"ITelegram", uPaustovsky. Isishwankathelo sezahluko

"Ungaze kwakhona." Koyikisa? Kodwa kukho ilizwi ukuba sikhale ithemba ngakumbi: ". Kakhulu emva kwexesha" Yiyo le intsingiselo buhlungu igcwaliswe ngokoqobo kunye nemveliso "yocingo". Isishwankathelo ncwadi, eyabhalwa umbhali yiSoviet omkhulu Konstantinom Georgievichem Paustovskim, siza kujonga namhlanje kwinqaku lethu.

ngombhali

UKonstantin Paustovsky, owazalwa ngo-1892 e Moscow, kakuhle eyaziwa kokubini apha ekhaya nakumazwe aphesheya. Romanticism kunye sentimentalism - iintlobo eziphambili apho umbhali ubhala. Ingakumbi eyaziwa kakuhle Paustovsky baba pfumelelani ku amabali amaninzi kunye neenoveli ngendalo abantwana. Xa imisebenzi yakhe, umbhali ngobuchule isebenzisa amandla nobutyebi ulwimi Russian, kungaba lula kwaye Ilula kakhulu esinikeza umfundi nembono yohlobo amahle amanene kwelizwe intanda yakhe.

Paustovsky kwafuneka ukuba siphila kumaxesha anzima. Wasinda iimfazwe zehlabathi ezimbini kunye revolution ezimbini yamakhaya kwelo lizwe. Yayingazange ezidlulileyo kuye khona, kwafuneka ukuba athathe inxaxheba. Oku ayikwazanga wabeka umphefumlo wakhe kukho ubungqina kakhulu. Ngelo xesha, akukho nto konakalisa italente yakhe kwaye umnqweno ngenxa yobuhle. Waqhubeka ukubhala nokudala izinto ezinkulu. World nodumo weza umbhali nje emva kokuphela kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, nto leyo wamnika ithuba lokuba bazobe amava amatsha kunye nenkuthazo kuhambo ehlabathini jikelele.

Paustovsky "yocingo": Isishwankathelo

Lo msebenzi encinane ngokweemvakalelo kunokuba capacious kwaye uchukumisa iimvakalelo ezinzulu yabantu. Umxholo ubudlelwane phakathi kwabazali kunye nabantwana ukusondela kwaye eliqhelekileyo kubantu abaninzi, bambalwa ukuze sihlale bengenamdla emva kokufunda "incwadi" ncwadi. Ushwankathe- isenokuba ngokoqobo ndafana izivakalisi ezimbalwa.

Elalini kude kwaye ekude abahlala ngaphandle kwimihla yokugqibela ixhegwazana ulilolo. I lady omdala ulilolo ukuze ngaloo mini, ukuba athethe naye, hayi umntu, singasathethi ebusuku elide yaye akazange aqonde ukuma ngayo, indlela ephila kusasa ...

yobudala Old waba buthathaka yaye babuthathaka kakhulu, amehlo wakhe buthathaka. Ukunyamekela kuye abasemzini, abamelwane kunye namanye belali. Ngelo xesha, eLeningrad wahlala othandekayo uxolo, lo mfazi ulilolo. Yena engasoloko ngokufuna iinkumbulo unina wakhe, ngamanye amaxesha uthumela imali, kodwa akazange wabhala iileta, apho unina wakhe wayeza kuba onwabe kangaka.

Kwaye kunjalo, kwenye zemvula ekwindla umfazi omdala kuyabanda, uvakalelwa kukuba akazange asinde ebusika, kwaye ubudala wokuza kwayo ukuya ekupheleni, uthi intombi yakhe ileta, ecela ukuba eze, ukuze abone naye ekugqibeleni. Kodwa omnye imicimbi yakhe, hayi ngokukhawuleza. Ngelo xesha, ukuba ngenkuthalo kunceda abasemzini kakhulu. Kunye nomama wakhe ngelo xesha novelwano kubantu bakhe, ukuzama ukuthomalalisa ukulangazelela yaba yintombi yakhe.

Enye yezi bantu (umlindi Tikhon) wathumela incwadi yocingo iLeningrad - inesigidimi esifutshane kunye amazwi unina ekufeni. Kodwa kakhulu emva kwexesha, intombi akanaxesha, lofa lo mfazi, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuba kwegazi intanda yakhe.

