Inkqubo yolawulo lomgangatho kwi sakhiwo: imigaqo esisiseko

Umda ukwakhiwa luphawulwa ummiselo osemthethweni ngokwaneleyo engqongqo. Kukho iqela izithethe kunye nemigangatho eziphuhliswe yi-arhente karhulumente kwaye inyanzelekile ukuba umqambi. Nangona kunjalo, kuqoqosho eemarike kuphela alandelayo kungaba zaneleyo ngokubhekiselele ekwakheni inkampani yokwakha ishishini olusebenzayo modeli. Le nkampani kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo ngakumbi kulo msebenzi wabo esweni umgangatho lwenziwa ukongeza kwezo mfuno, ezibhaliswe kwinqanaba mthetho. Zeziphi ezi nkcukacha kule ndawo msebenzi developers? Yintoni kuba isitshixo iikhrayitheriya lokuhlola umgangatho umsebenzi wokwakha?

Umongo iinkqubo zolawulo lomgangatho zokwakha

Makhe sifunde ukuba ukuqala Okukodwa lwesigama ngokusebenzisa umxholo kuthethwa. Umbutho kolawulo umgangatho imisebenzi yokwakha - nemcimbi ejoliswe ekuqinisekiseni ukuthotyelwa lomphuhlisi kunye namahlakani ayo zobugcisa, ezoqoqosho kunye neminye imigangatho eyamkelwe kuwiso-mthetho okanye ethile kwinqanaba ngobuhlobo.

Xa umgangatho iiprojekthi yokwakha ngokuqhelekileyo bendiqonda uluhlu iimpawu zazo kubalwa ngokuthi kususelwe lwezakhiwo-ezakhiwe injongo okanye izakhiwo. Ukongeza, umgangatho wokwakha unako kuqikelelwa ngokusekelwe amagatya imithombo olumisiweyo yomthetho, ezifana njengondwendwe. Apho kusebenzayo oku, nako ingqalelo imigangatho amazwe.

Ukuhlelwa yokwakha projekthi amanqanaba umgangatho

Yamkela zibonelela amazinga eziliqela wobunjani yokwakha amaziko ezibonelelo. Makhe sihlole kubo.

Okokuqala, yinto kwinqanaba emisiweyo. Apha, ulawulo ukwakha lwenziwa ngokwesiseko ukuthotyelwa parameters yenjongosenzi kunye nemigangatho ye-EU, iinkcukacha kunye nezinye ukuba zisetyenziswe kwicandelo uphuhliso lwezoqoqosho, leyo inento yokwenza umsebenzi yeDevelopment kunye neziphumo zawo.

Okwesibini, lo mgangatho. It ikuvumela ukuba ukuvavanya umgangatho wokwakha isebenza ngokwesiseko zazinemilinganiselo ziyafumaneka kwi isibakala ukwakhiwa umbhekisi phambili isakhiwo okanye isakhiwo phantsi isivumelwano. Njengoko umthetho, umlinganiselo ngqo kuxhomekeke kubungakanani apho umphuhlisi iikhrayitheriya ezichazwe ngokusekelwe amagatya imithombo emisiweyo.

Okwesithathu, khupha i ebizwa ngokuba yi-level yokusebenza wobunjani iiprojekthi zokwakha. Yena ibandakanya uvavanyo kwinqanaba yomboleki ngayo. yokutyumba yakhe kakhulu kwangaphambili ukuthelekisa umgangatho esakhiweni kunye neenqobo alawulayo, kodwa kusenokwenzeka kunye nendlela ayinyani. Njengomgaqo, imilinganiselo mgangatho kuphela omisiweyo mvumelwano phakathi umphuhlisi kunye abathengi. Ke lawo anokuthetha ukunyuka kohlolo lwentsebenzo asezantsi ngokususela kwintsebenzo wokuqala isakhiwo okanye isakhiwo, idla akukho osemthethweni. Kodwa mhlawumbi, Kakade ke, kuchaphazela ithemba kwisigqibo phakathi yomthengi umbhekisi phambili kwezivumelwano ezintsha.

