Isiqinisekiso Metrological - yintoni na le nto? iziseko zobugcisa inkxaso metrological

inkqubo yokuqinisekisa metrological ngokungqinelana ne Art. Siseko 71 kukuthi federally olulawulwayo. UNorma yabela kuRhulumente lolawulo oluyintloko imiba ephambili kule nkalo. Ukuvumelana Art. 71 imithetho yaseburhulumenteni elawula iziseko ulondolozo metrological ziye zathathwa.

isakhiwo le Institute

inkqubo yokuqinisekisa metrological ihlanganisa imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo oluntu. Oku kuquka imigangatho, imigangatho, imigangatho metric, imithetho kwexesha calculation. isondlo Metrological - imbaxa uhlobo sokusebenza imisebenzi ethile. Ezi ziquka:

1. iimfuno Ukubeka. imilinganiselo siqinisekiso Metrological, umzekelo, kubandakanya ukumiselwa parameters zabo ukusebenziseka.
2. Planning. Njengenxalenye yale msebenzi leesekethe akhiwa uphuhliso ubuchule yokulinganisa.
3. Ukukhethwa kwezixhobo kunye nezixhobo. Uya kusekelwa phezu parameters ebekwe yi ukuthembeka kweziphumo.
4. processing izibalo. Ngexesha lo msebenzi lushwankathela iziphumo ezifunyenweyo kwi imilinganiselo kunye nokuthembeka kwazo kuqikelelwa.
5. sizithelekisa Interlaboratory. Ngethuba lale nkqubo, abalungelelanisiweyo kwaye kubanjwe ulawulo nokuthembeka parameter imilinganiselo. Ngokukodwa, imilinganiselo ziqhutywa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, kwaye ke amanani ngenxa bafaniswa.

Njengesiseko yenzululwazi ukusuka leMitroloji. Njengenxalenye kwingqeqesho wafunda iindlela yokulinganisa, iindlela ukufikelela ukuchana efunekayo.

GSI

ilungiselelo Metrological zemilinganiselo ufano lilawulwa kwinqanaba federal. Kwi-Russian Federation idaliwe kunye imisebenzi efanelekileyo iziko. inkqubo State lokuqinisekisa efanayo ngokwemilinganiso - iseti lwemimiselo kwamacandelo kunye namanqanaba nqila. Babeka imigangatho, iimfuno kunye nemigaqo ejoliswe ekuphumeleleni nokugcina umanyano yelizwe ngokwemilinganiso kunye ngendlela efanelekileyo. Amaxwebhu ezivunywe yi Rosstandart.

izinto

isiqinisekiso Metrological kwesilinganiso iquka:

1. Units nat. amanani.
2. Luyaqhubeka amacebo kunye nemigangatho yesizwe.
3. Iindlela kunye nezixhobo yokuqinisekisa.
4. Iindlela for ukuzinza kunye nokuhlelwa parameter yokulinganisa iindlela.
5. rates nokuchaneka.
6. Iindlela yokuvakalisa into ayicingayo, intshumayelo yemida kunye neziphumo.
7. ubuchule yokulinganisa.
8. Iindlela zokuvavanya ukuthembeka, uhlobo ulwazi malunga neempawu izinto zokufunda.
9. Iimfuno ukuba iisampulu.
10. Iinkcazelo kunye nemigomo.
11. Organisation kunye nokwenziwa ezi mvavanyo, isatifikethi metrological nokuqinisekiswa, umlinganiselo kwimibhobho, ukuqinisekiswa iinkcukacha kunye nobugcisa, zobugcisa, ubunjineli, amaxwebhu eprojekti.

isisekelo senkolelo

inkxaso Metrological - indibaniselwano:

1. amazinga karhulumente. Ziye ke nikulungele unit ngokwasemzimbeni. amanani. I-complex ubandakanya engundoqo 114 ezingaphezu kwama-250 neesekondari imigangatho.
2. Yenziweyo ebandakanya iiyunithi nat ubukhulu transfer. amaxabiso neesampule indlela abasebenza yokulinganisa.
3. Ukuphuhliswa kweenkqubo, ukukhululwa yasasazwa kwezixhobo ukwenza imilinganiselo.
4. Imisebenzi iimvavanyo karhulumente.
5. Iinkqubo lokutshekisha kunye nesandi sidlalwe.
6. iisampuli Umgangatho ubume kunye neempawu izinto neemathiriyeli, reference ulwazi malunga constants zabo ngokwasemzimbeni kunye neempawu.

izifundo

isiqinisekiso Metrological - yinto umsebenzi ngaphakathi ubuchule:

1. HMS. Service Metrology State likhokelwa yi-Arhente Federal ukuba ummiselo zobugcisa.
2. Abagunyazisiweyo imizimba imo ye-Russian Federation kunye nolawulo amaqumrhu asemthethweni. Bakha uthungelwano imibutho kunye namaziko asebenza kulo lonke elo lizwe kummandla software leMitroloji.

