Isele Thwebula: features zokuphila kunye nokuzalana

Enye iintlobo ezininzi ezininzi zezilo yi isele YamaSilamsi (Thwebula arvalis) - ummeli wendlela kwiklasi emanzini. Kuyinto eqhelekileyo kwiingingqi ezininzi amadama kunye nobunzima kuhlala kulo myezo.

ukubonakala

Olu hlobo frog yi ubungakanani ezahlukeneyo enkulu, lafikelela ubude ubuninzi 7 cm. Eyona nto awayebalasele isicheme elibukhali-nose. Kukho ezinye iinkalo isakhiwo umzimba. Ngoko, xa ukudibanisa imilenze perpendicularly ukuya ezimanyeneyo umzimba, amalunga namaqatha musa kufika omnye. Abaliqela ubukhulu becala ezi amasele calcaneal tuber lwangaphakathi. Nguye ubude yaye ngaphezu kwesiqingatha ubude yonke ngomnwe.

Ngenxa imibala abayinqobo kuye, YamaSilamsi frog phantse angabonakali ingca. Le kokusemva umbala omdaka unokuba omthubi, ezipinki, umthunzi ezahlukeneyo yomnquma. akulula ibekwe amabala shapeless mnyama ezohlukeneyo ngobukhulu. Kunye ngasemva amaxesha idlule komcu ukukhanya. Ukususela iliso egxalabeni yolula ndawo emnyama, owenza umsebenzi afihle ngelixa kuzingela. Iinkunzi bungabonakala calluses zomtshato rough, ibekwe phezu iinzwane zeenyawo ngaphambili, kwakunye umbala oluhlaza lomzimba, apho lithi libe ngexesha lokukhwela. kuna Iminyaka ubomi iminyaka eli-12.

ukwanda

Phantse kuyo yonke indawo kumazwe aseYurophu ihlalwa YamaSilamsi frog, kukho ifoto ethathiweyo kweli nqaku. Kule ndawo emantla ukuhanjiswa yayo kuphela eScandinavia, emazantsi - eYugoslavia naseRomania. ERashiya, uluhlu lweentlobo isusela kuLwandle White ukuya esezantsi ye Don kummandla Rostov, kuquka Western eSiberia kunye Urals.

ezihlala

AmaHlathi ihlathi-emathafeni izowuni - indawo engundoqo apho abaninzi kakhulu uhlale lolu hlobo ngamasele. Ezintabeni, izikhathi zingafunyanwa kummandla zeAltai, kwintaba ephakame akukho ngaphezulu kwe 2140 yeemitha ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle ezintabeni zeCarpath, ukuba ezinobude ka-987 m. Aphila phantse kuyo yonke indawo, ukukhetha imimandla zombini emanzi neyomileyo. Xa ezinamagqabi avuthulukayo amahlathi mixed ukhetha ukuthatha uhlangothi lwayo, glades. Ungathanda ukuba ahlale kuloo mathafa konogumbe, anemigxobhozo kwizihlambo ayegqunyelelwe, nemiqolomba zengca zizityebi. Kuqhelekile ukuva ukuhlangabezana ezi eziphila kwi lezolimo olimekayo amazwe, iigadi kunye nkqu kwiipaki zasezidolophini kunye nezitiya.

indlela yokuphila

Njengazo zonke ezinye izilwanyana eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini, isele Thwebula unokuba umsebenzi eyahlukileyo, oko kuxhomekeke lobushushu kuma kulo. Xa kuqala ubusika, liphelelwa mobile. Ukukwazi kwezi eziphila kuphefumla kuphela emiphungeni, kodwa yonke ngaphezulu elufeleni kufuna kwindawo efumileyo. umoya owomileyo unako ukutshabalalisa kubo. Ngoko ke, ixesha elininzi isele ichitha emanzini, maxa wambi kude ichibi kumgama akukho kweemitha ngaphezu kwama-20. Zingakotshwa efihliweyo phantsi neengcambu zemithi, awile, ingca zamafu. Eyona ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka xa ukufuma ungaphezulu kwe-85%.