Indlela edityanisiweyo njengendlela ngayo ishishini

Xa inkqubo yolawulo lomgangatho mihla kwi sakhiwo, njengoko umthetho, ithathele ingqalelo imiqathango kuwo onke 3 amanqanaba Uphononongo lomsebenzi we nkampani leyo. Kuthetha ntoni oku?

Kuqala kwinto zonke, ngenxa yokuba iminqongo umphuhlisi, athi abenoxanduva umgangatho usakha kunye namaziko, wenze usukelo lwabo ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa ngokupheleleyo kunye neziphumo ngqo zombini iimfuno zolawulo kunye nokulindelwe zabaxumi.

ingqalelo Ukwanda Kwakhona kunikezelwa ukufunda yokuqala imiqathango yesivumelwano ngokuqinileyo kunye namaqabane ukuba iinqobo ezisemgangathweni ezifunwayo kunye nendlela yokuhlola umsebenzi lomphuhlisi. Njengomgaqo, kule omabini amaqela anomdla. Umthengi - ngokwemiqathango yokubangela esakhiweni ukuba nayo yonke imiqathango yokusebenza oyifunayo. Developer - ngokoMthetho ngokomeleza ubudlelwane HIV kunye neqabane kunye nesiphelo amathuba kunye nabo izivumelwano ezintsha.

kulwakhiwo

Ukubeka iliso umgangatho umakhi iziphumo enokwenziwa ngaphakathi sikhokelo izinto ezifana kweliso yokwakha. Yintoni umongo wayo?

ulawulo lomgangatho Construction ikhutshwa phandle imibutho abanolwazi ukuba benze imisebenzi ejoliswe ekubhaqeni kokulandelwa izigaba ezahlukeneyo ukuphunyezwa umphuhlisi isebenza neemfuneko zolawulo kunye neminye imiqathango emiselwe. Kwezinye iimeko, imisebenzi ekuthethwa, ukuze ezinxulumene novavanyo hayi nje umgangatho imveliso - ngxexesha ethile kwimveliso wayo; kodwa ukufumanisa izinga nokufaneleka izinto ezisetyenziswa zokwakha, uvavanyo kwinqanaba emfundo kwabasebenzi yenkampani-lomphuhlisi. Konke kuxhomekeke kuhlobo amagama kuya kubandakanya isibonelelo ulawulo lomgangatho kuwo kulwakhiwo - engundoqo intra-uxwebhu, apho ubhala iikhrayitheriya nokuvavanya ukusebenza umakhi, ngokunjalo iindlela zabo uhlalutyo.

Kodwa umthetho, weyona misebenzi obabuthandwa lokongamela - ukugqiba ukuba iyathotyelwa izakhiwo ezigqityiweyo okanye uvandlakanyo lweziphumo eziphakathi lomphuhlisi ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zolawulo. Imisebenzi ye imibutho echaphazelekayo ixesha elide ngokwaneleyo kwasekuqaleni wentsebenziswano kunye kwinkampani lokwakha. Ngenxa yoko, kweliso lobugcisa sidityaniswe kwi umsebenzi kwisifundo sele kwinqanaba kuyilo lo. Iingcali zamaziko achaphazelekayo bakwazi ukuthatha inxaxheba kuphuhliso amaxwebhu anxulumene kuyilo uqikelelo, ukuba umzobo phezulu ishedyuli yokwakha. Kweli nqanaba iingcali ezininzi zikholelwa omnye isitshixo kuba, njengoko sibonile ngentla apha, lo mgangatho wobunjani iziphumo umphuhlisi ubukhulu becala igqitywa ukubambelela kwimigangatho. Ngaba becala esisigxina kuyilo kunye Uqikelelo imithombo.

