." Biography Ivan Fedorov for abantwana ngoyaba le encwadi amabala. vignettes Amazing, iifonti yoshicilelo ecacileyo kunye nemifanekiso emihle wenze le ncwadi msebenzi wobugcisa.

Uninzi "uMpostile" editions ziqulathe amagqabaza umshicileli. Bona umhlaziyi ubonisa ngokwakhe umntu ofundileyo kakhulu, wayesazi nemigangatho yoncwadi ngolwimi Russian ngelo xesha. Uninzi izimvo watyikitywa nje, "Ivan Fedorov". biography olufutshane lo mntu kufuneka nakanjani abonisa ukuba iincwadi wapapasha kuphela ngokuyalelwa soMhlekazi. Eyona njongo iphambili yale umbhali ukupapasha incwadi "kwi ukonwabela abantu Russian." Eyokuqala "mpostile" uzuze imvume ngokupheleleyo zeCawa, kwaye yapapashwa kunye kusasazwe iikopi 2,000. Iye yasinda akukho rarities ngaphezu kwama-60.

"Breviary"

Le ncwadi yesibini, epapashwe eMoscow workshop nakubuchule waba "Breviary." ababhali kwayo ukuba uPetros Mstislavets kunye Ivan Fedorov. Biography Russian incwadi-lomshicileli ezimbalwa zokumisa kwi kwincwadi yakhe yesibini. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba naye waba iincwadi zonqulo, waza wamkelwa oonondaba ngemvume epheleleyo Church Orthodox.

yokuwela

Biography Ivan Fedorov for abantwana kufuneka ukuba isekelwe ugqaliselo buhlungu sobomi bakhe. Ngenxa eziliqela yezizathu ezingaphaya ishishini lakhe yoshicilelo eMoscow kwafuneka ukuba. Mhlawumbi isizathu ukuhamba kwabo benzeke ebuzwe amadoda amatsha Ivana Groznogo - i nonogada. Umshicileli yokuqala asabile Grand Duchy eMoscow kuhlala Grand Duchy of Lithuania, emzini Zabłudów, leyo ngoku ukwakweli kummandla Poland. Uzuko abashicileli kuqala wafikelela ezi ndawo ekude - Fedorov kunye Mstislavets ndibulisa ngobubele kwi entendelezweni Hetman Grigoriya Aleksandrovicha Hotkevicha. amarhamente Big Orthodox kunye lweli geqe Duchy of Lithuania, wanikela ukhuselo yakhe umshicileli kuqala. Kungekudala ucweyo encinane kunayo yasekwa phantsi begxeka lakhe apho ulungisa ukupapashwa iincwadi Church Slavonic.

"Ukuze afundise ivangeli"

Zabludovskii inguqulo yokuqala 'ukufundisa ivangeli, "epapashwe ngo-1569. Emva iindlela zakhe uphumo diverged abashicileli yokuqala - Mstislavets waya kwisixeko Vilna, yaye onke amaxhala malunga bayahlelwa kwathatha phezu Ivan Fedorov. Biography kwexesha ubomi ubonisa ukuba ityala liye ubeke phezu isiseko esiqinileyo, yaye iincwadi ezintsha bafumana abafundi babo. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba ngexesha le ncwadi ayikho kangako ngumthombo wolwazi, njengendlela izibonelelo eyinkunzi. Iimveliso ashicelelweyo imali eninzi kakhulu, kwaye izama nezityebi bakhetha ukuba ifake kule ncwadi, ukuba ayengawenzi malunga oko kubhalwe kuzo. Enoba lwalunjani, "ukufundisa ivangeli" lubonise ukuba impumelelo kulo mzamo, kunye Ivan Fyodorov baqalisa ukucinga edishini entsha yale ncwadi.

"Psalms"

1570 Yayi ngamaxhesha lonke ixesha lokuphila Zdolbunov. Ku lo nyaka ngaphandle amanani amakhulu i "iiNdumiso" edumileyo, ihonjiswe frontispisnoy nokukrola ebonisa uKumkani uDavide wakwaSirayeli. Le yenye iimpapasho ezininzi obutofotofo Fedorova, leyo sungula ku umxhasi wakhe - kwelinye lamaphepha lezinga Khotkevych. Ngelishwa, ixesha lethu wasinda iikopi ezine kuphela encwadi - bobabini e Western Europe - nye eRashiya omnye - e Ukraine.

