Ingcingo ngokuhlamba: iintlobo gasket, ukhuseleko kunye nokuzeyisa ibandla

Bati - igumbi nokufuma yaye eshushu, kutheni umbane apha uneempawu zawo. Iimeko ezifana ukufuma aphezulu kunye nalo lobushushu inokuba kuchaphazela kakubi iintambo ithuba yokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo zonke iimpahla zombane. Indlela yokwenza iintambo sokuhlambela, kangangokuba ngokwenene ekhuselekileyo? Kukho imithetho embalwa.

Kwimeko ehomereni nga kuthathelwa ingqalelo efanelekileyo kulo umbane ngokusebenzisa intambo elohlukileyo swi engundoqo. Kungakuhle, kucetyiswa ukuba usebenzise kwisiphaluka eyahlukileyo ukumzinzisa. Ngezantsi, sijonga iindlela ngokubekwa iintambo.

Ukubiyelwa ezifihlakeleyo evulekileyo

Bati ugodo, ugodo, okanye nayiphi na enye into yendalo - oku njengeyona ndlela indalo. Kulo gumbi uyakwazi ukuchitha ixesha ukhululeke. Kodwa Ukongeza kule mihlaba kunye neempawu iplanga sifo imililo ukuba kaninzi kwenzeka ngenxa yeengxaki ezahlukeneyo iintambo.

Abantu abaninzi bafuna yokudibanisa lweziqalelo kunokujala ngumsindo, kodwa ukhuseleko zikagesi kwi webhate log kufuneka ibe ivuliwe. Loka mathuba musa ukunika. Apha, lonke unxibelelwano zifihliwe phantsi izinto nokuyifeza ngeninako.

Iimpawu wokuposa evulekileyo

Ukusetyenziswa kwesikim enjalo inkqubo yesondlo kunye nokulungiswa yonxibelelwano zombane lula. Kwimeko apho kukho ukusilela oko kunokwenzeka kusoloko ukuchonga indawo isiphoso kwaye ngokukhawuleza ukusombulula le ngxaki.

Iingcingo zombane oluqhutywa ngokuhlamba ngokusebenzisa imijelo kabeley- okhethekileyo. Ezi zixhobo ukunciphisa ingozi isakhiwo ngamaplanga umlilo cishe zero - izinto ukusuka apho kwenziwe, kodwa ezinokutsha.

Kukho ezininzi iimveliso ezifana sisimo ezahlukeneyo - ukuba ahluka ngemibala. Kuyinto omdaka ukukhanya, abamhlophe okanye mdaka.

Ukusebenzisa umbane yaba iimpawu ekhuselekileyo kunye nokufakelwa azikho utshiwe ngaphezu mda kuvumelekile, imijelo intambo zizaliswe kwi-60%. Ukuba sizalisa ngokupheleleyo isakhiwo, yalahlekelwa ithuba amanyathelo okuzama ubushushu obugqithisileyo. Le ebangela eesekethe ezimfutshane kunye nemililo.

ivaliwe

Iingcali ziyavuma ukuba kungenzeka. Ingcingo ngokuhlamba phantsi ingaphakathi into kukhawuleze, kodwa kuphela kwimeko xa ngentambo ngokukhuselekileyo ikhuselwe umbhobho yenyuka. Kodwa kungcono ukusebenzisa avulekileyo ngendlela ekhuselekileyo.

sikhokelo Design kunye nokhuseleko

Ingcingo sokuhlambela, njengoko naliphi na igumbi, iqala inkqubo yoyilo. Naziphi na izinto zonxibelelwano kufuneka zibekwe kuphela ngokungqongqo nkqo okanye tye. Ayivumelekanga kinking okanye linegunya kubo. Ukuba sisebenzise akazange ezonakalisa yangaphandle imbonakalo Ngenxa igumbi ibekwe kwiindawo ezininzi zokuqhubela. Nangona kunjalo, akukho mfuneko ukubeka izinto kwenkqubo ephambi kwiminyango okanye koqoqo, kufutshane izixhobo zokufudumeza kunye nemibhobho etyhidiweyo.