Ngenxa yoko, ukusebenza kwenkqubo umgangatho iqala ngexesha ukulungiselela amaxwebhu asetyenziswe ekwakheni. Oko kuya ezihambe ngokweenkcukacha indlela imithombo yedatha, ikakhulu kugqiba eziphumo zokuphela konyaka umsebenzi lomphuhlisi.

amaxwebhu Regulatory sokuhlola umgangatho wokwakha

Ekubeni inkalo olumisiweyo kulawulo nokwakha - isitshixo, kuya kuba luncedo ukuba ukuhlola ezichaphazela zamaxwebhu apho ezo migangatho ezithathwayo ukuze yovavanyo ekumgangatho abhalwe. Imithombo uhlobo olufanelekileyo yamkelwe kwimigangatho karhulumente, iikhowudi yokwakha, uyilo olululo Uqikelelo amaxwebhu, iincwadi, imigangatho yomzi-mveliso. Ngokuqhelekileyo, omnye okanye omnye umthombo edibene namanye - kwinqanaba kwisifundo kumgaqo, okanye amalungiselelo nanoqhagamshelwano. Kubalulekile ukuba norms ukuba kubhalwe kule mithombo, esamkelwa kumgangatho wesebe okanye kwamacandelo akukho uyaphikisana into yokuba kubonakaliswe mthetho federal.

Yintoni intsingiselo ebonakalayo kwezi imithombo olumisiweyo?

Ukwakha ulawulo ufuna i ukubandakanyeka NAP echaphazelekayo, okokuqala, ngenxa yabo, yaye okwesibini, umphuhlisi unako ukulandela kubo, ekusombululeni iingxaki indalo kwezentlalo nezoqoqosho, kuthathelwa ingqalelo imiba yokusingqongileyo kunye nezinye iikhrayitheriya engenakuthanani ngokungqalileyo kwishishini, kodwa kubaluleke ngokwemigaqo yendawo uluntu umqambi.

La maxwebhu ngawo, igalelo ngesisombululo nxaxheba yemarike zokwakha imisebenzi efana nale:

- ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa iziphumo kweenjongo ezabekwayo ekuqaleni;

- ukukhuthaza zokwakha uxanduva lwentlalo esixekweni, loo mmandla, kwezinye iimeko - kwinqanaba federal;

- ukudalwa igama umakhi-level omkhulu ekuhlaleni loshishino, ngokubambisana kunye nabasemagunyeni ngokuqinileyo zoluntu, abantu;

- ukunceda umphuhlisi ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kokusingqongileyo imisebenzi kule yotshintsho uzobe olwenziwe ngocoselelo umsebenzi;

- ukukhuthaza ukuphuculwa kweenkqubo umgangatho wolawulo iiprojekthi zokwakha kwiinkampani ezithile, kwindawo yoshishino mali luphela.

Izinto kule migangatho ixabiso kunye nemithetho imithombo

Iinjongo eziphambili semgangathweni kumaxwebhu zokwakha uthathwa ukuba ube:

- yombutho, zobugcisa, imigaqo methodological kunye nemigangatho efunekayo ngexesha umsebenzi umphuhlisi;

- iintlobo ezithile izakhiwo kunye izakhiwo zakhiwe ezihlola zokwakha;

- izinto zokwakha, kunye nezinye iintlobo zemveliso mveliso esetyenziswa yi kwabaphuhlisi ngethuba lomsebenzi;

- imigangatho zentlalo-qoqosho, leyo iza kucacisa ukuba iindleko zokwakha, utyalo-mali nomtsalane lé umsebenzi umphuhlisi, ithemba ukuqeshwa kwabemi kwishishini elithile okanye mveliso.

