Inkcazelo Belt izijikelezi kwinkqubo elanga. Main Belt izijikelezi

Inkcazelo yenkqubo elanga iqulethe inkcazelo kuphela malunga iiplanethi asibhozo iPluto, kodwa imibutho emininzi, kuquka inani elikhulu imizimba yesiqalo. Ezi ziquka umbhinqo Kuiper, disc saa, i Oort ilifu, kwakunye ibhanti asteroid. kuya The yokugqibela kuxoxwe ngezantsi.

definition

Igama elithi "njengokuntlithwa" iguqulwe ngu William iHerschel umqambi Charlza Berni. Buthi, Ilizwi eli of imvelaphi lesiGrike, lithetha "ngathi inkwenkwezi". Ukusebenzisa ixesha enjalo iye yanxulunyaniswa nesibakala sokuba ukufunda of spaces bendawo ngokusebenzisa izijikelezi iteleskopu kwabonakala efanayo Star: ebefana point ngokungafaniyo iiplanethi okungafani amavili.

Ngenxa yoko, akukho inkcazo elithi namhlanje. Eyona nkalo iphambili uphawu izinto ibhanti asteroid nezakhiwo ezifanayo - ubukhulu. Umda esezantsi - 50 m ububanzi ezincinane Space umzimba -. Kuyinto Meteor. Nelona qondo liphezulu - netoti i nenomlanga planet Ceres, phantse 1000 km.

Indawo kanti ezinye

Le ibhanti Ibhanti teka umzila iMars Jupiter. Namhlanje kukho ngaphezu 600,000 izinto zayo, apho phezu 400,000 inombolo yabo, okanye igama. Malunga nama-98% ye-lokugqibela - izinto litye ibhanti kude ukusuka elangeni yi kumgama 2.2 ukuya 3.6 AU. Umzimba luninzi phakathi kwabo - Ceres. Kwintlanganiso ye-Mac ngo-2006, yena, kunye iPluto kunye namanye amaqumrhu eziliqela anikwe ubume yiplanethi encinane. Ubukhulu olandelayo UVesta, nguPallas kunye Giga kunye Ceres i-51% ye-ubunzima zizonke ibhanti asteroid.

imilo

umzimba yesiqalo, ziquka luqhwemesha, ukongeza ngokwamacala kusekho inani iimpawu eziphambili. Bonke bephela izinto elulwalwa, wayerhweba nokujikeleza zabo ngeenxa ilanga. Kokuma izijikelezi lwabonisa ukuba, njengokuba umthetho ngayo, rhoqo imilo spin. Imifanekiso ezithathwe kwisiphekepheke, ukuze aphaphazele ngalo ibhanti asteroid kwinkqubo yethu ilanga, ndikumisile ezi mbono. Ngokutsho kwabaphandi, le fomu - isiphumo njalo yangqubana izijikelezi omnye nomnye kunye nezinye izinto.

isakhiwo

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, izazi ziye zachongwa iiklasi ezintathu izijikelezi ngokwezi izinto eziphambili kumafa zabo:

• carbon (uDidi C);
• silicate (class S) ngakumbi ubukho lesilicon;
• metal (M grade).

I-akhawunti yokuqala malunga nama-75% kuzo zonke izijikelezi-langa ezincinane ezaziwayo. Oluhlobo, Noko ke, abanye abaphengululi azithathwa eyamkelekileyo. Ngenxa yazo, i-data ekhoyo musa uthi ngokucacileyo apho isiqalelo egunyileyo imizimba lendalo le ibhanti asteroid.

Ngo-2010, iqela ngeenkwenkwezi wenza ubhaqo umdla malunga nokuqulunqwa izijikelezi. Izazinzulu ziye zafumanisa kumphezulu Themis into enkulu ngokwaneleyo kule ndawo, ice amanzi. Wokufumana iqinisekisa ngokungangqalanga hypothesis ukuba enye imithombo yamanzi phezu Umhlaba base izijikelezi.

