Iinjongo Ungcoliseko lomoya. Ecology TPP

Nawuphi na umsebenzi lomntu ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa kwamandla ombane. Ngako oko, ukwakhiwa izityalo amandla enkulu (ubushushu ngaphezulu), ukususela kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini, kwaye sele ligqibe ukusombulula iingxaki zehlabathi yokuswela mandla ngokwayo, kuba ngaphandle kobunyulu akukho nkqubela. Yokuduka kwimihlaba echumayo, imilambo beneaped kunye namachibi ngaphandle intlanzi, amahlathi wonakele, ungcoliseko thermal eveliswa mn, inani elikhulayo kwezifo. Yinto zonke iziphumo zophuhliso amandla, lamashishini ungcolisa. Ikamva abantu kuxhomekeke ngesisombululo iingxaki ezinxulumene ezimbini, ezifana: imfuno ukuphuhlisa amandla nokungcoliswa kokusingqongileyo mn. Air, umhlaba, amanzi, izityalo kunye nezilwanyana zichatshazelwa sengqondo abathengi. Ungcoliseko mn kuphazamisa ukusebenza ngokwendalo onke amacandelo ongqonge umhlaba onokuphila. Intlekele ezifana eChernobyl kunye Fukushima - oku kusisilumkiso, kunoko, nkqu ikukukhalisa uncedo. Ongalufezekisiyo iimfuno zokusingqongileyo mn kuzo zonke izigaba zokwakha nokusebenza, abantu engozini ubomi babo kunye nabo izizukulwana zexa elizayo ngokubanzi.

imithombo yamandla

Phantse kwiikota ezintathu eneji efunekayo kwinkqubo amandla odlisa ubomi. Ke yona namhlanje ingqalelo yi zemvelo lamashishini ungcolisa. eziyimfuneko ukufumana amandla ngokutshiswa izinto ezinokutsha kwi isiseko shishino. Amafutha ukuze amalahle, umgquba, shale oyile, i-oyile okanye irhasi. Kwakhona wasebenzisa amandla yemilambo. Oku kufuna ukwakhiwa zokugcina mn.

Yokunqongophala kwamanzi acocekileyo

mzuzu esibi umsebenzi kwamashishini mn - umoya kunye ungcoliseko lwamanzi kwindawo yokuqala. Nyaka ngamnye, amashishini amandla ezintsonkothileyo asebenzise ngaphezulu kwe mathathu billion cubic metres yamanzi acocekileyo. Xa ukwakhiwa amadama phezu kwemilambo enamanzi kwenzeka umhlaba omelene otyebileyo, yaye ngamanye amaxesha abantu lwezindlu. Amadama kunye nezinye hydro ukuphazamisa emlanjeni yangoku yendalo, nto leyo ekhokelele shallowing imilambo kunye notshintsho kwinqanaba komhlaba. Okuthethwa kwezi nguqu - zokuxinana kwamanzi kunye salinization imihlaba, ezo alulungelanga kwezolimo. Yokubola kohlaza, antywiliselwe ukwakhiwa amadama, kukhokelela utshintsho ezigxekayo izilwanyana emanzini kunye nohlaza. Le amandla efunyenwe ukusuka kwisikhululo samandla turbine enamandla, eqhutywa umphunga kumanzi acocekileyo shushu. Le umphunga exhaust lupholisiwe ngokuqhubekekayo yaye akhutshelwa nemisele yamanzi. Ahla imijelo yamanzi ashushu ukwakha imithombo yongcoliseko oshushu kwi mn.