Kubonakala ngathi anayo imigca embalwa lonke ibali, "yocingo". Isishwankathelo, Kakade ke, nako 'injezu umfundi theka uchukumise naye olukhawulezayo, kodwa kuphela ufunde ngokupheleleyo incwadi yonke, abantu baza kuba nako ukufumana nentlekele ngale mveliso. Ngapha koko, intombi, i ezigqala ezilukhuni, nako novelwano. Kwaye ubugwenxa bakho kunye isiphoso, yena uyazi kakuhle kamva. Nje kakhulu emva kwexesha ... Kwaye nalo njengomthwalo onzima uza kufuneka aphile.

A screen lithathelwe ibali

Alithandabuzeki elokuba, umbhali enkulu uKonstantin Paustovsky! "Incwadi", isishwankathelo apho esiza kuxubusha ngayo kweli nqaku, wabetha iintliziyo neengqondo zabantu abaninzi. Enye yezi bantu yaba umlawuli umboniso eSoviet Yury Shcherbakov. Ngowe-1957, yathatha a film esekelwe kwincwadi igama elifanayo.

Ixesha ifilimu kancinane ngaphezu kwesiqingatha seyure, ungaphezulu kancinci ixesha elithathwayo ukufunda ibali ngokwayo. Noko ke, le ifilimu zokuzilungiselela umboniso emnyama namhlophe uyakwazi ukuyiphatha nzulu umphefumlo. Ngomhla ukubaluleka ngokweemvakalelo kusenokwenzeka ukuba ngebande elinye kunye ibali, baba akukho ndlela nganto omnye komnye.

Marlene eDietrich and Paustovsky "yocingo"

Okubhalwe kule ncwadi, njengoko kanti, bachukunyiswa nje iintliziyo bakhaya zakhe. Inoveli sele iguqulelwe kwezinye iilwimi. Ngoko ke, lo American movie inkwenkwezi enkulu kunye nemvumi Marlene eDietrich wayifunda waza wawa wamthanda. Ukuze iphupho yokuxinana ukuhlangana indlela umbhali kwaye simbulele le wobugcisa entlokweni yakhe.

Umnqweno wakhe wafezeka - ngo-1964 kwi ekonsathini yakhe e Moscow, wadibana Paustovsky oneminyaka eli-72 ubudala. Umbhali emva ndamelwa yintliziyo, kodwa waya imvumi eqongeni ngokwesicelo sakhe. Wabanga isandla sakhe, waza Waguqa ngamadolo akhe, bezixela ukuba emva kokufunda le ncwadi ndandivakalelwa kukuba kufuneka ukuqabula isandla mntu a emangalisayo. Kwaye ekugqibeleni, wongezelela wathi: "Ndiyavuya ukuba ndikwazile ukwenza oko." Eneneni, i Paustovsky wafa kwiminyaka-4 emva kwale ntlanganiso.

Malunga le ncwadi

Ibali lakhe "The yocingo" Paustovsky (isishwankathelo apho namanje) wabhala ngo-1946. Thile kamva, umbhali usixelela ukuba umfutho oko ukubhala lo msebenzi. Ngowe-1956, kwincwadi yakhe "The Golden Rose" (isahluko "Nicks kwi Intliziyo"), uKonstantin G. wavuma ukuba ngaxa lithile ahlala igumbi kwindlu enye kunye shwa ishiywe xhegokazi - UKaterina Ivanovna. Wazala intombi, Nastya, waya eLeningrad kwaye sele akazange eze kunyaka wesine ukutyelela umama wakhe. Inkxaso kuphela ixhegwazana waba ngummelwane intombazana sasinomdla nendoda endala uhlobo uIvan D., waya kuyo yonke imihla nokunceda kunye wasekhaya.

Xa UKaterina Ivanovna wagula Paustovsky wathumela ngokobuqu intombi yakhe eLeningrad ucingo. Ke yona intombi zange abe nexesha kwaye kuphela emva komngcwabo weza.

Njengoko ubona, umbhali zatshintsha kancinane kweli bali lobomi. Wade wagcina amagama abanye abalinganiswa. Ngokucacileyo, le siganeko wemka, azafunyanelwa ndawo entliziyweni yakhe, ebizwa ngokuba yi-lweenotshi.