ezinye Iimpawu

I-avareji apho izinto ukujikeleza ilanga kule ndawo yi-20 km / s. Kulo mzekelo, omnye revolution ka ibhanti engundoqo asteroid tirhisa emithathu ukuya kwiminyaka Umhlaba elithoba. Kuba inkoliso yabo ephawuleka etyekele kancinane lwe komzila ukuya moya baza - 5-10º. Noko ke, kukho izinto zabo indlela yenza ngehlabathi moya ujikelezo ngeenxa ukukhanya engile umdla kakhulu ukuya 70º. Olu phawu yaba sisiseko ukuhlelwa izijikelezi zibe ezisezantsi ezimbini: caba kunye ukulenza. Utyekelo wezijikelezi yezinto yohlobo lokuqala ngaphantsi kune okanye ilingana 8º, owesibini - libelikulu kunexabiso elibekiweyo.

ukuvela

Ngenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba kuluntu lwezenzululwazi ngokubanzi ngazo hypothesis malunga ungasekhoyo Phaethon. Umgama ukusuka Mars ukuze kuZeyus kakhulu umxhelo, yaye apho banokusipasa komzila kwenye iplanethi. Noko ke, iimbono ezinjalo namhlanje uthathwa lixesha. Izazi Modern balandele version indawo, apho luqhwemesha ngayo izijikelezi-langa ezincinane, umhlaba kwenzeka nje abakwazanga. Isizathu sokuba oku Jupiter. Le ngxilimbela igesi nangoku kwi nisaqala lasungulwa kunempembelelo omxhuzulane kule ndawo, elele kufutshane elangeni. Yena watsala yinxalenye kweziyobisi kulo mmandla. Azikafakwa ngamaqumrhu kaZeyus zathi saa kumacala ahlukeneyo, protoasteroidov ukwandisa isantya, landa inani zingenzi ngozi. Ngenxa yoko, nje wakha ubunzima kunye nomthamo, kodwa ukuvuka amancinci. Iikhosi utshintshwano enjalo amathuba iiplanethi phakathi Jupiter noMars waba zero.

impembelelo njalo

Jupiter kunye namhlanje "angazishiyi yedwa 'ibhanti asteroid. bekukubi yayo enamandla ibangela utshintsho umzila ezinye imizimba. Ngaphantsi impembelelo yawo aba kuthiwa-njalo no-hamba iindawo apho kukho phantse akukho izijikelezi. fly umzimba apha ngenxa kungquzulwano nenye into, zityhalelwa ngaphandle kommandla. Maxa wambi okuwo iyatshintsha ukuze oku kushiya ibhanti asteroid.

amakhonkco ezongezelelweyo

Le ibhanti iphambili njengokuntlithwa ayikho yedwa. Xa emphethweni walo zangaphandle zibekwe imfundo ezimbini efanayo kodwa ayiphucukanga kangako. Enye yezi amakhonkco kubekwe ngqo kwi komzila kaZeyus kwaye imelwe ngamaqela amabini bezinto:

• Apho 'nakumaGrike "ngaphambi giant igesi nama-60º;
• "Trojans" emva inani elifanayo izidanga.

Eyona uphawu la maqumrhu kukho uzinzo yeentshukumo zabo. Kuyenzeka ngenxa indawo izijikelezi-in 'amanqaku आयडेंटीफिकेशन iSazisi ", leyo zilinganiswe nobunzima beencwadi ezi zonke nempembelelo omxhuzulane kwezi zinto.

Nangona asondele kakhulu Umhlaba, ibhanti litye yi ngokwaneleyo zahlolwa ibamba iimfihlelo ezininzi. Eyokuqala kwezi, Kakade ke, imvelaphi imizimba ezincinane kwenkqubo elanga. Kukho ingcebiso kulo mba, nangona bekhalisa bunamandla ngokwaneleyo, Asizanga kodwa wafumana isiqinisekiso ecacileyo.

Babuze imibuzo kwaye ezinye iinkalo ubume izijikelezi. Yaziwa, umzekelo, le nto ibhanti izinto ezinxulumene kwezinye iinkalo ezahlukeneyo kakhulu enye kwenye. Isifundo awayebalasele izijikelezi kunye imvelaphi yabo kuyimfuneko zombini ukuqonda iziganeko ezingaphambi lokusekwa kwenkqubo elanga njengoko sisazi ukuba, nangenxa ukwakhiwa neengcamango malunga neenkqubo lwenzeke kwiindawo ezikude yonke, kwiinkqubo zezinye iinkwenkwezi.