Isingqisho eziphilayo - isingqisho factor ...

eziphilayo Isingqisho - kuba isenzeko umdla kakhulu. Namhlanje izazinzulu ezininzi benza uphando yale meko. Isingqisho eziphilayo - yinkqubo iphela elo zonke izinto eziphilayo. Kule uya kubona ngokufunda eli nqaku.

Umgaqo ubunye eziphilayo kunye nokusingqongileyo yenye nemigaqo yenzululwazi mihla. Zonke izinto eziphilayo, kwakunye nenkqubo supraorganismal, olubalelwa umanyano kunye nendawo ahlala kuyo, ukuba zonke iinkqubo zayo isingqisho. imisebenzi ebalulekileyo kubo kuxhomekeke izingqisho ngamaxesha abonisa izingqisho impendulo indalo yonke liphela (kubandakanywa yesimo, ngeenkwenkwezi), kwakunye nohlobo.

ngu- Sokolov, kwabantu, Russian, uphawula ukuba zonke izilwanyana kunye nezityalo, kunye nayo, kunye nabantu rhoqo phakade lokuzibona imiphumo umhlaba kwaye uyakufezekisa abasabela kwamaza ngesingqi ukuba ibetha intliziyo ehlabathini.

Yintoni biorhythms?

Makhe siqwalasele ingqikelelo umdla kuthi. izingqisho ababazalayo utshintsho ngamaxesha phindo kwi nomlinganiswa kunye nobushushu ngezimanga yebhayoloji kunye neenkqubo. Ezi nkqubo batch abe ebanzi yamaza. Bona afumaneka kwi ngalinye amanqanaba yombutho wokuphila systems. Le biosystem nzima, ngoko ke liye inani elikhulu biorhythms. Bona busisigxina kwinqanaba yemfuza. Isingqisho eziphilayo - into leyo ebaluleke kakhulu ukuze ulungiselelo kunye nokukhethwa zendalo eziphilayo.

ubukho yayo ngenxa ungqamaniso kweenkqubo nemvelo. Ekubeni ephilayo yinkqubo oluneqela elinegunya, kufuneka ukuba ukulungelelana kunye nokusebenza ezisezantsi zayo ezahlukeneyo kumanqanaba ixesha kuphela kwexesha kodwa kwisithuba eziphilayo.

Kweli nqaku uza kufunda ngokweenkcukacha oko isingqisho eziphilayo. Obubonakala, iimpawu, kunye nemizekelo kuxoxwe ngazo ngezantsi.

Chronobiology: ukuvela kunye nophuhliso

Science ukuba ufunda izingqisho zebhayoloji, kuthiwa chronobiology. Yinto eyaziwayo ukususela kumaxesha amandulo ukuba iintyatyambo kunye namagqabi zezityalo, kuxhomekeke ixesha losuku ukwenza iintshukumo ezithile. UKarl Linney emva ngo 1745 basungula "iwotshi intyatyambo" (eliboniswe ngezantsi) ukufumanisa ixesha lokuba ukugungqa nokuvalwa eentyatyambo.

Kwisiqingatha sokuqala kwenkulungwane ye-19, isifundo sokuqala izingqisho lomzimba ebantwini sele lwenziwe, ezifana ubushushu bomzimba, frequency ukuchama kunye nezinga intliziyo. Njengoko iincwadi amalungu eli thuba zifumaneka ezibonisa kubukho imisebenzi ezinesingqi ukuba iqala ngaphakathi, okt kwenzeka emzimbeni. Ngowe-1936 oko yamiswa ekugqibeleni izingqisho iqala lomzimba izityalo kunye neentyatyambo. Ukulungiselela le njongo nayiphi na impembelelo lwangaphandle kuzo ngaphandle.