Ngamanye amaxesha ingcingo ngokuhlamba masivalwe. Kodwa ke loo khetho ingasetyenziswa xa ilahlwa kwi umbhobho wonxibelelwano ukusuka zentsimbi okanye isistim Uphahla bobuxoki. ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kulo mzekelo kufuna umgangatho ubushushu malunga nokufakelwa intambo - kuba yokugquma nokubi ntonje ingunobangela umlilo.

Iinketho sokunikela imigca amandla

Intambo ephambili amandla ingathatha ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ngaloo ndlela, kuyenzeka ukuba ndiyakhe emoyeni okanye phantsi komhlaba. Ukukhethwa ngobuwena efanelekileyo ixhomekeke kumgama kuvuselwa isakhiwo nokucima.

Ingcingo ngokuhlamba kufuneka ibekwe kude kudala ngexesha kuphuhliso izakhiwo ezininzi, yaye ukhetho izisombululo ukuqala le icandelo amandla kufuneka sikhetwe kwangaphambili esekelwe kwiimpawu. Nomoya, yaye indlela komhlaba zinezibonelelo kanye nobubi.

Iimpawu ze iintambo kwigumbi ubuxhaka-, iklasi ukhuselo zombane

Kwinqanaba welungiselelo igumbi yomphunga kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba loo ndawo kuthintelwe ubukho iindawo yesinye isitshixo. Ezi izinto zivumelekile, kodwa ufakelo yabo kuvunyelwa kuphela kumaziko olonwabo, kwakunye kwigumbi lokunxibela le. Ngokutsho imigangatho yokhuseleko lokuphuma, ngokunjalo benza okuchasene beesekethe, kufuneka kufakelwe akukho iisentimitha ngaphantsi kweentsuku ezingamashumi alithoba ukusuka emgangathweni.

Ngokubhekisele iklasi ukhuseleko, zonke zombane kufuneka bebonakalise ubuncinane IP-44. Izibane kufuneka athobele udidi IP-54. Ingcingo ngokuhlamba yenzelwe ukuze ubude wire le lentwana mfutshane kangangoko. Kwakhona Akuvunyelwe ukubeka electrocommunications phantsi esitovini.

Ukubeka umgca mandla ngokusebenzisa emoyeni

Olu khetho kunokuba iindleko-olusebenzayo. Ukuba umgama ukusuka caba phambi kokuba lokwakha neemitha ngaphezu kwe-25, ngoko eliphakathi inkxaso elimisiweyo. Ukubeka enokwenziwa phezu insulators imveliso yephondo okanye ngokusebenzisa nesisila.

Kubalulekile ukuba intambo ngexesha lofakelo wayekhwele umphakamo ngqo echanekileyo. Umzekelo, xa ufakelo olwenziwe endleleni, ngoko bavunyelwa ukuba iimitha na ngaphantsi kwe ezintandathu ngaphezu komhlaba. Ukuba intambo makayirhole ecaleni kwendlela okanye nayiphi na enye indlela non yoluntu, ngoko ke ukuphakama avumelekile - hayi ngaphantsi kwe-3.5 yeemitha. Ngokwawo bath ngentambo anikiweyo kumphakamo ongekho ngaphantsi kwe-2,75 yeemitha.

Kuba ngetawuli eziqhelekileyo emoyeni kusetyenziswa intambo self-inkxaso igqunyiwe okanye CIP. ukuphila kwalo nkonzo engama-25. Ezi mveliso zibizwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: titsh-3, titsh-2A, CIP-4. Bona mayixhotyiswe ngezixhobo okhethekileyo ubushushu nemozulu. Igalelo elibi eli intambo: ngenxa iimpawu zayo, olu khetho kunzima ukuba kuziswe ungumgqithi wesekethe.

