Isithuthi-stroke ezine injini

Ezibandakanya cylinder injini ezine, ezithi zixhonywe crankcase kwaye entloko phezulu ezivaliweyo. Carter yetreyi ezantsi zibambene nayo. Xa lombhobho kwemithambo zentloko yenu zibaliwe ibekwe - ugwebu kunye iplagi esatsiba ukuba isitofu izibaso (Diesel) iinjini okanye yintlantsi ucinezelo (petrol). Ngaphakathi uhamba piston, elidityaniswe nge isikhonkwane piston kunye nentloko eliphezulu yentonga kokuxhuma. Intloko esezantsi intonga ukudibanisa igutyungelwe neejenali wesibeleko crankshaft engundoqo apho ibekwe phezu iibheringi. I-piston akwitankana itywiniweyo ngamakhonkco ezizodwa. Ekupheleni le crankshaft yi flywheel kulungisiwe.

Ebizwa eliphezulu Indawo abafileyo isikhundla yile piston ekupheleni inxeba lalo phezulu, indawo esezantsi abafileyo ibizwa indawo ahlala ekupheleni yokuhamba phantsi.

Okukhulu ibizwa intshukumo piston ukusuka kwiziko ofileyo kwenye. Ukubana kuyilwa phezu kwayo xa ibanjiwe kwi TDC kwigumbi yokutsha, i parameter. injini ukubana okanye umthamo ukubana - le mali olwenziwa piston xa uhambisa ukusuka kwindawo kwabafileyo. Umthamo lombhobho - ixabiso elipheleleyo egumbini yokutsha kunye nabasebenzi.

Ucinezelo ratio ngumba obalulekileyo, echazwe njengoko umlinganiselo ngokupheleleyo lombhobho volume ku ngumthamo opheleleyo kwegumbi yokutsha. Modern injini single-Kuthiwa ngokomlinganiselo ucinezelo malunga 10. I-single-cylinder-stroke ezine injini a ucinezelo ratio ephakamileyo, hayi ngaphantsi kwe-20.

ngesibetho-Four injini ekuqaleni azigeqa kwajub wobhaliso xa ivelufa otyiwa uyamvulela, xa lo piston uqala ukusuka kwiziko phezulu kwabafileyo. Xa inkqubo ihamba zidle senziwa lombhobho kunye injini-inxeba amane ufumana umxube womoya kunye amafutha umphunga, nto leyo edla ngokuba i amafutha okanye amafutha-komoya.

Emva kokuba piston BDC ziya kuthatha indawo, ngenxa njengokujikeleza crankshaft, iqala ekhwela kwiziko phezulu abafileyo, egqalwa ekuqaleni stroke ucinezelo. Oku kuvala ivelufa owongozelelweyo, kwaye wonke umjikelo, zombini valve zivaliwe. Lo mxube ezivuthayo ngaphakathi lombhobho kwi ukubana le piston ukuya TDC sele zixinaniswe, ubushushu kunye noxinzelelo yayo ukwanda. Kukho ixabiso elikhulu xa ucinezelo piston TDC. Kodwa okoko le nkqubo kwamafutha yokutsha kuthatha ixesha lokuba umxube enokutsha ephakamayo kwangaphambili, phambi kokuba piston ifikelela TDC kwi-stroke ucinezelo. Lo mxube ephakamayo ngumntu iintlantsi zombane leyo uyaxhuma phakathi electrode yeplagi. Ukususela kwixesha yintlantsi BTDC, ekujikeni yesingxobo kuthiwa engile precession ucinezelo.

Xa inani elikhulu yeegesi ezidla igunya-zakhutshwa ngexesha yokutsha amafutha, ngokucinezela phezu piston, leyo ukuba injini ukwenza umjikelo ezine stroke ngethuba elilandelayo zisenzeka kunye semigudu lalivaliwe piston stroke ukusuka TDC ukuya BDC. Exhaust kobetho luqala emva stroke. Ivula, ivelufa zeemoto kunye piston siya TDC, kancinane iigesi zeemoto emoyeni. Emva koko, kumjikelo ngokulandelelana efanayo ngokuphindaphindiweyo.