Ezinye iziganeko kuphuhliso nenzululwazi chronobiology - kuvulwa orientation iintaka neenyosi ibhabha yi ilanga, nasekuziqiniseni kwam ubukho wobuntu izingqisho iqala lomzimba. A mathemba wanikwa le inzululwazi ngenxa nophando. Njengoko ngaphambili, inzala ephambili izazinzulu izifundo izingqisho zebhayoloji kufundwa zesingqisho zonyaka, yenyanga kunye diurnal.

Izingqisho eyakuthi bokuphila

Bekela bucala alandelayo yokuhlelwa kwazo ngokwemigaqo intsebenziswano phakathi okusingqongileyo kunye eziphilayo.

1. Izingqisho olwenziwayo (biorhythm) - oku Amaxesha oscillation ukuba basondele kuxhotyiwe ezibalulekileyo yesimo. Indima yabo alungelelanise eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo utshintsho lobume ezenzeka ngamathuba athile. esasidla wabo uzinzile.
2. izingqisho bokuphila (ukusebenza) - intlokoma ezibonisa umsebenzi iinkqubo komzimba we omzimba ethile. esasidla yabo ziyohluka kakhulu kwaye kuxhomekeke nemeko eziphilayo.

Izingqisho angaphandle kunye kwedijithali

Le izingqisho imbonakalo nature zahlulwe zibe ezisuka ngaphandle kunye iqala. Zangaphandle - abasabela ngayo ephilayo utshintsho lobume. kuvela iqala ngenxa yeenkqubo self-elawula luphawulwa ingxelo imisiwe. Baya zixhomekeke kwi neziphumo ezifanayo kwezendalo ixesha ezinokuchaphazela awo kunye nesigaba shift biorhythms zabo.

Izingqisho amanqanaba ngumbutho biosystem namatyeli

Izingqisho nabo lahlulwe kwinqanaba lombutho le biosystem ethile. Zahlula-hlulwe umhlaba onokuphila, labemi, ephilayo, ilungu kunye iseli.

Ngokutsho frequency kubo:

• izingqisho asetyenziswa rhoqo (ukusuka ngesekhondi ukuba imizuzu engama-30);
• eliphakathi (ukusuka kwimizuzu engama-30 ukuya iiyure 28);
• mezoritmami (ukusuka kwiintsuku 28 iiyure ukuya 7);
• makroritmami (ukusuka kwiintsuku ezingama-20 ukuya kunyaka omnye);
• megaritmami (periodicity - iminyaka elishumi).

Nature biorhythms

A ephilayo, ngokutsho hypothesis iqhelekileyo yinkqubo oscillatory ozimeleyo, esibonakala iseti izingqisho enxulumene ngaphakathi. Imijikelo ukutya (ukutya kunye catabolism) iiseli ngokuqhubekayo zenzeke. Oku izakhiwo reactions ezahlukeneyo zengqo- - arhente kuyondelelaniswe kunye cleavage. Xa iiseli ngenxa yoko, ngokungqinelana ne lemijikelo pathways gqolo utshintsho zenzeka lamanani kwezinto ezahlukeneyo (iimveliso pathways enzyme matrix transfer RNA, njl) Ukuthabatha inxaxheba ngayo nemvelo. Iparameters Biosystems ngaphakathi ezibangelwa ngayo yenza oscillation ngokuqhubekayo, lemka amaxabiso abangenagama.

Xa eziphilayo, nabenzi boluvo ababanikezelayo kucacisa uhlobo kunye nezinga iinkqubo pathways, zezona hormone modulators allosteric axhasayo rhythmicity eziphilayo. Oku gqolo esweni imeko umzimba. Kwaye udla ukugcina rhoqo (homeostasis) okusingqongileyo zangaphakathi -. PH, ubushushu, uxinzelelo osmotic, lwee- izinto njl iindlela ezininzi inxaxheba ekugcinweni homeostasis. Zakhiwa ngamatsha ikakhulu umgaqo ingxelo. Umzekelo, agqithisile glucose egazini uqala ukugcina indlela yale zokufunda (ngokohlobo glycogen). Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ukungabikho oko kukhokelela ekwandeni glycogen iyafa.