Kwimisebenzi yayo, ezi abadlali sikhokelwa mthetho kumacandelo.

isiseko Scientific and technical

Okwangoku metrological inkxaso - esebenzayo sisixhobo esisetyenziswayo adale ngempumelelo iinkqubo, ukusungulwa bhetyebhetye esizisebenzelayo schemes, zithembekile ukuphonononga uhlahlelo iimpawu ndigqibile imveliso. De kakhulu kutshanje, kulo msebenzi zithathwa ukuba isetyenziswe. Standards ebisebenza swi metrological kwinkxaso kwimveliso yenu, ngokunjalo nokuphucula nokuphuhliswa beneempahla yokulinganisa iinkqubo. Noko ke, oko ebonisa imingeni emitsha. Namhlanje metrological ulawulo lwe kukuthi a iseti sombutho kunye technical amanyathelo ejolise ekufumaneni ezilandelayo nokusetyenziswa kweziphumo imilinganiselo afunekayo ngokuchanileyo.

iinkqubo eziphambili

inkxaso Metrological kwimveliso iquka:

1. Ingcaciso uluhlu imveliso parameters, izixhobo, iinkqubo eziza kuhlolwa kwizigaba ezahlukeneyo.
2. Ukukhetha olu luhlu uze amaxabiso ngamanani ukuba parameters bokuchaneka iziphumo imilinganiselo, iitsheki kunye nolawulo, iindlela zonikezelo. Kufuneka negalelo isicombululo ngokupheleleyo iingxaki apho iziphumo.
3. Examination inomyili, zeteknoloji kunye noyilo namaxwebhu. Kuliwa ukuqinisekisa iziphumo kwezigqibo iingxaki.
4. ucwangciso test, umlinganiselo, uphuhliso kunye nesiqinisekiso neenkqubo.
5. Ukukhetha izixhobo ezifanelekileyo. isiqinisekiso Metrological lokulingwa, imilinganiselo, iimvavanyo enokwenziwa usebenzisa izixhobo imveliso serial. Ukongeza, imithetho wavumela uphuhliso kwemigangatho yoqinisekiso azikhange izixhobo ngokwemigaqo.
6. Londoloza kokusebenza engaginyisi. Iindlela metrological nenkxaso kufuneka zinikwe rhoqo lahlolwa ngenxa serviceability kunye ukusebenziseka.
7. imilinganiselo Performing, processing of iziphumo (ukuba kuyimfuneko).

inkxaso Metrological lombutho iquka uqeqesho kunye nokulungela kwabasebenzi, ogama umsebenzi sinxulumene imveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa zovavanyo iziphumo, imilinganiselo kunye nohlolo.

abantu abanoxanduva

Iseti lwemisebenzi ngentla, olwenziwa yi orientation eligunyazisiweyo inkonzo technical. Abanoxanduva amashishini metrological inkxaso enxulumene lweenkcukacha, lezixhobo kunye neenkqubo ehamba olawulo lokulungiselela lwabo. Ukukhetha uluhlu lwamaxabiso kunye iparameters nabayili, abaphuhlisi zemisebenzi ezitsha, izixhobo okanye iimveliso ngokwesiseko yokubumba kunye nokufunda iimpawu zazo. Icacisa norms kanye enze izifundo abaza ekujoliswe, - kubavelisi, nabathengisi okanye abasebenzisi iinkqubo, iimveliso okanye yekrwada izinto.

Oluhlolo lwenziwa yi ngobungcali aqeqeshiwe kumaqela eengcali. Ziquka abayili, noochwephetsha, amalungu Iinkonzo leMitroloji zamasebe. Ucwangciso kunye nokubulawa ngokwemilinganiso, iimvavanyo, uhlalutyo luxanduva lwabasebenzi yenzululwazi kunye nobugcisa. Ezi ngcali ukuphuhlisa nokuphumeza iinkqubo wokwenziwa iimveliso nezinto. isiqinisekiso Metrological yolawulo, uhlolo kunye wemilinganiso lwenziwa ngendlela kwindawo enye. nabadlali Responsible kule senzo yoMphathiswa, ukuphuhlisa izixhobo ezifanelekileyo kunye neendlela. Software kwiindawo. Oku abadlali abenza imilinganiselo, uvavanyo kunye kweliso enza phezu nokuthotyelwa kunye neemfuno emiselwe wenziwe. Ukugcina izixhobo zikwimeko esebenza kakuhle ukubonelela ngeenkonzo zobugcisa. ulwazi lwabo isatifikethi, umlinganiselo kwimibhobho, ukulungisa izixhobo.