Ekwindla, ngoSeptemba okanye Oktobha, isele ingena sokuHayibhaneyitha. Ubuchitha phezu komhlaba, ezimela imingxuma kiimpuku ubudala, kwizikhondo ezibolileyo okanye emagumbini.

ukudla

Ukutya esingundoqo amasele ke izinambuzane. Kaninzi oku ooqongqothwane, iingcongconi, imibungu. Ngaba zazidlala ukuze ndidle molluscs isele YamaSilamsi, izigcawu, yimisundululu kunye nezinye ezingenamqolo. Uhlobo lwamandla uxhomekeke kakhulu zokuhlala kunye lonyaka. amasele Hunt ngolwimi elide incangathi, leyo phantse nangoko ukuqonda ixhoba.

Bona ngokwabo bedla kwindima lixhoba. Iinyoka, iingwamza, ama, Ingekalili, ferrets, iimbila, iimpungutye kunye nabanye abameli ezininzi zehlabathi izilwanyana ixhoba rhoqo kwi ngamasele. Tritons simunce amaqanda abo, ezidla oohlabamanzi kunye beetle - tadpoles. Kubonakala ekudleni YamaSilamsi frog zabo iintlanzi.

buphindwe

Ukuchitha ingxenye enkulu yokuphila kwabo phezu komhlaba, zizala ezi amasele ngokuqinisekileyo emanzini. Oku kwenzeka entwasahlobo ekuqaleni, xa ubushushu bamanzi lisingisa 5⁰S, kodwa hayi zanyibilika ngokupheleleyo ikhephu. Ubude bexesha yokuzala incinane. NgoMeyi, emva ubuninzi iintsuku-25, oko kukuthi, njengokuba umthetho, ukuba sele ophela.

Ukuze ujungujungu frog Thwebula ukhetha amadama ikakhulu ezikumila yethutyana - umgquba umsebenzi, izadunge, izisele. Emazantsi shallows enengca ubunzulu-40 cm, imazi ibeka amaqanda, nto leyo inokuthabatha ithuba amaqanda 300 ukuya kwizigidi ezi-3. Netoti lamaqanda umalunga 7 mm. Emva koko, imazi ishiya umzimba emanzini, Yayizimele phantsi amagqabi okanye moss. Inkunzi uhlala lelokugada wamatye, bekhwaza yokugoqoza abantu ezayo.

Development kwamaqanda ithatha ukusuka kwiintsuku ezi-5 ukuya ku-21 ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko zemozulu. Ubude Imibungu ukuqanduselwa akazange ngaphezulu 8 mm. uphuhliso lwabo iyaqhubeka iintsuku 37-90. Tadpoles imibala emnyama, isiphelo umsila walatha kabini ubude umzimba. Ngenyanga yesibini ebomini bazilungise ngemilenze, uphefumlele yemiphunga, kwaye kukho resorption komsila. NgoJuni okanye ngoJulayi kukho ezimnyaka mnye.

eliphezulu kakhulu ukufa inzala YamaSilamsi Isele. Phantse isiqingatha amaqanda kunye tadpoles kubulawa ngokunxulumene wokwaphusa lwemizimba yamanzi. On amadobo sphagnum abaninzi babulawa Ukuba muncu amanzi. Ngenxa yoko, phambi silungelelanise fingerlings ukuphila okungcono, 3% lamaqanda libaziseko.

Ukugcina sivalelwe

Okubonwayo Herbal kunye YamaSilamsi frog ingqinwa yokuba umahluko phakathi kwabo ekuthinjweni phantse namnye. Imele ibe bhokisi encinane (30-40 iilitha), ezithi watyala izityalo kwaye amalungiselelo echibini. Kufuneka ube mkhulu ngokwaneleyo ngobukhulu, kodwa nzulu. isikhongozeli Top igutyungelwe enemingxuma ukuthintela abemi yokuphuma. Akukho ukufudumeza ezongezelelweyo okanye ukukhanyisa isele ehlala YamaSilamsi akudingeki.