Umqukumbelo oku kunokwenziwa elandelayo. Xa eziphilayo, akukho nkqubo eqhubekayo. Kufuneka nakanjani enye oppositely wayalela nge: .. A umsebenzi ukuphumla, umoya umoya, imeko kuyondelelaniswe lwahlukane wake ukulala, njl le esiphilayo, ngaloo ndlela, akakwazi ahambisane. Lubonakala ngelinye igama ezifana isingqisho. Xa kukhangelwa ukuba ngaba lo ipropati eziphilayo ingaveliselwa nkqu ngokubona elula. Ungase uphawule ukuba ezinye (eneneni yonke) amandla kunye nokomzimba iparameters zisoloko kwindawo ukwenza ukuhla zombini awo kunye rhoqo xa kuthelekiswa amaxabiso avareji.

nokunyuka ezinjalo kwaye biorhythms. Ngoncedo ezi zinto ziphilayo zizinze yayo thermodynamic karhulumente. Ukuze ngempumelelo kwimo engqongileyo, oko isingqisho iinguqu nokungazinzi koqoqosho. Kwinkcazelo yale meko, siye ezicatshulwe ekuqaleni kweli nqaku.

Le wotshi langaphakathi

timer lwangaphandle akuyomfuneko ukuba nangolunye nkqubo kunye iqondo eliphezulu conjugation bonke ezisezantsi yayo. Kuphuhliso, wafaka imisebenzi inkqubo ordering umzimba ngokuhamba kwexesha kubhaliwe ilungiswe, evumela ukuba baziqhelanise iprofayile nezenyama kokusingqongileyo. Le ephilayo uyakwazi 'kwangaphambili' ixesha losuku. Oku kukuvumela ukuba lidibane effectors kwangaphambili ezahlukahlukeneyo, nto leyo zifakiwe impendulo ngoko nangoko. Umzekelo, iqondo lobushushu emzimbeni, kwaye umxholo corticosteroids kwi plasma ubuthongo oluqhelekileyo ziqala elide phambi kokuba kuvalwe wayo avuke. Ngoko ke, nokuvuka kaninzi kwenzeka phambi uphendulela ukukhanya.

Nantsi eminye imizekelo kwesingqisho. ezo eziphilayo kuphela kusinda kwinkqubo yokukhethwa zendalo, apho uyakwazi nje ukuba uvuthe kwiintlobo asendle utshintsho, kodwa ukunyenyisa Siyayinqoba intlokoma yangaphandle umatshini yayo isingqisho. Umzekelo, izilwanyana enye izingqisho uphaphama kunye nokulala, kangangokuba kuyanceda ukuqinisekisa iimeko ithembisa ukuba ukuveliswa kokutya. Indalo, inkqubo zokuzala (amathuba wenzala kunye ukungachumi) nayo apha naphaya ukulungiselela iimeko zokusingqongileyo ukuba eyona ilungileyo ukukhula inzala. iintaka abaninzi endiza kwelisezantsi ekwindla. Lo ngomnye umzekelo ukuze abonise ngayo isingqisho. Biology uyazi eminye imizekelo emininzi. Ngoko ke, ubusika ezinye izilwanyana. Oku kubanceda ukuba asinde, nangona ukuba zangaphandle iimeko zokusingqongileyo obugqithileyo.

biorhythms ngemihla

rhythmicity lomzimba eziphilayo - ntoni na? Kodwa nantsi eyona nyaniso. Ngu imihla (lomzimba) biorhythms ziquka nesenzeko kwaye utshintshe uhlobo nobushushu iinkqubo zebhayoloji, apho amaza phindaphindo 24 ± 4 iiyure. Uninzi nokomzimba kunye kwemichiza emzimbeni, intshukumo, uphuhliso, ukukhula, ixhomekeke kwezi izingqisho, ezo zibangelwa lomzimba (yonke imihla) isingqisho ngenxa yemeko ezisingqongileyo. Yena, ke, edibene ukujikeleza malunga ezimanyeneyo planethi. Imizekelo yeenkqubo ezinjalo: Izinga metabolic, ukuhla e lobushushu emzimbeni, nezihlandlo sisahlula cell. Ngokuba bonke bephela iphawulwa isingqisho yonke imihla.