Ubungakanani lwemimandla ubushushu nemilambo kulinganiswa ngamashumi eziliqela yeekhilomitha 'yokuba zingenangcambu zoma kwaphela "kwi izivamvo yokoqobo yokomfuziselo lomlambo. Ukutshintsha iimpawu ezibonakalayo kwamanzi emilanjeni kunye namachibi ibangela utshintsho kubahlali imichiza, uze emva koko - iinkqubo eziphilayo. Unale eziphilayo. Mn - to unobangela.

ungcoliseko lomoya

Air ungcoliseko mn - ingxaki ngakumbi. Ngokwemiqathango ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezinobungozi emoyeni lwamashishini amandla thermal kwindawo phambili. Kuyinto phantse amashumi amathathu ekhulwini ezikhutshwayo zizonke ukusuka onke amashishini ezahlukeneyo. Kwaye ngaphezu kwezigidi ezithandathu iitoni zothuli, iikhompawundi carbon eziyingozi, initrogen, isalfure, vanadium, kwaye phantse zonke izinto periodic table lweziqalelo. Ukuba muncu komhlaba yimvula acid - yinto ngenxa yale nkqubo, ezifana ungcoliseko lomoya yi sulphur dioxide mn igesi. Ukuqokelelana isixa esikhulu carbon dioxide emoyeni kukhokelela ekwandeni kwamaqondo umoya ehlabathini, yonyaka kuthiwa impembelelo yayo avareji greenhouse effect. Bad eziphilayo mn ibangela ingxinano emoyeni zetoti asezantsi amasuntswana iikhemikhali eziyingozi kunye nothuli organic. Le nto ibizwa ngokuba 'inkungu nomsi "xa phantsi imimoya ukukhanya, imitha enamandla kwelanga kunye xi nokunyuka photo-iioksidenti kwi lilenga umoya phezu kwezixeko ekwazi. Ukuba sithi singanyangwa, oko kukhokelela ekutshatyalalisweni ozone woMhlaba. Minyaka le pesenti komzimba ubungnqongqo ezahlukahlukeneyo. Air ungcoliseko TPP kakhulu yingozi impilo kunye nobomi abahlali basezidolophini. Ingakumbi iyingozi kakhulu ukuba iinkqubo bokuphefumla sentliziyo.

umlotha

Kwixesha elizayo kufuphi ukwandisa imveliso loshishino lwamandla luthelekelelwa ukunyusa ubungakanani ukutshiswa kwezimbiwa eqinileyo. Ngoko ke, ukunyuka iingxaki umhlaza zokulahla inkunkuma yokutsha kunye zeBlack yayo kubekwa. Ngubani ukuqhubekekiswa asibhozo kuphela pesenti yonke inkunkuma uthuthu. ezamahala Current komhlaba wanyanzeleka ukuba anikezele technical indawo indawo eziluncedo, ezikufutshane ekwakheni yokuhlala komzi, ukwandisa ukuphakama iimfumba zolootvalnyh. Air ungcoliseko mn kule meko kukho ingakumbi yondele, t. K. Zoloothodov ukhukuliseko ngumoya kwenza ukungcoliseka kweendawo ezinkulu. Amashishini nolimo akukho alungele nokuhlawulwa zeBlack. Kufuneka ezenzekayo kule miba yenzululwazi kunye zobunjineli. Ukusombulula ezi ngxaki imfuneko engxamisekileyo.

iingxaki amanzi

Emizini enkulu izityalo ngamandla thermal kufuneka imiba ezibukhali kwaye amaqhina oqhagamshelwano: imibhobho mn kunye mn amanzi amdaka. Inkqubo eziyi- igugile kwaye kufuneka ulungiso olumandla. Mcetywa Emergency kusongela ungcoliseko kunye namachibi lomhlaba, ukunyuka kwamanzi aphantsi komhlaba, ungcoliseko lwamanzi kumaqumrhu ngamanzi ekufutshane. Konke oku kuquka zonke Ukonakala unyaka umgangatho wamanzi okusela. Amanzi amdaka lwenziwa ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo ngokwezigaba eziliqela, nto, nto, kufuna i-eneji ekhokelela kuseko inkunkuma zasesekondari ezifuna ukulahlwa. Unyango amanzi kwimizi inkunkuma - ixesha elide kunye nenkqubo-namandla kakhulu. amanzi amdaka Industrial, zibe zicocwe konke konke, aqhumisele okanye ngomtshini zibe equleni. Kwaye etsala ezininzi iingxaki zokusingqongileyo.