I-Union of Lublin wabeka Hetman Khotkevych kwindawo esinzima. Wayengakwazi ukuxhasa imisebenzi ebalulekileyo bokushicilela, kwaza kwanyanzeleka ukuba ukukhanyela Fedorov inkxaso kunye iivoti. washiya lomshicileli Book friendly Zabłudów waza waya esixekweni. Ngaloo ndlela kwaqalisa ixesha umsebenzi wakhe eLviv.

Ngowe-1574, i-yokuqala Ukraine workshop nakubuchule yasekwa eLviv. Kwaye kwakhona umbhali kuphela, iimpazamo zabaguquleli kwaye umhleli oko Ivan Fedorov. Biography for abantwana uqinisekise ukuba ufaka imbuyekezo nendalo yakhe yokuqala ethi-Printa yeNethiwekhi - eLviv kwakhona incwadi yakhe yokuqala "Umpostile" kwaqala. ELviv Fedorov mna zange abe nabani na imali okanye isikhundla, ngoko eLviv "mpostile" - oku ke wokuqala yeencwadi Fedorova, leyo inayo uvakalisa brand yayo. Apha, incwadi yokuqala yohlelo yapapashwa Russian, apho kuthiwa "ABC".

Jobs in Konstantina Ostrozhskogo

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, amathamsanqa wemka nguvulindlela, yaye eLviv, laphuthuma nesimo zemali. Wanyanzelwa ukuba anciphise imisebenzi yayo kunye ukwamkela simemo tycoon zizityebi nabantu abadumileyo - Prince Konstantina Ostrozhskogo. Prince wamkela abantu abafundileyo kwaye kakhulu kuluntu lwabo, ngoko lingqongwe olo manyano phakathi kwabantu izazinzulu eyayikhokelwa Gerasim Smotritskaya. Kukho Sasisebenza Ostroh Academy, apho kwakufuneka yayo "Drukarnya" ngokwenene - ngokuba ngaloo mihla kwathiwa workshop kunayo. Apha Ivan Fedorov benza ukulungiselela ukupapashwa kweBhayibhile eyodwa leyo ukuba walibala zonke ezikhoyo ngexesha iLizwi likaThixo zenja.

Ngowe-1580 indlu yoshicilelo Ostroh yakhupha iTestamente Entsha yeeNdumiso. Ngoko kwakukho 'ncwadi-ingqokelela yezinto nainuzhnyh ", ibhalwe uTimoti M. Ivan Fedorov. Biography abantwana kufuneka akukhankanye okubhalwe kolu khupho. Le "ncwadi .." yaba uluhlu elifutshane kwezinye amabinzana evela kwiTestamente Entsha, kuboniswe indawo yabo kumaphepha zeVangeli. design umdla "ncwadi" - incwadi cover page ahombise isango elikhulu, umema umfundi ukufumana ihlabathi iincwadi.

Ostrog Bible

Kakade ke, uhlelo edume Ivan Fedorov kweli xesha iBhayibhile Ostroh. Lo umsebenzi omangalisayo ilifa lenkcubeko zonke izizwe Slavic, kwaye isampula ubugcisa bokuprinta. Ukuba elinye ukupapasha ethi "Ivan Fedorov. biography emfutshane ngenxa yoonyana "- photo Ostrog Bible ngokufanelekileyo eyayizalise Umphambili wayo. Ewonke iintlelo ezintlanu sale ncwadi enkulu. Ivan Fedorov zilungiswe imicimbi yakhe yemali, babuyela kuloo mzi phezu kwehlabathi. Apha wazama ukuba ukuphinda-ukuvula i workshop nakubuchule, kodwa bafa ngaphandle ukubona iziphumo zabo. Lviv ukuvula indlu yokushicilela abantwana bafumane ithuba lokuba nguvulindlela kunye nabafundi bakhe. Fedorov wangcwatywa Onufrievskom kumangcwaba kufuphi etempileni. UNyana kunye nabafundi nguvulindlela Ufanele Ivan Fedorov waqhubeka ishishini, kodwa bengekafiki udumo utitshala wakhe.