Biology - isayensi lifunda izilwanyana nje kuphela kodwa izityalo. Le yokugqibela, ingakumbi, wabona ebusuku ushiya lemijikelo zesingqisho uhle lokuvala eentyatyambo. Ngexesha lo mhla ziyachazwa. Izingqisho zigcinwa naxa kungekho ukukhanya kwelanga. Oku kungqinwe eksperimenti yakhe SE Shnol, biophysicist Russian. Wacaphula umzekelo usodolophu iimbotyi. amagqabi waphakama waza wawa kusasa nangokuhlwa, nokuba isityalo kwigumbi elimnyama. Kwaba ngathi ixesha kunye iwotshi lwangaphakathi okuye ungawuchaza.

Izityalo uqobo ukuchaza ixesha ngosuku utshintsho ukusuka imilo enye ukuya kwenye xa ukutshintsha iimpawu sombala phytochrome kwelanga (nokubunjwa kwayo ecacicleyo). Umzekelo, ilanga kwelanga kukuba bomvu kuba ukukhanya elibomvu uye kwamaza inde kwaye incinane eziluhlaza, saa. Ngorhatya okanye kwelanga alumeke eninzi radiation ebomvu infrared. Oku ukuqonda isityalo, ebonisa isingqisho ngemihla.

Biology - inzululwazi, leyo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku iye yazuza amava abanzi ukugcina izilwanyana ezahlukeneyo. Kuye kwafunyaniswa nangakumbi ukuba ixesha interleaving akuphumli umsebenzi izilwanyana (imini nobusuku) nayo inxulumene izingqisho lomzimba. Kubo yinto ebalulekileyo nokuzimisela ixesha ayinakuqondwa kodwa isalamane. Kufuneka wazi xa ilanga liya kuvuka uhlale njengezidalwa emini iimbovane zokusetyenziswa ekukhanyeni imini nobusuku - mnyama.

Nanku umzekelo - jonga kwi kwisingqi imihla ahlala phezu oononkala kunxweme umbethi-fidyoli Atlantic. Itshintsha umbala wayo, ebonisa isingqisho ngemihla. Biology - isayensi ukuba, njengabanye, ukuba ukuchonga iipateni. Kuba yintoni kwikala itshintsha umbala wayo? Kodwa nantsi eyona nyaniso.

Crab kusasa, ukukhanya, kodwa xa ilanga liphuma phezulu esibhakabhakeni, kuba mnyama. Ukudlala indima yokhuselo, isakhi ukhusela kwikala elinesoya ukusuka ingqatsini yelanga. Ukuba le mali masisiqhube ephantsi, ngoko kuyanceda ukuba umbala ubumnyama phezu kwentlabathi unxweme zifihlakele. Kwaye kukho zikhangela ukutya ethunyelwe unonkala.

izingqisho mihla abantu

Malunga 300 wemisebenzi komzimba ukuba babe izingqisho lomzimba iqatshelwe emzimbeni womntu. ubunzima Body, esekelwe kwinkqubo lomzimba womntu ezinintsi ngamaxesha 18-19, izinga sokuphefumla - Iiyure 13-16, izinga intliziyo - Iiyure 15-16, inqanaba igazi erythrocytes - 11-12 iiyure leukocytes - 21 iiyure -23 kunye t. d.

inkqubo yokubala ngentloko ke okukhawulezileyo eyekelel 'umxakatho ngokuhlwa kusasa. Ukuya izingqisho imisebenzi kwengqondo kunye nokomzimba, neliya, kuchaphazela kuvukwe ulale iiyure, ukuphumla kunye nomsebenzi. Zixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi ngexesha uphaphama ngendlela parameters igophe: inqanaba lokukhuthazwa, ekudleni, imeko jikelele, ezifana ubuntu, etc ...