MVI

inkqubo Umlinganiselo kuthiwa ngothotho lwezixhobo, iindlela kunye imithetho ukulungiswa kunye nokuphunyezwa yomlinganiselo, inkqubo kunye nohambiso iziphumo.

Ezimalunga nomxholo, iimeko kunye nolandelelwano lwale misebenzi kufuneka ihlangabezane neemfuno ezithile. Bona obizwa ngokuba imithetho womlinganiselo. Ezi mfuno zinceda ukugqibezela umsebenzi othile. Imithetho inika ingcaciso malunga ubukhulu yendlela womlinganiselo kunye nezixhobo ezithile zobugcisa. Xa ukuphunyezwa kwakhona wenziwe data entengo ngendlela efanelekileyo ukwenzela ukusetyenziswa ngakumbi.

Icandelo lesibini MVI enze zekhompyutha. Ezi ziquka nezixhobo ezilungiselelwe umiliselo ngoko nangoko ngokwemilinganiso, kwakunye nezincedisi. Le yokugqibela kuyimfuneko ukudala iimeko ezifanelekileyo neenkqubo. Imizekelo zokuncedisana nabagulayo, zixhobo ezo imijelo yonxibelelwano, uvikele kunye nobushushu nolawulo fakelo, ukungcangcazela dampers njalo njalo.

Icandelo lesithathu yi MVI indlela womlinganiselo. Oku kuquka iseti imigaqo kunye nezixhobo. Kukho iindlela ngokwemilinganiso ngqo nengxelo-ntetho. Lwakutsha nje njengento eqhelekileyo. Ezi ziquka, umzekelo, iquka zero, umahluko, iindlela ezohlukileyo, ukulinganisa ngqo. Bavumela kwezinye iimeko ukuze abuyekeze okanye ukuphelisa ineempazamo. Iindlela ngokwemilinganiso ngqo bakholisa ukubonisa amagama imigaqo zibonakalayo apho zisekelwe. Ukuba ibe uluhlu enkulu ubuchule.

into ebaluleke

Development kunye ukuqinisekiswa iindlela ingumongo zabo iindlela kuphela ukuphumeza inkxaso aqinisekisiwe metrological zokuvelisa kunye nokuvavanywa kweemveliso. Oku kungenxa ilandelayo. Njengokuba inkalo ephambili izixhobo isikali ukuqaliswa namhlanje ukusetyenziswa practical iindlela ngqo. Bona zisekelwe nesenzeko 'Ncwadi kunye nemithetho. Metrological yokuqinisekisa umgangatho zezi ndlela sikhatshwa iqondo eliphezulu okuchaneka nokusonjululwa. iindlela ngokungathanga uyakwazi ukubona onyukele kumaqondo ezinkulu kwiindawo apho azisebenzi iindlela ngqo. Ngelo xesha njengoko esicacisa metric ukuchana ke iimpazamo. Bona zibangelwa incompleteness le quadratic echaza uxhomekeko ubuninzi kulinganiswa ngokungathanga ngqo zezi iimpawu ubungakanani iziganeko kunye neenkqubo. Okubaluleke ngokulinganayo ukungabikho kozinzo le okuza enokwehla okanye theoretical xa ukutshintsha iipropati into, iimeko kunye iindlela yomlinganiselo. Ukongeza, xa usebenzisa iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo multiblock nempembelelo enkulu iimpawu jikelele iimpazamo kuba izixhobo ezincedisayo.

izitifiketi MVI

Kuyinto isifundo swi kohlolo ubuninzi avumelekile imposiso womlinganiselo, othi uqhutywe ngale ndlela. Injongo yoqinisekiso kukuseka guquki phakathi ezingaqhelekanga kunye nezithethe anikiweyo. Kwezinye iimeko, oku sikwenza ubeke "umsebenzi eliphezulu". Oku kubandakanya nokumisela imiqathango, iinkqubo, iimeko phantsi apho impazamo inciphisiwe.

iindlela ezisisiseko

inkqubo yoqinisekiso kukhethiwe kuxhomekeke kubunzima wemisebenzi iindlela ezisetyenzisiweyo. indlela azo kusetyenziswa xa usenza umlinganiselo elula. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezi iimpazamo zimiselwa iimpawu zentsulungeko nganye enikwe kwi kuxwebhu zobugcisa. A ukubala-umfuniselo indlela lwentsebenzo olusekelwe kucazululo kwenxenye izinto kunokwenzeka, izinto kunye nemithombo ezinxaxhileyo. Xaka kule meko kangako uhlahlelo ngokusekelwe ekufumanekeni iimeko kakhulu ezichaphazela nokuchaneka. Kakuhle eli indlela eyayivavanywa ukwalathisa kunye uthelekiso ngqo iziphumo ezifunyenweyo imilinganiselo kwenziwa ngaxeshanye yaye phantsi kwezinye iimeko izixhobo ezichanekileyo kunye nobuchule.