Chemical asabela equation - ekudibaneni kwemichiza eqhelekileyo post

Ukuze lula iinkqubo imichiza kunye nombono ngcono yabo kusetyenziswa i equation reaction. It is a intsebenziswano yokungena yoxhomekeko izinto kunye nabanye kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ukuyilwa iimveliso ezintsha. Nale "image" udandalaziso, kuba ukuthotyelwa komthetho yolondolozo ubunzima into esetyenziswayo okuza ngamanani. Le nkcazelo yendlela zeekhemikhali usebenzisa amanani kunye neesimboli ecetywayo 1615 Zhan lwaqalwa. Kamva, emva kokuba ukuvulwa stoichiometry imithetho baqalisa ukusebenzisa amaxabiso oluninzi.

Chemical asabela equation ibhalwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. Icala lasekhohlo 'umfanekiso' udandalaziso na izinto phakathi apho intsebenziswano phakathi kwabo obekwe umqondiso "+". Kwicala lasekhohlo - iimveliso reaction, ngamanye amazwi, iikhompawundi ezintsha enziwa. Phakathi ekhohlo kunye neenxalenye ekunene ibekwe Utolo ezibonisa indlela basabela njani. Umzekelo, C + E → CE.
2. Emva koko, zicwangciswe le okuza, umsebenzi wakhe 'ukuya kwinqanaba ", ngamanye ukwenza inani uhlobo ngalunye athom phambi basabela lilingane inani athom emva kwayo. Ngoko ke, i "umsebenzi" umthetho ukulondolozwa mass. Umzekelo, 2HCl - H ₂ + Cl _2.

Kukho yokusabela equation entshukumo leyo ichaza ukuxhomekeka le isantya sokuqukuqela yenkqubo kwemichiza xi kwezinto unreacted. Simple ukusabela olunjalo inyathelo elinye, ngokwalo esibhaliweyo njengoko: V k [A _1] n ¹ = * _[2] n ^2, apho

V - Velocity basabela njani;

[A _{1], [2]} - Ukugcwala lemfuyo;

K - rhoqo umlinganiselo reaction, leyo ixhomekeke kuhlobo izinto unreacted kunye ubushushu;

n ^{1, n-2} - oda basabela njani.

Ukuba ukusabela aqhubeke ngamanyathelo eziliqela, ngoko zibumba inkqubo quadratic entshukumo, nganye kuzo ziza kuchazwa ngokwahlukeneyo.

Kwakhona uhlobo eyahlukileyo i equation indlela ionic leyo ukulungiselela yayo inemisebenzi njengoko izinto ezibhalwe ekulo ngohlobo ion. Ezo rekhodi intsebenziswano yemichiza udandalaziso okufana kuphela reactions endaweni kunye sokufudumeza izisombululo zolwelo okanye aluminiyamu, ngexesha apho kwenze kuyilwa, kweziyobisi kakubi dissociable (amanzi) okanye igesi iyaveliswa. Umzekelo: Sangena imichiza reaction, zehydrochloric acid kunye potassium hayidroksayidi, apho ityuwa kwakhiwa amanzi.

HCl + KOH- KCl + H ₂ O

Bhala into data ngohlobo ion, ngaphandle kwamanzi, njengoko oko kwahlula. Le equation iya kubizwa ngokuba epheleleyo basabela ionic.

H ^{+ +} Cl ^{- +} K ^{+ + KOWU - --K + + Cl} - + H ₂ O

Ngoku, kule nkqubo, njengoko umgaqo ukufana, ekhohlo kwaye kwicala lasekunene "kunqunyulwa" ion libuye singafumana oku kulandelayo:

H ⁺ + KOWU ^- - H ₂ O.

Nokuba indlela redox, ebonakala ngu utshintsho igcwala karhulumente -athom kuya kuba umzobo udandalaziso ethile ukurekhoda. Atom kuyimfuneko ukuze kube nokugqitywa ngaloo igcwala karhulumente ezitshintshileyo, kwaye ikukudala uzinzo elektroniki, ngokusekelwe kuyo ngoko amalungiselelo okuza.

Ngoko ke, i equation imichiza abasabela ngayo i-akhawunti udandalaziso yonke inkqubo ezimbaxa kwisuntswana ukuyilwa kwezinto ezintsha yokubola, iikhompawundi ze endaweni nokutshintshiselana. Kwakhona inika iinkcukacha ezisemgangathweni kunye neenkcukacha zamanani phezu reactants kunye nemveliso asabela.