Igama elithi "desynchronosis" ubhekisele na ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo zebhayoloji ixesha odola izingqisho. Uphononongo iindlela zayo kubaluleke kakhulu entlanganweni umsebenzi kunye nabanye ootitshala, ekwenzeni amanyathelo othintelo ngeenjongo zokukhusela impilo. Desinhroz ingakumbi aba abantu abaye benza moya umgama omde (ngo-4-5 kwimimandla ixesha), ngokutshintsha indlela yokusebenza, imini nobusuku, kwaye oosomajukujuku xa owayeze vaakelani va.

biorhythms zenyanga

Tsirkalunarnye (zenyanga) biorhythms - izingqisho ogama xesha umlinganiselo iintsuku 29,53. Ezi izingqisho eziphilayo bahambelana umjikelo kwenyanga-nyanga, oko umjikelo izigaba kwenyanga.

Iinkqubo ezininzi yesimo kuchaphazela nezihlandlo ukujikeleza kwenyanga ujikeleze umhlaba. Umzekelo, ukutshintsha ukhanyiso ebusuku, ubushushu, uxinzelelo lomoya, lo mhlaba otsalayo komhlaba, ulwalathiso umoya. Zonke ezi nesenzeko ukuba tsirkalunarnyh izingqisho ezi ekhomba okwethutyana.

Xa eziphilayo zaselwandle ifumaneka imizekelo onomtsalane njani ezi izingqisho kuchaphazela iinkqubo ubomi. Umzekelo, iintshulube zaselwandle Palolo abahlala awase, ngo-Oktobha nangoNovemba, zokugqibela iintsuku ezilishumi zomjikelo inyanga, kwaye ngexesha elinye ngexesha elithile ngemini, amanzi eyohlula abe umva wayo, nto leyo izaliswe eziveliswa uhlelo zokuzala. Kuyimfuneko ukuba zizale.

imijikelo Lunar kunye namaxesha amadlozi wenzala kusenokungabikho kuphela synodic (njengoko umzekelo ophelileyo). Kukwakho sigisic kwi kubekho isithuba seentsuku 14.7. Ngokomzekelo, omnye uhlobo iintlanzi afumaneka kwi elunxwemeni Gulf of California, inyanga epheleleyo kunye nenyanga entsha (at amanzi ephakeme) ibeka amaqanda elunxwemeni. Yenzeka kwiintsuku ezili-14 elunxwemeni kwaye emanzini iwela kunye mo elilandelayo.

Ebusuku, njengoko senditshilo, ebangela umahluko sokukhanyisa ebusuku. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba umsebenzi izilwanyana, ezikhokelela ngokuhlwa okanye ebusuku utshintsho yokuphila. Kwanokuba ngaphandle ifuthe ebusuku elabhoratri, nezihlandlo tsirkalunarnyh neenkqubo luhlala. Isenokuba ngenxa neminye imiba enxulumene kumjikelo kwenyanga. Umzekelo, ukuba ukuhla nokunyuka lo mhlaba otsalayo iplanethi yethu.

Umjikelo yenyanga kwakhona kuchaphazela ukukhula kwezityalo. Oku kuboniswa umzekelo ukuhla isithombo hoxa, iitapile kunye imidumba. Kangangethuba elide, khalenda kwenyanga isetyenziswe ukunceda ukumisela ixesha kangangoko imisebenzi yezolimo kunye nokutyala.

biorhythms yonyaka

Circannual (ngonyaka) biorhythms eziphilayo babe kwisithuba oscillation ngunyaka 1 ± 2 iinyanga. Bona ezinxulumene ukujikeleza ilanga yonke iplanethi yethu.

