Inkqubo yoQoqosho lwezoTyalo - iimpawu kunye nemigaqo

Inkqubo yezoqoqosho kwimarike ngumzekelo woqoqosho oluxhomekeke kwi-market self-regulation kwaye isebenza ngesiseko sobudlelwane bemali kunye nempahla yabucala.

Kule meko, kuphela abathengi ngokwabo kunye nabathengisi abazithe ngqo beempahla kunye neenkonzo zakha isakhiwo sokuhambisa.

Inkqubo yezoqoqosho yemarike isebenza kuphela kuphela xa imigaqo ethile ibonwa ngobudlelwane bamashishini ezoqoqosho.

1. Inkululeko yoqoqosho

Lo mgaqo uthetha ukuba iqumrhu ngalinye lezoqoqosho likhokelwa yiminqweno yalo kwaye lijongene nezenzo zalo. Okufunekayo ukuphunyezwa kwalo mgaqo yipropati yabucala, eyongeza kwipropati, ingeniso kunye nemithombo yokuvelisa.

Ngomrhwebi, inkululeko yezoqoqosho ithetha ithuba lokuqalisa ishishini lakho kuyo nayiphi na intsimi kwaye ufezekise injongo yokuphucula imali yakho engenayo kwiprojekthi ngeendlela zonke ezisemthethweni.

Umthengi, inkululeko yezoqoqosho inika uluhlu olubanzi lweempahla kunye neenkonzo, ukufikelela ekusebenziseni ngokufanelekileyo kwimali yabo ngeniso ukuze bafumane ixabiso eliphezulu kubo.

2. Ukhuphiswano

Lo mgaqo uthetha ukukhuphisana nokufezekiswa kweyona nto inomdla. Ukhuphiswano alukwazi ukuba khona ngaphandle kwenkululeko yezoqoqosho, kwaye ngaphandle kwayo inkqubo yezoqoqosho-based isingenakwenzeka.

Kukho ukhuphiswano olungaphelelekanga nokungaphelelekanga. Iyokuqala ichaza iimeko ezininzi:

- inani elikhulu labathengi kunye nabakhiqizi, ukuze kungabikho mntu onokunyanzelisa kwaye aqikelele intengo kwimarike;

- wonke umthengi kunye nomthengisi unethuba lokungena ngokuthe ngqo kwimarike (inxaxheba kwimveliso, ukuthengwa okanye ukuthengiswa) kwaye uhambe ngokukhululekile (ukuyeka ukuthatha inxaxheba), kuba akukho mithintelo yomthetho neyentlangano kulo;

- iimpahla zeemarike ezithile zilingana ngokulinganayo kumgangatho okanye ngokulinganayo, oko kukuthi, ababoneleli ngenzuzo kubathengi ngaphaya komnye (bonke abathengi ngexesha elinye lifana nabathengisi);

- Abathengi kunye nabathengisi banolwazi ngokubanzi malunga namaxabiso emarike kwaye bayazi imeko kwimarike;

- Abathengi kunye nabathengisi abanalo ithuba lokudibanisa ukuze bafumane izibonelelo.

Ukhuphiswano olungaphelelanga luqala xa enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezimo zingentla ziphulwa.

Inkqubo yemarike ihlala ikhona kwiimeko zokungabikho kokungafezekanga, kuba akunakwenzeka ukuhlangabezana nazo zonke iimfuno zomgangatho opheleleyo.

3. Ukuzilawula

Lo mgangatho uthetha ukuba, nangona kuninzi inani labathengi kunye nabathengi, ukungafani okukhulu kwimicimbi, imisebenzi yabo ixoxisana ngokuzenzekelayo, ngenxa yokhuphiswano kunye nokubunjwa kwamahhala kwamaxabiso. Inkqubo yezoqoqosho yemarike ibonisa ukuba amaxabiso akhiwa ngokuvumelana kwemvume yabathengi kunye nabavelisi.

Lo mgaqo wokuzithengisa imarike kuqala wenziwe ngu-Adam Smith, owayehlala eNgilani ngenkulungwane ye-18. Encwadini yakhe ethi Wealth of Nations wabonisa ingcamango yokuba ukuzingca kwezoqoqosho, oko kukuthi, umnqweno wokuziqonda iimfuno zomntu, obangela umenzi ukuba akwazi ukwenza izinto abathengi abafunayo, ngelixa ubona inani elincinci lempahla. "Isandla esingabonakaliyo seemarike" sichaza umenzi kwiinjongo ezinjalo, ezingenakuphi na zonke eziphathelene nenjongo yakhe yasekuqaleni.

Yilokho esilubona ngoku: uqoqosho lweemarike yincembelelo engcono ekuphuhliseni inceba, intlalo yoluntu, uphuhliso lwetheknoloji kunye nokuphuculwa komgangatho wokuphila jikelele.

Ngaloo ndlela, inkqubo yezoqoqosho yemarike ithatha ukuba umntu ngamnye, phantsi kweempembelelo zakhe, uya kukhetha ukwenza izenzo eziza kulungelelanisa imfuno yoluntu.