Indlela yokufumana kwi-ethane chloroethane kwi-chemistry

Ukuze uqonde indlela yokufumana i-chlorine kwi-ethane, okokuqala sihlalutya iimpawu ze-hydrothebon ephezulu ye- ethane.

Inkcazo emfutshane ye-ethane

Le hydrocarbon ine-formula C2H6. I-carbon i-molecule yayo i-sp3 hybrid state. Oku kuyachaphazela iipropati zomzimba kunye nemichiza. Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, i-ethane yinto enobuncwane obuncibilikileyo emanzini. Njengabo bonke abanye abameli beklasi ye-alkane, i-ethane iye yazalisa izibophelelo ezilula. Oku kubonakaliswa kwiipropati zeekhemikhali ze-hydrocarbon. Akakwazi ukujoyina ukuphendula ngokulandelelana, kuphela ukutshintshwa okutshintshileyo.

Inkqubela yokuhamba

Masifunde indlela yokufumana i-chlorine kwi-ethane. Ngenxa yoko, kubalulekile ukuphendula phakathi kwe-ethane kunye ne-chlorine phambi kobuninzi bokukhanya (ukushisa okuphakamileyo). Ngenxa yokwahlukana kwama-homolytic, i-chlorine radicals yenziwe. Ukudala ama-radicals amahhala , inani elithile lamandla liyadingeka.

Ingathengwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. I-pyrolysis ye-thermal ingathathwa njengenye yezinto ezahlukileyo zokubunjwa kwama-radicals. Ukufumana i-chlorane kwi-ethane, i-equation ibhalwa kwiqondo lokushisa malunga ne- ^{0 0 0} C. Amandla aya kukhutshwa ngexesha le nkqubo anele ukuphula izibophelelo. Indlela yesibini yokwenza i-radicals esebenzayo kukusebenzisa imisebe ye-ultraviolet.

Inkqubo yokuphendula okutshintshileyo yokutshintsha indawo

Cinga indlela yokufumana i-chlorane kwi-ethane. I-equation equation isenza ngokulandela inkqubo ye-SR-action ye-halogen kunye nama-alkanes. Kwisigaba segesi, ukuphendula kwe-ethane kunye ne-chlorine kuqala kudibanisa i-chlorine phantsi kwesenzo se-UV. Eli nqanaba libizwa ngokuba yi-initiation, ibonakala ngokubonakala kweengqungquthela ezichithwe nge-chlorine. Iinqununu eziphehlayo zihlasela i-molecule ye-ethane, eyenza i-hydrochloric acid, kunye ne-ethyl ye-C2H5.

Masiqhubeke nencoko malunga nendlela yokufumana i-chlorine kwi-ethane. Kwisinyathelo esilandelayo, i-ethyl radical idibanisa neklorine, ikwenza i-ethane i-chloride kunye nelinye i-chlorine. Nguye okwazi ukufaka kwakhona impendulo, ukuqhubela phambili umjikelezo wokuphendulwa kwamakhenkethi. Eli nqanaba libizwa ngokuba yi-chain chain. Inani le-radicals esebenzayo kweli nqanaba lokusebenzisana alitshintshi, kodwa lihlala lipheleleyo. Njengoko isiphelo somjikelezo sibonakala isigaba sesithathu sempendulo, esibizwa ngokuba yi-chain termination. Iquka ukudibana kweengqungquthela zamahhala, okubangele ukuveliswa kwemveliso yokuphendula.

Isicelo

Impendulo yombuzo yindlela yokufumana kwi-ethane chloroethane. Makhe sihlale kwisicelo. I-chloroethyl eyiphumela yinto enomdla. It isetyenziswe njenge-anesthetic yokuhlinzwa. Iimitha ezimbini ukuya kweyesithathu zanele ukwenzela ukunciphisa umqhubi wemoto.

Njengomqobo omkhulu wale nto, siyaqaphela ukuba kungenzeka ukugqithisa. Nenyuka elincinane kwimizi evumelekileyo ibangela iingxaki ezinzulu zomzimba womntu. Ngamhla, i-chloroethane isetyenziswe kuphela kwezinye iimeko njengemveliso ye-narcotic.

Kwinqanaba elithile, kunyanzelekile njengendlela yokulungisa i-aneshesia yesikhumba esincinane. Ukufika kwesikhumba, i-substance ikhuphuka, ulusu luba luhlaza, ubukhulu bayo buyancipha, ngenxa yoko kuba kunokwenzeka ukufezekiswa, oko kukuthi, ukuqhuba imisebenzi emancinci.

Kwakhona, le nkunkuma isetyenziselwa ukunciphisa i-skin toching, unyango lwe-thermal burns, neuromyositis, cryotherapy ye-inflammation. I-ampoule iqala ukufutheka entendeni yesandla sakho, ize ijoliswe kwesikhumba. Ngeenjongo zokwelapha, inkqubo iya kwenziwa kanye ngosuku ngemini ye-7-10.