Isakhiwo yokwakheka kwemiphunga abantu

Ubume isixokelelwano sokuphefumla yabantu iqinisekisa umsebenzi wayo emzimbeni ukuba ukunika exchange negesi. inkqubo yokuphefumla yabantu iqulathe yomoya kwaye isebe zokuphefumla kwasekwa alveoli. Airways kuquka nakumarhanana, kwingqula, uqhoqhoqho, bronchi. Komoya itshiswe, moisturized, icocwe ngothuli. Isebe yokuphefumla kunaniselwano igesi yokuphefumla kwenzeka oksijini carbon dioxide. Cinga isakhiwo kwemiphunga yabantu.

Imiphunga esifubeni, uthabathe inxenye enkulu kulo. imiphezulu zabo, ngaphandle ingcambu isahlulo igutyungelwe pleura visceral. Phakathi iimakhishithi ye Parietal kunye pleura visceral yi kwisisu avaliweyo pleural.

Ngokusebenzisa iingcambu ngokulula zingadityaniswa kwi engundoqo bronchi, igazi kunye nkovu neempahla, imithambo-luvo.

isakhiwo Segmental kwemiphunga abantu

Ifom lung ekunene isithinzi ezintathu, ekhohlo - ezimbini. lobe ngalinye lenziwa komsindo. Laba iyunithi noshowo kwaye olusebenzayo emiphungeni. ingxenye esonka yephiramidi, enkcochoyini ukuya ingcambu kwemiphunga, noseko - ukuya pleura. Umda phakathi ziqwempu lo kwizicwili, emagumbini apho zikhona iimpahla intersegmental.

Kwi ekunene lobe eliphezulu kwemiphunga ubunjwe apical, cipande kunye ngomva ziqwempu, i-avareji - ukusuka ngaphandle nangaphakathi, emazantsi - eliphezulu ngomva-medial, Basal, Basal akudala, Basal osecaleni ngomva amacandelo Uhlobo Lokuqala.

Kwemiphunga ushiye lobe eliphezulu ihlanganise apical, ngomva, cipande, inxalenye ephezulu nizhneyazychkovy, ephantsi - ngomva-medial Basal ephezulu, Basal akudala, Basal osecaleni ngomva Basal.

Kwemiphunga ushiye medial ingxenye carcinomas iyahlozinga, kwaye apical kunye ngomva babe bronchus eqhelekileyo.

ingxenye Bronchopulmonary lusisisekelo yokwakheka, nokomzimba kunye lwezonyango, apho uphuhliso inkqubo zophendlo lwezifo uyabonakala.

imithambo pulmonary ngemithambo zenza inkqubo ejikeleza yemiphunga, nto leyo ifakiwe isakhiwo inkqubo yokujikeleza ngayo loo mntu. Iqala isangqa encinane buti pulmonary, edulusele ngaphandle kwe ventricle ekunene kwaye uthwala igazi lwemithambo emiphungeni. Xa alveoli kwemiphunga Exchange igesi kwenzeka, apho igazi ahlanganiswe oksijini udlula yegazi pulmonary kungena intendelezo ekhohlo. igazi flow ezimele emiphungeni kunye bronchi ezinikiweyo kwemithambo inyumoniya ngemithambo, ukubayinxalenye kwenkqubo enkulu ejikelezayo.

Le nkovu avela kude emiphungeni ngokusebenzisa iimpahla emithanjeni ka ku kuso aka kwemiphunga, badlula ngendlela yayo phakathi kwiindawo nkovu. Inani elikhulu nodes nkovu kufuphi bronchi engundoqo kunye noqhoqhoqho.

Innervation kwezixhobo bronchopulmonary ngendleko kwenkqubo novelwano kunye parasympathetic luvo.

Ubume kwemiphunga yabantu umsebenzi zokuphefumla

Isakhiwo yokwakheka kwemiphunga yabantu Sibahlangule nokuphefumla lwangaphandle. Ubonelela ukuba umoya yemiphunga nezengekho nokuhanjiswa yeegesi ngokusebenzisa njengomqobo air-gazi. Ukusebenza jikelele isixokelelwano sokuphefumla, nokuphefumla yegazi kunye cellular yenza inkqubo esebenza lakhe intsebenziswano sibhekiswe ukulondoloza zesiqhelo iinkqubo pathways emzimbeni.

Ukongeza umsebenzi yokuphefumla, ukwenza lula ezahlukeneyo imisebenzi non-nokuphefumla: pathways, thermoregulatory, secretory, isithintelo, excretory. Bona inxaxheba kwiinkqubo ezininzi eziphilayo. Ngokuba imisebenzi non-nokuphefumla emiphungeni nazo ziquka anti-ukudumba kunye ngumzimba.

Kufuneka esweni ngenyameko imeko emiphungeni kwaye uzame ukuba baphile ubomi obusempilweni.