Ezi izingqisho kuvandlakanywa zonke izinto, ukususela ekweleenjiko ukuya kummandla ezibandayo. Mandla kubo yakha phezulu njengoko ukunyuka ngama. Uhlalutyo Isingqisho wavumela abaphandi bagqibe ukuba eziphilayo awayengabemi kummandla polar kwaye ziingcathu, apho umahluko ephawuleka onyaka, kuyabonakala ngokucacileyo. biorhythms minyaka ziquka, okokuqala, ukusabela encomekayo ezenzeka ukuphendula utshintsho kwezendalo parameters ibalulekileyo (imo amanzi, ukwakhiwa ubungakanani kunye nobulunga bokutya, lobushushu).

Okwesibini, kuba impendulo umzimba ukuba imiba yokusingqongileyo uphawu (umz, utshintsho kwi geomagnetic ngamandla endle, photoperiod, kukuvela kumacandelo athile chemical). Kwenzeka umzekelo biorhythm ngeminyaka nomading izenzakalo ukufuduka, ihlobo dormancy nobusika, iinkqubo nezenzala, njalo-njalo. D.

Abaninzi silele isilwanyana kunceda ukuze sisinde ixesha esibi. Akumangalisi ukugqiba ngokuchanileyo izilwanyana ixesha. Bear, umzekelo, xa dya zisoloko yanele kwi obandulela ukuwa. Kwaye yena elele ubuthongo emva koko de Epreli, de ubushushu yi-12 ° C (oko kukuthi, kwiinyanga 5.5). Ngelo xesha, ukuba ikhona ngeendleko kwamafutha amaninzi ekwindla. imfuyo yawo phantse isahlulo sesithathu ubunzima bomzimba wale nkawu. athwale lobushushu emzimbeni ngexesha ubuthongo kuncitshiswa malunga-10 ° C, 3-ulisonge ukunciphisa iibhendi kwayo nokuphefumla. Oku kunceda ukuba wonge imithombo ebalulekileyo amaninzi ngexesha efudumeleyo. Oku kubonisa umzimba isingqi lebhere. Ukuba ungumgqithi isingqisho, kunye neso silwanyana akuthethi walala phantsi emhadini ngenxa yesizathu esithile okanye ngequbuliso Ndavuka phakathi ebusika, oko phantse ikamva. Intonga ohlanganisa iya kuba namandla kakhulu-gazi ezininzi, ezithi buthathaka umzimba, abaphethwe yindlala, iyachuma.

imizekelo ezininzi kwesingqisho ziye zanikezelwa kweli nqaku. Iqinisekisa ukuba zesiganeko jikelele ehlabathini isilwanyana. Biorhythms, koko, zezona sisiqinisekiso ubukho eziphilayo. Umgaqo kwesingqisho ufumaneka kuwo onke amanqanaba nokucwangciswa eziphilayo. Usebenzela ukulungelelanisa umzimba ukuze yokusebenza ngcono kokusingqongileyo.

factor

Ngenxa yoko, siye sahlolisisa isingqisho eziphilayo, yintoni na, ngoku uyazi. Noko ke, sinomdla ekwahluleni ifumaneka kungekhona kweli inzululwazi. Ngokukodwa, abezoqoqosho ziye zagqiba ukuba iqatshelwe kwicandelo mveliso. Ukuba le ndawo, babesazisa ingqiqo ka "isingqi factor." Yena ihlala isebenzela ukuba umanyano. Ngokuqhelekileyo, umba isingqisho imiselwa ngosuku, iintsuku ezilishumi, ngenyanga enye, njl Nge linokuchazwa oko, ingakumbi, ngesidanga ukusetyenziswa ekuveliseni ixesha besebenza. Okuya uba mkhulu umsantsa isantya isingqisho, umjikelo ivelisa izibonelelo luthe nezoqoqosho (ubukhulu becala ixesha zabasebenzi) ichithwe esisiso.