Isakhiwo sebali

"Incwadi" (Paustovsky) - isiziba elifutshane. Xa ifomu eshicilelweyo, kuthatha amaphepha nje 6, oko kukuthi iphepha 12. Yaye avareji, Zikwathatha malunga nemizuzu engama-20 ukufunda yonke le ncwadi - KG Paustovsky "yocingo". Isishwankathelo izahluko, ngoku ingqalelo. Nangona ibali ngokusesikweni kwaye lwahlulo, Noko ke, xa ufunda lungohlulwa lube ziinxalenye eziliqela lwesemantiki:

• Ingxenye One - "Umama";

• Ingxenye Two - "Ntombi";

• Ingxenye Three - "incwadi phantsi kwezulu udakumbile.";

• Ingxenye Four - "Musa ukulinda";

• Ingxenye Five - "umngcwabo UYobi.".

Ngalinye iinxalenye zomfowunelwa okhethiweyo inentsingiselo yayo kwaye nokubaluleka kwayo isakhiwo ncwadi. Bonke siqwalasela ngokwahlukileyo, uya yalala phantsi a single umfanekiso.

"Incwadi" Paustovsky. Into eyenzeka kweli bali: "umama"

Kufuneka kube yasekwindla lemvula nengqele ngokungaqhelekanga. Ngenxa emlanjeni barhuqe amafu evakalala apho imvula uyitha ebandakanya wonke. UKaterina Petrovna suku ngalunye kuya kuba nzima ngakumbi - amehlo akhe nomzimba buthathaka, kunzima ukufumana kusasa, singasathethi ke ukunyamekela ngokwabo kwaye ikhaya umsebenzi onzima kwaphela. Nkqu izwi layo buthathaka kangangokuba uthetha ke intsebezo yelizwi. Kwaye bodwa kakhulu kukhule kuphela indawo, kuba nayo intliziyo akukho mntu. Ingcaciso yohlobo kunye nendlu umfazi ohlala kuyo, ubonise ukuba ubomi bakhe sele kudala ingasekho.

Kodwa kukho abantu ngokunyanisekileyo ukuvelana ngamaxhegokazi kwaye amncede. Le ntombazana ummelwane kunye nabantu abadala umlindi Manyushka Tikhon. Manyushka utyelela uninakhulu yonke imihla, yena kuzisa amanzi emthonjeni, kwande indlu inceda ekhitshini. Tikhon of uvelwano ayekwazi, naye, wazama ukunceda: ukugawula imithi efile egadini, gawula iinkuni ngenxa esitovini.

Ubulolo UKaterina Petrovna badla edanduluka esithi, awukwazi ukulala ebusuku kunye nobunzima elindele isifingo. Intombi yakhe kuphela Nastya uhlala kude kuye, eLeningrad, yaye iminyaka emithathu sele idlule ukususela kutyelelo lwakhe lokugqibela. Xa isibini kweenyanga Nastya yenza ethunyelwe unina, kodwa awukwazi ukufumana ixesha ukubhala le ncwadi.

Ngobunye ubusuku UKaterina Petrovna weva ukuba umntu ukunkqonkqoza kwisango lakhe. Yena uya ixesha elide kwaba ngenkankulu enkulu elucingweni. Ke ibona ukuba nemikhwa yakhe ngobo busuku, intombi yakhe ubhala ileta kunye nesicelo ukuza kubona yakhe ngaphambi kokuba afe. "Isithandwa sam. Winter ukuba andiyi kusinda. Yiza ubuncinane imini." Nantsi i Ngaphandle ileta yakhe yenza ukudangala kunye buzane. Manyushka uthwala umyalezo yayo kwi-ofisi yeposi.

"Incwadi" Paustovsky. Into eyenzeka kweli bali: "Ntombi"

Nastya, intombi yakhe, wayesebenza unobhala kwi-Union of Artists. imithwalo yakhe yayiquka intlangano kwemiboniso kunye nokhuphiswano.

Ileta evela kumama wakhe, kwafuneka asebenze, kodwa akazange ukufunda. Le leta wenza iimvakalelo zakhe mixed. Kwelinye icala, ukuququzelela unina wathi, yaye ngenxa yoko uyaphila. Kodwa kwelinye icala - ngamnye kubo ngathi sisingcikivo cwaka.

Emva kokusebenza Nastya uya istudiyo ukuya nomkroli oselula Timofeev. Usebenza kwiimeko amahle ezimbi, igumbi ebandayo kwaye ufumile. UMkroli Nastya ikhalazela ukuba yonke imizamo yakhe kuyabonwa yaye - asibonakali.

Xa sijonga le Umfanekiso Gogol, Nastya ngaxa ethile uziva emnweni isazela: ileta evela kumama ilele kwibhegi yakhe bengawatyi.

