Isifo sesifo sofuba: iimpawu, ukuxilongwa, unyango

Isifo sesifo sofuba sisifo sesibini, ukuphuhliswa kwezinto ezibangelwa yi-mycobacteria. Ubuthakathaka bubunjwa ngokusesikweni kwintsholongwane yokuqala, echaphazela imiphunga okanye emathunjini. Isifo esinjalo siwela kwizitho zangasese ezinesifo somzimba, isithintana okanye iindlela ezinobungozi.

Uhlobo lokusuleleka

Ngokubhekiselele kwiziganeko zeklinikhi kunye nezimo zokuziphatha, isifo sofuba sezitho zomzimba sahlula ngokwahlukileyo:

• Ebuhlungu. Esi sifo senziwa ngeenkqubo ezilukhuni kunye ezinzima.
• Ezingapheliyo. I-Symptomatic kule fom ilula.
• Subacute. Kukho utshintsho olusisigxina kunye noludlulileyo-oluninzi oluguqukayo.
• Inkqubo e gqi Kukho i-encapsulation ye-foci.

Ukongeza, isifo sofuba, esichaphazela izifo zofuzo, sinokusebenza, siphelile kwaye singasebenzi. Kwimeko yokuqala, lesi sifo sihlala iminyaka emi-2, kwaye kwimeko yesibini iyaqhubeka phakathi kwe-2-4. Isifo sofuba singumsebenzi osala emva kokunyanga. Xa ikhosi yesifo kwiminyaka emine iba nzima, ke kukho ukukhushulwa. Yaye ukuba iimpawu zesifo sofuba sentsholongwane zibonakala kuphela emva kweminyaka emininzi, ngoko umbuzo wokuphindaphinda.

Esinye isifo sifakwa ngokuxhomekeka kwimeko yesifo: i-endometrium, i-salpingoophoritis kunye ne-salpingitis. Ibhaktheriya yale nguqulo yesifo sofuba ikwahlula ibe yi-MBT (+) kunye ne-MBT (-).

Izizathu zokuphuhliswa kwezilwanyana

Usulelo lwesifo esinjalo lunokwenzeka nanini na. Ukuba umntu unesigxina esinamandla, i-mycobacteria ayiyi kubonakalisa ngoko nangoko, nto leyo eyenza ukuxilongwa kunzima.

Ngexesha elide ixesha elide lihlala iminyaka kunye namashumi eminyaka, kodwa ngokuqala kwemiba echukumisayo, iimpawu zesifo ziqala ukubonakalisa. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba imisebenzi yokukhusela yomzimba ibuhlungu, ngenxa yokusuleleka kwintsholongwane ehlukeneyo, izifo zangaphakathi, xa ziphelile, ngenxa yoxinzelelo, ixesha elide elibandayo, ukungenelela okutyathwayo.

Xa isifo sofuba sisithinta imiphunga, i-mycobacteria iqala ukusasaza kwizitho zangasese. Ukuba akukho zibonakaliso ezibonakalayo kwinqanaba lokuqala, lesi sifo siya kubumba ngokungathandekiyo. Nangona ubukho bemiqondiso ayisoloko iqinisekisa ukuba i-tuberculosis yomzimba iya kubonakala.

Isifo sesifo sofuba: iimpawu

Imiqondiso ephambili yale ntsholongwane iyakwenzeka ngexesha lokutshatyalaliswa kwintsholongwane. Ichaphazela ikakhulu abameli bezesondo ezibuthathaka ukusuka kwiminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwe-40. Isifo sesifo sofuba emva kwesi sihlandlo siqabile kakhulu.

Esi sifo esithathelwanayo sinokuvela ngaphandle kwempawu ezicacileyo okanye zihluke kwiintlobo zabo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, uphawu olubalulekileyo lwesifo sofuba oluchaphazela izitho zesini kubasetyhini, akunakwenzeka ukukhulelwa komntwana, ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwe-endocrine okanye ukusuleleka kwamathambo omzimba kunye namacandelo omzimba wesisu.

Ezinye iimpawu zesifo sofuba sesisu

Ukongeza, isifo esinjalo sinokuhamba kunye neempawu ezinjengokungahambi kwesidlo, i-amenorrhea, ukunyaniseka okungenasiphelo, ukubola kwesibindi, ubusuku busika, ubuhlungu obukhulu kwisisu esiswini, esivame ukudideka nokukhulelwa kwe-ectopic kunye ne-appendicitis. Ukongeza, kwi-tuberculosis yomzimba, abafazi basoloko bexhalabele ngeengxaki ezingathandekiyo kwisisu esisezantsi kunye ne-fefrile fever.

Ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-mycobacteria yesistim ye-genitourinary system

Olu hlobo lwesifo sofuba lufuna ukuxilongwa ngexesha kunye nokunyango. Esi sifo siqala ngezilonda zesifo sezitho. Okokuqala, iinjongo zixhatshazwa kwaye kuphela emva kokuba u-ureter okanye ibladder.

Isifo sofuba sezitho zangasese kunye nezitho zangasese zakhiwa, njengomthetho, ngexesha lexesha eliphambili le-lesion, ngaphambi kokuphuhliswa kwe-immune system ekukhuleni nasekubuntwaneni. Ngaloo ntlupheko, kudla ngokuphula umthetho wokungcungcuthwa, kunokukhawuleza kwaye kuhambisane nezicucu. Kwezinye iimeko, umchamo uphulukiswa kwiincinci ezincinci.

Xa i-mycobacteria ithintela iinjongo ze-urinary system, kukho i-hematuria, intlungu ephazamisayo kunye neyobuhlungu kwisithili esilungileyo, isithandwa rhoqo kwindlu yangasese ngenxa yokunciphisa amandla e-urea. Isifo eso sikwazi ukukhupha umcimbi we-pyuria apho kwi-pee i-pus iyabonakala okanye i-leucocytes yenziwe.

Isifo sofuba sezitho zobulili kumadoda

Le ntsholongwane ayifanelekanga ithintela abafana abaselula. Ininzi amadoda ayichaphazeleka kwesi sifo phakathi kweminyaka engama-21 no-50, ngeli xesha lokunyuka kwezesondo.

Kukho isifo sesifo sofuba senyama yesini esivame ukufana nefistulous, focal, milary, iifom ezonakalisayo. Izigulane ezine-diagnostic efanayo zikhalaza ngokubonakala kwesilonda entloko ye-penis, ubukho be-fistula crotch okanye i-scrotum, ubomvu besikhumba, ukunciphisa umthamo we-ejaculate, ugugu okanye ukungcola kwegazi kwi-semen, ukungabikho kwengqondo. Ukongezelela kubo bonke abakhulayo kwizitho zobulili, i-orgasm ebuhlungu kunye nokunciphisa amandla.

Abantu abaninzi abanokuxilongwa baziva bebuhlungu obuhlungu obuya kwindawo ye-perineum, inqeni, isithonga. Xa i-mycobacteria ye-prostate gland okanye i-vesin vesicle ichaphazelekayo, ukugqithwa kunye nokuvakalelwa kwexinzelelo kwi-rectum kudla rhoqo.

Iifom zesifo

I-TB ye-Genital kwisondo esomeleleyo ihlelwa kwiifom ezimbini ezibalulekileyo:

• Isigaba esichukumisayo sichaphazela malunga nama-30% abantu. Efanelwe ukukhukhuma ngokukhawuleza kwe-epididymis, intlungu enamandla, ukubuyiswa kwesikhumba se-scrotum, ukushisa komzimba ophezulu, impilo ephosakeleyo, i-chills.
• Isigaba esingapheliyo senzeke kwi-70% yabantu. Isifo esineli fomu li-lethargic kwaye liphuza ngokushisa okuqhelekileyo okanye kufudumele. Kukho iintlungu zesimboli sokudonsa, kukho ukuhlengahlengiswa kwe-scrotum. Ama-appendages amaqabunga anesifo esiqhumayo kwaye esinyameko, esoloko esiyinkimbinkimbi yi-fistula okanye idayiswa kwesikhumba se-scrotum.

Inkqubo yezonyango zesifo kwisini esibuthakathaka

Isifo sofuba sezitho zomzimba zesini, njengomyalo, sibonakaliswa ngumbonakalo owenziwe kunye neempawu ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ngamanye amaxesha uphawu olulodwa lwe-pathology ukukwazi ukukhulelwa. Ukungabi nalutho kukhula ngenxa yeengxaki ze-endocrine, umonakalo kwizigulane ze-fallopian okanye i-endometrium.

Uninzi lwezigulana zijongene nokuphulwa komsebenzi wokuya esikhathini: i-amenorrhea eyiprayimari neyesekondari, yenyanga engavumelekanga, i-oligomenorrhea. Kukho ukungasebenzi ngendlela efanayo emzimbeni wesetyhini ngenxa yokuxhatshazwa ngokuxilonga, izilonda zecala elixhamlayo lomfazi ngaphakathi kwesibeleko kunye ne-parenchyma ye-ovary.

Isifo sofuba sezitho zobulili kwabesetyhini sinenkinga engapheliyo. Ngale fom, iinkqubo zokukhululwa kwamanzi ezivuthayo ezivela egazini zibe zizicubu. Iqondo lokushisa livame ukuphakama ukuya kwidijibrile. Kukho ukugubha kunye nokutsala ukuvalelwa kwintlungu engaphantsi kwesisu esiswini, njengokwakhiwa kokunamathela kwi-pelvis encinci, i-atherosclerosis yezitho zangasese zangaphakathi kunye ne-hypoxia ye-tissu.