Makhe sihlolisise ngokweenkcukacha ubume imithombo, nto leyo isetyenziswa kuvavanyo umgangatho umsebenzi wokwakha.

amaxwebhu Regulatory kulawulo ekwakheni: yokuhlela

La maxwebhu ngawo, yahlulwe yaba ndidi ziphambili zilandelayo:

- imithombo yase komthetho;

- NPA yengingqi;

- indawo NPA;

- kwamacandelo kunye imithombo ezisemthethweni zendawo.

inkqubo esemgangathweni zolawulo kwisakhiwo, ezilungiselelwe yi ishishini yanamhlanje ifuna ngokutsha engqinelanayo zonke iintlobo ezi maxwebhu - ngamnye kubo kunokuba ezibalulekileyo ngokwemigaqo zovavanyo olusebenzayo iziphumo lomphuhlisi. Makhe sifunde iimpawu uhlobo ngalunye lesixhobo imithetho iinkcukacha ezingaphezulu.

imithombo Federal namazinga

Njengoko kuba imithombo komthetho federal, ezi ziquka ikakhulu imigangatho karhulumente kunye neekhowudi yokwakha. Ngokumalunga kwimigangatho karhulumente - ukuba esisigxina amalungiselelo mandatory okanye kucetyiswa ezichaza parameters neempawu izinto ezithile izakhiwo, ukwakha izixhobo eziyilelwe ukunika inkqubo emanyeneyo nxaxheba kwimarike real estate ukuqinisekisa umgangatho womsebenzi. imithetho yokwakha zichaza kusisinyanzelo iimfuno iinkampani zokwakha ingqalelo kwenziwa ikhosi yokwenza izivumelwano imisebenzi, kwakunye nemigaqo engundoqo ekhokela abaphuhlisi ezinqwenelekayo.

Olunye uhlobo ngemithombo nemimiselo federal, ukugcinwa elifuna lombutho kwenkqubo yolawulo lomgangatho osebenza ekwakhiweni - iiseti lwemithetho. Okukodwa wabo ukuba ukulungisa amalungiselelo kakhulu kucetyiswa malunga izithethe kunye nemigangatho abaphuhlisi ezilandelayo.

imithombo, ogama kolawulo obugubungele ummandla iphela Russian Federation, Demand nazo izikhokelo. Ke fixed zombini imithetho ayisosinyanzelo kwaye kucetyiswa elawula ukusetyenziswa imithetho ethile kunye nemigangatho.

zengingqi ANP

kweliso Ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwenzeka ngokuphathelele kumalungiselelo NPA yengingqi. Eyona uhlobo imithombo yomthetho onxulumene didi kuthethwa - imimiselo sendawo kwishishini lokwakha. Bona anamalungiselelo inyanzelekile ukuba iinkampani ezisebenza kwisifundo ethile Russian Federation. imimiselo Local angathatha ingqalelo indawo ethile wejografi iiprojekthi zokwakha,, iimpawu zentlalo noqoqosho zemozulu kummandla, kodwa ngenxa yokuba ibalulekile lokulawula umgangatho wokwakha.

imithombo Industry nemimiselo yendawo

Urhwebo kunye imithombo yendawo - esinye umbhekisi phambili ebalulekileyo lolu xwebhu. Ezi ziquka, ngokukodwa ke, imilinganiselo amashishini kunye nemibutho yoluntu. Ukuba iseke iimfuno kwiinkalo ezithile zemveliso: umzekelo, ukulawula indlela msebenzi kufuneka zibe nolawulo lomgangatho imisebenzi ufakelo zombane zokwakha. Asimele ichasane nezibonelelo le mimiselo yase kanye engingqi.

isishwankathelo

Ngoko ke, amaxwebhu zokwakha inokuquka imigaqo ayisosinyanzelo kwaye kuphakanyiswe normy.Sledovanie kubo - kwiimpawu ezibalulekileyo ngokwakha ushishino olusebenzayo.

inkqubo yolawulo lomgangatho kwi sakhiwo, eququzelelwe abakhi, sibonisa, njengoko umthetho, uhlalutyo ngokwaneleyo oluneenkcukacha amalungiselelo kule mithombo kumacandelo nowengingqi nemigangatho ukususela rhoqo nya ubungakanani apho eliphezulu iza kuba ukuvavanya umgangatho wenkampani kwinqanaba yokusebenza, nto leyo ebonisa kakhulu indlela apho imfuno kuya kubakho inkonzo ngokuqinileyo emarikeni.