Ukwenza phandle nomkroli Timofeev italente, ligqiba ukuba naziphi na imikhosi ninduluke Phuma emntwini apho, yaye wathumela kuMongameli, ukuba umbutho yomboniso wakhe. Lakwazi ukuthethana ze ulandele iiveki ezimbini Nastia busy belungiselela. Letter elinye "ngokungenammiselo". Iingcinga malunga uhambo, iinkumbulo unina kunye iinyembezi engaphephekiyo, wabangela ukuba inkathazo.

Lo mboniso ekwazile udumo. Iindwendwe babubone imisebenzi nomkroli, amagama eliqela ogudileyo kwaye ufumana Nastia, owaba nako ukubonisa ubuntununtunu kunye nenkxalabo ukuya wegcisa yaye wancedisa ukususa Timofeev wazalwa.

Ke phakathi mboniso kurersha Dasha unika kuye ucingo uthi amagama amathathu: "Kate ofayo Tikhon.". Nastya unqwenela njalo kwenzeka ntoni kwelo gumbi ezingazange nangoko ningaqondi, malunga ngaye yaye isigqibo kufuneka ibe yintoni, umyalezo ayixoxwanga kuye. Kodwa ke, ukufunda idilesi uyaqonda ukuba akukho isiphoso. Iindaba kufika kuso ukuze alufanelekanga mzuzu, yena liwela iitelegram, kugxekwa yaye waqhubeka ukuphulaphula abantetho isisiXhosa.

Ngeli xesha, evela kwiSebe amazwi Nivakalise ilizwi lendumiso. A abaculi eziBekekileyo kunye ehlonelwayo kwizangqa abantu Purshia buqu ithumela amazwi ombulelo ukuya ukumnika. Yena umbulelo yokhathalelo yakhe ingqalelo ilityalwe Ngokufa umbhali Timofeev. Ekupheleni kwale ntetho, uguqa Nastya, esithi Anastasiey Semenovnoy, kwaye yonke abaphulaphuli baqhwaba izandla zakhe ezinde, bekudidekisa iinyembezi.

Kweli nqanaba, ngegcisa elinye wabuza Nastya ucingo Ndayishwabanisa esandleni sakhe: "Ayikho into embi?". Ukuba uphendula loo nto njalo ... evela kumhlobo wam.

"Incwadi" Paustovsky. Into eyenzeka kweli bali: ". Incwadi phantsi kwezulu obukhulu"

Wonke umntu ukhangela kwisithethi Pershin. Kodwa Nastia kudala waziva ngumntu enzima namehlo lihlaba. Woyika ukuba aphakamise intloko yakhe, kubonakala ukuba kukho umntu ukuyichaza. yena bakukhangela, babona sokukhangela kwi Gogol - oqingqiweyo eyenziwe nomkroli Timofeev. Lo mzobo kubonakala ukuba bathi kuye amazinyo athi: "! Owu, nina"

Ngalo mzuzu Heroine esehlela ingqiqo. Ngokukhawuleza enxibe wabaleka ngaphandle kwegumbi esitratweni, apho fells ikhephu emanzi kunye nesibhakabhaka lisibekele somthi esibuyiselweyo koomatshini kweso sixeko kunye nomongikazi oncedisayo. Sayikhumbula loo leta yokugqibela, amagama uhlobo ebhalelwe kunina: "sithandwa sam!" Nastya edlalayo ukukhanya kamva, ibona ukuba akukho mntu omthandayo kakhulu, njengoko oku endala ishiywe, nokuba akukho kuphinda wayesele ebona unina wakhe.

Yena Lisuka nje ukuya kwisitishi ngethemba ukufumana unina wakhe. ingqondo yakhe inye kuphela into: nje ukuba ixesha ukubona unina uxolele. Umoya ikhephu osusa ebusweni. Oku emva kwexesha, onke amatikiti bathengisa. Nastya okumenza ukuzibamba iinyembezi. Kodwa abathile mmangaliso, ngokuhlwa uyahamba ngololiwe ukuya elalini.