Isifo sofuba sezitho zangasese kunye neenguqu ezidlulayo kunye neengxaki zibonakaliswa yimpawu zokuxila:

• Ukulahleka kwesisindo;
• Umkhuhlane wexesha;
• Ubuthathaka kunye nokukhathala;
• Ukungabi nomnqweno wokutya.

Kwaye amantombazana anomzimba wesifo sofuba angaphazamiseka yimpawu ze "esiswini esiswini", kuba i-peritoneum ibandakanyeke kwinkqubo. Ngamanye amaxesha le meko ibangela ukuhlinzwa ngenxa yokukrokra kokukhulelwa kwe-ectopic, i-appendicitis okanye ukuphuka kwezicubu ze-ovary.

Ukuxilongwa kwezilwanyana

Isifo sofuba sezitho zobulili kwiimeko ezininzi zifumaneka ngexesha loviwo nge-gynecologist. Ngelo xesha, abafazi bajika ezinye izizathu. Kwizixhobo ezikhoyo zikho utshintsho ezibonakalayo xa inkqubo yokuvuvukala inokuphuhliswa kuyo. Xa ugqirha unokrokrelwa kwesi sifo, uthumela izigulane kwi- dispensary ye-TB.

Kwisi sikhungo sezokwelapha, ibhinqa lifumana uluhlu olupheleleyo lwezinto zokuxilonga. Into yokuqala uza kuthatha uvavanyo olukhethekileyo lwesikhumba ukuze abone ukuvuvukala kwesifo sofuba emzimbeni. Ukufumanisa isifo, i-smear esuka kwipatheni yesini. Ukufumanisa i-mycobacteria isifo sofuba sisasaza kwi-diagnostic PCR.

Ukuxilongwa kwesifo sofuba esifanelekileyo kubandakanya ukuphunyezwa kwe-hysterosalpingography. Le nkqubo ikuvumela ukuba ubone ukuphulwa komntu omnye okanye zombini iibhulo zokuziphatha, isimo sangaphakathi sesisu, isithintelo, ukubambelela.

Xa i-baccius ye- tubercle ifunyanwa kumzimba wesibhambane ngaphandle kwezitho zobulili, i-radiography yomphunga yenziwa. Nangona abafazi baya kufuneka bafumane i-laparoscopy, kuba le nkqubo inokuvumela ukuba uhlolisise izitho zangaphakathi kwaye ubonakalise emzimbeni ukuvuvukala okuxilisayo. Ukongezelela, kunceda ukuhlola ubunzima beenkqubo zokunamathela kwintlambo yeplavic.

Unokuthintela njani ukuphuhliswa kwesifo sofuba somzimba?

Ukuthintela ukuqala kwesi sifo, kubalulekile ukuba uqale usebenze usemncinci. Kwinkomo yokuqala yobomi kuyimfuneko yokwenza isitofu sokulwa nesifo sofuba. I-inoculation ephindaphindiweyo ye-BCG yenziwa nge-7, 12 ne-17. Ukuthintela kuthetha ukuphucula umzimba womzimba nokuqinisa umzimba.

Amanyathelo okunyanga

Ukwelashwa kwesifo sofuba sezitho zangasese kuqhutyelwa kuphela kwi-sanatorium ekhethekileyo, isifo sesifo okanye isifo sokulwa nesifo sofuba. Ukunyanga kwesi sifo usebenzisa iziyobisi zonyango, ngokuqhelekileyo ukudibanisa ubuncinane amabini amayeza ezinyathelo ze-bactericidal. Oku kuthatha ingqalelo ukuphumelela kwabo kunye nokunyamezela.

Amachiza kunyango lwe-TB yesifo sofuba

Ngeenjongo ezinjalo, oogqirha banika: imetazide, streptomycin, rifamp-picin, isoniazid, ethambutol, kanamycin kunye nezinye iziyobisi. Kwiinyanga ezi-12-18 zokuqala, i-biomycin okanye i-kanamycin isetyenziselwa ukudibanisa ne ftyvazid okanye tubazid. Umphumo omuhle udibaniso lwe-ethambutol irifampicin kunye ne-isoniazid ezili-15.

Ukongeza kwiiyobisi zonyango, izigulane zicetyiswa ukuba zisebenzise i-antioxidants kunye namavithamini. I-chemotherapy yanamhlanje inciphisa kakhulu imfuno yokuhlinzwa kwabasetyhini. Ngaphezu koko, kwiimeko zeengxaki ngokukhulelwa kwesifo sofuba, i-plasticity ye-tubes ayikhuthazwa.

Khumbula ukuba unyango olunjalo luyinkqubo enokuchitha ixesha kunye nexesha elide elifuna umonde omkhulu kwisigulane.