Njengoko kuba sekhebhuli, igumbi wangena uthango ngomthi okanye kwisingxobo ngentsimbi. Icandelo umnqamlezo intambo kufuneka ibe eziyi-16. mm - ingakwazi ukumelana ngoku ukuya ku 63 A. Ukuba ukuxhumeka uhlobo olunye-isigaba, inani eliphezulu ukuya 14 kW amandla. Xa uxhulumano ontlantlu-ntathu, lo gama nentambo unako ukumelana 42 kW. Bathhouse la mandla ngaphezu ngokwaneleyo. Enye ethile, leyo intambo - wakuphendula kakuhle ukuba ukugoba.

CIP wenziwe ucingo-aluminiyam, yaye akwamkelekanga ukuphumeza nge imbala.

Kungenxa yoko le nto ekunene kwi gumbi ukwazisa olunye uhlobo lonxibelelwano - NYM, VVG okanye NG. Eli candelo cross zezi ezintambo na macala-10. mm. Kuba uxhulumaniso, kufuneka usebenzise izihlanganisi evaliweyo, kunye cable CIP zimiliselwe iankile ekhethekileyo lemoto.

ufakelo komhlaba

Le gasket kuyabiza. Kulo mzekelo, imithetho umsele okuthathwa 1 imitha enzonzobila. Intambo kuza kufuneka ukuba uthenge imali eninzi kakhulu - V56Shv. Yena vehicles, kwaye iingcingo zayo ubhedu. Ukungqinelana ixabiso eliphezulu ukuba abe nezinga eliphezulu yokuzikhusela. Naye ingcingo iibhate yomthi njenge khusalekileyo ngakumbi. Le ntambo has a qhina sentsimbi phakathi oonokrwece yangaphakathi langaphandle eyenziwe ngeplastiki. Nale khuselo le mveliso ningoyiki yeempuku, abamenzelayo, okanye naziphi na iintlekele zemvelo.

Kwimeko apho akhande umbhobho metal phantsi komhlaba alisetyenziswa - in imibhobho baziqwebele condensate. Engena izakhiwo ziya kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa hub efanayo.

Ukuze enze ufakelo komhlaba yeyunithi amandla, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukutsala esemseleni wawakhotha ku 0.7 m ubunzulu. Ezantsi emhadini ngokugalelwa isanti, waza wabeka intambo, uze nokulala kwakhona ngesanti. Xa inkqubo ngokubekwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ukuphepha ngezikhondo zamehlo.

Ingcingo ngokuhlamba izandla zakhe: inyathelo ngu step guide

Wonke umsebenzi luya kuqhubeka amanyathelo aliqela. Ngoko sigaba wokulungiselela ibandakanya ukuthengwa kunye nokulungiselela zonke izinto eziyimfuneko kunye nezixhobo, umsebenzi iprojekthi. Okulandelayo ke ufakelo ngokwayo.

umsebenzi wokulungiselela

Ukuqala umsebenzi wofakelo, kufuneka ukulungiselela zonke izinto eziyimfuneko kunye nezixhobo. Eli candelo lale iintambo, ithumbu metal, neziseko, itshintshela, iteyiphu yombane. Kufuneka kwakhona abafundi balungise izixhobo kumsebenzi umbane. Ukuba igumbi yakhiwa phezu kwelitye okanye nesiseko eziphathekayo, ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuba alungiselele kwaye kwiziseko.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ukhethe intambo echanekileyo. Ukuze ubone ukuba icandelo esichanekileyo umthwalo imiselwa, neya kubalwa sokuhlambela yombane. Imigomo iziphakamiso 19 amps of current ukusebenzisa icandelo Intambo 1.5 mm ^2, ngokuba yangoku 70 A icandelo ofanelekileyo we-10 mm ^2.

Uyakwazi futhi ukusebenzisa le fomyula ilandelayo: bomthwalo V. kW / ombane In izibalo kubalulekile ukuba uthathe ingqalelo zonke izixhobo. Ke ukuba ukukhetha ithumbu, kufuneka unike ukhetha olukhetho dyondzisaka. Ebubanzini bodonga kufuneka ungabi ngaphantsi kwe-2 mm.

umsebenzi wofakelo yangaphakathi

Xa intambo umbane sele kade, kuyimfuneko ukwenza umsebenzi yasekhaya - sokuhlambela ukubamba iintambo ukudibanisa zonke iziseko, itshintshela kunye nezinye izixhobo.