ndaba lombuso

ukhuseleko Environmental, ulondolozo ezifanelekileyo bume Abaphilayo benza kwimibutho karhulumente kunye noluntu. Into ebalulekileyo yomsebenzi wabo - ummiselo kwezalathisi ezisemgangathweni esweni ukuphunyezwa. amaxwebhu Regulatory sungula imida yokwakha nefuthe kwindalo esingqongileyo. Kuvavanywa emzimbeni, imichiza, bemvelo kunye nezinye iziphumo nomgangatho. Kuba abasebenzisi bemvelo anqongophele ngenxa imida yokwakha nokusengwa kwemithombo yobutyebi bendalo, nemimiselo physical (ingxolo, ukungcangcazela, ionization, kunye nabanye.) Igalelo kwi-bume, imilinganiselo yamanzi amdaka, nemithetho ezikhutshwayo eziyingozi kwi-atmosfera kunye neminye imisebenzi kuthathelwa ingqalelo iimpawu ezithile zommandla ngamnye.

Umgaqo zokuphepha

Ukuba iziphumo ezibi ezivela umsebenzi TPP ukunciphisa uphuhliso amanyathelo ukhuselo lokusingqongileyo kufuneka wenziwe kunye kwisicwangciso, uphuhliso kunye nokuphunyezwa kweeprojekthi zeshishini elitsha. Ingakumbi kumayelana kwiindawo ezikufutshane kule mimandla ekhuselweyo ezikhuselweyo, apho kusebenza imigaqo ekhethekileyo. Ukophulwa iziphumo zabo nobutyala. Ukususela nempahla yezindlu amashishini kufuneka ohlulwe iindawo zangasese kunye zokhuselo. Ezo imimandla asetyenziswa njengomqobo nokunciphisa izinto ezingalunganga kwezibonelelo mveliso. Ubungakanani ezinjalo imimandla emiselwe imithetho yesizwe esekelwe izenzo ezimbi kulindeleke emva kokuba uhlolo lwefuthe kokusingqongileyo ezifanelekileyo izinto zendalo.

iindlela Singakwazi zokusombulula iingxaki amandla

Imfuneko ukunciphisa ifuthe elibi yamandla kwindalo kunanini kuphakamisa umba konga umbane. Ngokuyintloko ngenxa ekunciphiseni ubunzulu yamandla kweenkqubo zoshishino. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, phuhliso mihla kufuneka ithathele ingqalelo ezi ngongoma zilandelayo:

• amandla ukuyigcina ekhaya;
• Indlela kwizibonelelo zokuvelisa amandla umboleki ukuba kunciphisa iindleko ngokwandisa ngobuchule wamafutha osetyenzisiweyo, lo gama ukunciphisa ingozi ezinokosulela ubushushu;
• ukuphucula iindlela emzimbeni imichiza kulungiselelwa kukudla siyizise ukuba amafutha ekhuselekileyo ngenkuthalo evumayo;
• iindlela kwempucuko omlilo;
• uphuculo nophuhliso oluphezulu lwe amaziko onyango amanzi.

imithombo yamandla Alternative

imiba yokusingqongileyo nezoqoqosho ngokubhekisele amandla, kunyanzeleke ukuba ukuthetha malunga nokusetyenziswa kwemithombo ezizezinye yamandla :

• ukusetyenziswa ngqo okanye engangqalanga amandla elanga (photovoltaic yokuqokelela, ifumane njengesivuthisi elizayo - hydrogen ngamanzi, njl);
• sebenzisa nophuhliso injini zomoya kwiindawo yimimoya enamandla;

• ukusetyenziswa imisinga zaselwandle ebbs amandla kunye nokuphuma kwemali, utshintsho kobushushu kubunzulu ezahlukeneyo elwandle.

Inqanaba yophuhliso mihla kuqikellelo ulindele okuhle umba lwamandla ngokubhekiselele kuqoqosho, kunye ngokwemiqathango ngemvelo. Ifuthe kokusingqongileyo iye jikelele ngokwendalo kwaye zifuna izisombululo efanayo.