"Incwadi" Paustovsky. Into eyenzeka kweli bali: "Musa ukulinda"

Nangona Nastia fussed phezu show, unina wakhe wagula. Iintsuku ezili-10, akazange avuke kuloo mandlalo, kwaye abasemzini kuye. iintsuku Manyushka nobusuku bachitha kufuphi UKaterina Petrovna. Ebudeni mini wazimisa isitovu, ukwenza igumbi waba bekhululekile ngakumbi, yaye ke uninakhulu ucinga emva ngaloo mihla, xa intombi yakhe wayeselapho. Le nkumbulo kubangela iinyembezi zakhe ulilolo.

Okwangoku, umgcini elungileyo Tikhon ngethemba lula ukulindela ixhegwazana isigqibo phezu inkohliso encinane. Yena thethana ne ngunoposi lwasekuhlaleni, ithatha yocingo ezingabhalwanga ubhale kuyo umyalezo ngesandla angenzi. Ukuza UKaterina Petrovna, ixesha elide wabetha ekhohlela, umoya impumlo yakhe aze anike nemincili yakhe. A ilizwi ona-, wathi kulungile ukuba kungekudala ikhephu iqabaka uya hit ukuba le ndlela iba ngcono Nastase Semenovne kuya kuba lula ukuqhuba. Emva la mazwi, uqhuba noninakhulu ucingo. Ucingo, apho isishwankathelo ezi zilandelayo: "balinde ukuhamba."

Kodwa nangoko uyakuqonda inkohliso yakhe, enkosi amagama uhlobo kunye nokhathalelo, ngenkankulu ajike eludongeni, kwabonakala ukuba balale. Tikhon ehleli epasejini intloko yakhe, ukutshaya nokuncwina. Emva kwexesha elithile ngaphandle Manyushka kunye ebiza kwigumbi umfazi omdala.

Paustovsky, "yocingo". Into eyenzeka kweli bali: "umngcwabo UYobi."

Ngosuku olulandelayo UKaterina Petrovna wangcwatyelwa emangcwabeni, leyo zibekwe ngaphandle ilali, ngaphezu emlanjeni. Bhuxe nekhephu bawa. Ukusebenzisa uhambo lwakhe lokugqibela ndawonye abantwana kunye nabafazi ubudala. Le bhokisi lwaqhutywa Tikhon, Basil ngunoposi kunye namanye amadoda amabini ubudala. A Manyushka kunye umzalwana wakhe, wathwala ibhokisi.

Ingongoma ebalulekileyo imbonakalo umfundisi oselula. Xa ebona komngcwabo, ngoko ukhumbula ebinazo kwesinye isixeko wahlala unina nendala. Yena akakwazi ukuhamba elidlulileyo sithathe mngcwabo. Utitshala amkhapha ibhokisi ukuya kwelabafileyo. Apho, le lali kuthi ndlela-ntle ungasekhoyo, lomngcwabo isaphetha. Utitshala kwakhona ezilungele umzimba, yayame phezu kwaye amange isandla sakhe esomileyo UKaterina Petrovna, yaye emva koko uya ucingo yezitena a. Emva koko, eli lixesha elide emangcwabeni, ukuphulaphula iincoko nomhlaba, Asuke kunkqonkqozwa esicikweni lomngcwabo.

Nastya ifika kucingo ngosuku emva komngcwabo. Wafumana induli entsha engcwabeni kumangcwaba kunye igumbi unina iphela kaThixo. Nastya wadanduluka ubusuku bonke kwelo gumbi, kwaye ngentsasa elandelayo bakhawuleza ngokuzolileyo ushiye ucingo, ukuze kungabikho namnye wakha yaye akazange abuze imibuzo nzima. Wayesazi ukuba akukho namnye, ngaphandle unina, ayikwazanga ukususa ingcwaba lakhe enetyala negalelo.

isiphelo

Ngoko lidilizwe lonke ibali, "yocingo". Isishwankathelo ncwadi izahluko yalikhanyisa abafundi ibali phantse ngokupheleleyo, yaye mhlawumbi kakhulu kwandenza ndacinga. Kodwa ukuze ungaphoswa iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo imali ngumbhali ukusuka kwindawo phantse yonke incwadi, Kakade ke, kukuba ukufunda umsebenzi lonke luphela, ingakumbi njengoko zange ithathe ixesha elide. Mhlawumbi eli ibali elifutshane "The yocingo" iza kukhumbuza umfundi ukuba ebomini bethu bemihla ngemihla kunye neenkxalabo kuyo nayiphi na imeko asimele silibale ukuba kukho abantu zibalulekileyo ebomini bethu - usapho lwethu kunye nakwabo basenyongweni. Oko ke ukuba kakhulu emva kwexesha.