Kule nkqubo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula izinto ezintathu - isigaba, kwiqanda kunye nomhlaba. Okokuqala - ucingo core eli liyithweleyo ejikeleza yangoku. Zero imfuneko oyicinezelayo ngamandla. Umhlaba osetyenziswa oyicinezelayo izixhobo ezithile. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko akunakwenzeka ukuba ukubaphazamisa iingcingo.

Ukuze ufumane isigaba imfuneko Isalathisi screwdriver. Ngexesha ngokunxulumene screwdriver Ulwamvila Isalathisi kwisigaba uya evutha. Umhlaba - a isinxibelelanisi eyahlukileyo. Ngoku kufuneka sidityaniswe inxenye nangoncedo ibhodi lonikezelo amandla.

Indlela ukufaka i yolawulo lwangaphakathi

Shield lidla ibekwe kwigumbi lokulinda okanye amagumbi okuphumla. It ifakwe ngqo igalelo kumatshini, kunye RCD. Lentsalela yangoku full beesekethe kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko emlilweni kunye nokusebenza oluthembekileyo isixhobo sokukhanyisa kunye nezinye izixhobo zombane. Kuba iibhate RCD kuyimfuneko, ekubeni kukho ukunyuka izinga ukufuma.

Zamacebo Okufaka Umbane, itshintshela, iibhokisi lokujongana nokufakelwa yangaphandle kufuneka bakhuselwe batshizwe. Ukungena Siyaleza ukwenza ngezantsi. amadolo Pre kufuneka ukulungiselela i-U-imilo - oku kwenzelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba condensate awukwazi ukungena ngaphakathi sixhobo.

Zonke ingcingo ngokuhlamba kufuneka kwenziwe kuphela xa le miyalezo ezizodwa kwisekethe Emergency okanye eyintsalela benza okuchasene beesekethe lwangoku, kodwa yeka ngoku kufuneka ukusuka 10 ukuya 30 Ma. Kucetyiswa ukuba yokugquma, kwakunye sokuhlambela isicelo ombane kuyehla. Nangona kunjalo, oku kuya kufuna nkqubo imali eninzi. Iingcali ukucebisa nyanga nganye khangela ukusebenza RCDs. Zonke iingcingo, kungakuhle ukwenza intambo kabini-zigqunyiwe ukuphepha iindawo umlilo esijikeleza elifutshane. Ezikweni negumbi ubuxhaka- nto zivunywa wire abaqhelekileyo ubushushu ezingatshiyo.

Ngokuphathelele zokukhanya, oko Kukhethwa ukuba asebenzise izixhobo ephantsi-ombane. Abaqhubi kufuneka adityaniswe kuphela yi-terminal. Kwakhona musa ukulibala malunga isiseko kunye nokhuselo kombane.

Ukubiyelwa efanayo kakhulu kungenziwa akhiwe kule intsimbi kunye ityhubhu incence of ngezinto ezingatshiyo okanye yesinyithi. Iibhokisi zikagesi ngokusetyenziswa bhetele kwemfundo izinto ezingezizo ukutsha.

isiphelo

Njengoko ubona, iintambo sokuhlambela, eyenziwe ngezandla zakhe, ikwazi ukubonelela ukusebenza ekhuselekileyo ixesha elide. Ukuba wenza unelungelo kunye neprojekthi ofanelekileyo, ukukhetha iintambo ekunene kunye nezixhobo zombane, ukuba ukuthobela imithetho esisiseko yofakelo nokusebenza kunye nombane, ngoko bonke kufuneka aphume. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba wonke umsebenzi kwenziwe kakhulu, ngenyameko. Ukuba nolwazi oluyimfuneko kuba asiyiyo, akuyomfuneko ingozi kwakhona. Kubhetele ukuba ukuthatha uncedo yeengcali.

Ngoko ke ndicinge ukuba ubambe indlela yakhe intambo akhe sokuhlambela.