Indlela ukufumanisa ubukhulu mbongo? Yonke le nto kweli uxinzelelo elithi!

Eugene Onegin kwinoveli eponymous ngu Pushkin "... ayikwazanga iambic ukusuka trochaic ... ukwahlula." Mhlawumbi, kuba nzima kakhulu? Lutho. Nje hero Pushkin akuthethi ukujongana umbuzo ukujonga indlela ubungakanani mbongo. Kwaye ukuba uqonde iimfihlakalo versification, ulwamkelo iifom kwesingqisho zemibongo uba amava umdla kwaye iza kuvumela ukuqonda ngakumbi imfihlelo labyrinths zemibongo. Hi ndlela leyi, "Eugene Onegin" kwinoveli kwivesi abhaliweyo tetrameter iambic, apho ithowuni ubomi evuma womelele.

Indlela ukufumanisa ubukhulu mbongo?

Okokuqala, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba ubukhulu zibe monosyllabic, iimo, emithathu, amane, kunye pentasyllabic ngakumbi. Kuthetha ntoni kusiya? Ukuze ngokuchanekileyo kugqiba ubungakanani ebhalwe kumbongo, kuyimfuneko ukuba siqonde ukuba yintoni na emazantsi kwimibongo. Ngoko ikhwelo iqela samalunga, apho ubani xi. Ngoko ke, into yokuqala omawuyenze ukupeyinta eyeka umgca kwimibongo ubeke aksenti. Ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuba krwela iisilabhili wagxininisa.

metres binary

1. Ukuba gama iisilabhili ezimbini kwaye yokuqala kubo ntshikilelo, ngoko ke kufuneka - ferrets. Ukurekhoda ubukhulu, izazinzulu ziye kunyuka nge-oganogram. Umzekelo, nantsi apha: __ ∩, apha ke bhala wagxininisa uphawu lwegama ∩, kwaye unstressed - uphawu __. Khorey ubheka ukuthi ndlela: ∩ __. "Winter Evening" le ubukhulu kubhalwe umbongo odumileyo Aleksandra Pushkina. Ukuba ubhala kumgca wokuqala wesakhiwo yomsebenzi ombambazelayo, yajika out: ∩ __ / ∩ __ / ∩ __ / ∩_.
2. Xa iambics, icala, uxinezeleko iwela lwegama yesibini ezinyaweni ezibandakanya amagama amabini. Le ngxelo iya kuba loo: __ ∩. Le ubukhulu ke mbongo ubhalwe uKonstantin Batiushkov "misebenzi wam." Umgca lokuqala liya ngokwalo khangela ngolu hlobo: __ ∩ / __ ∩ / __ ∩ / __ ∩. Le mitha zixhaphakileyo yokubini. Kwaye thina, ngokungafaniyo Onegin, ngoku baya kukwazi ukuzahlula.

metres izithathu

Nendlela ukujonga ubungakanani walo mbongo, ukuba trisyllabic? Amagama abo, kwakunye engaphambili, afikile kuthi evela ulwimi Greek. Bona ngokuba Dactyl, amphibrach kunye anapaest. ubukhulu izithathu akwiiNdawo ezinyaweni, sakhiwa samalunga ezintathu.

1. I-aksenti dactyl usoloko yegama lokuqala elandelwa ezimbini unstressed. Oku yindlela: ∩ __ __. umbongo "Clouds" Le ubukhulu ibhalwe Mihaila Lermontova. Line angabhalwa ngolu hlobo: ∩ __ __ / ∩__ __ / ∩ __ __ / ∩ __ __.
2. Ukuba amazwi samalunga amathathu, indlela yokubiza amagama phezu (ophakathi) yegama yesibini, ngoko sisebenzisana amphibrach. Nantsi umzobo: __ ∩__ (iisilabhili alternating unstressed, ukothuka, Njengokungeniswa-free). "I Song of Wise Oleg" (Pushkin) wadala amphibrach. Ngokwalo, umgca wokuqala ibhalwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: __ ∩__ / __ ∩__ / __ ∩__ / __ ∩__.
3. Ukuba umgca zemibongo ibandakanya amazwi samalunga amathathu kwaye aksenti iwela lowo wokugqibela, wena ulandele le logic, ukufumanisa ubukhulu koko kubhaliweyo umbongo ngaphandle kobunzima - it anapaest. Ukuqhuba: __ __∩. Le ubungakanani wadala umbongo Afanasiya feta «andiyi kukuxelela nto." Sign post: __ __∩ / __ __∩ / __ __∩.

ubukhulu ezizodwa

Kodwa kwihlabathi izingqisho zemibongo iye ezingathandekiyo yayo. Umzekelo, oku kuyenzeka ukuba kuloo ndawo apho kufuneka khona aksenti, ayinalo ubukhulu logic. Xa dvustopnom ubukhulu (okanye pentameter iambic) zezona iisilabhili ezimbini ezilandelelanayo unstressed, sibona pyrrhic. Ke ukuba indibanisela loo akhoyo isixa trehstopnom (anapaest, amphibrach, dactyl), ngoko ke tribrach. Alikho elinye okanye omnye aluchaphazeli uhlobo ubungakanani, kodwa kungaba ukudida lo mfundi kwiincwadi. Kuthetha ntoni "aluchaphazeli '? Oku kuthetha ukuba pentameter iambic, yaye ferrets - ikwayala, kodwa 'nezintsonkothileyo' pyrrhic. Ngako oko, imilinganiso lwegama ezintathu-kuhlala ngokwabo, kodwa zilahlekile ukuphucuka - tribrach. Ukuba alternation samalunga ndixinezelekile kwaye unstressed kwi unyawo kwaphulwa icala - kukho kwamagama emibini ilandelelana (apho logic kufuneka ibe yegama unstressed, oko endaweni yokothuka), hi langutana ni spondee.

Apha, mhlawumbi, yonke imilinganiselo ezisetyenziswa versification mihla. Ngaba loo hexameter ekubalulekileyo ukuzikhankanya, owabhala edume "Iliad" kaHomer, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zokulinganisa iimbongi yangoku. It iqulathe iinyawo ezintandathu trochaic nayo nayiphi yegama elandelayo. Kubhaliwe kwathiwa njenge: ∩__ __ / ∩__ __ / ∩__ __ / ∩__ __ / ∩__ __ / ∩H (apho X kubonisa yegama engenasizathu).

Kuyenzeka ukuba kufuneka iphazili phezu ukujonga indlela ubungakanani kumbongo, kuba line, sifumana i alternation ezinobukhulu obahlukileyo. Dactyl utshintsha ne ikwayara, njalo njalo. D. Le nto ibizwa ngokuba yokuba "logaed". Ndandiyithanda sebenzisa Marina Tsvetaeva. Ngokomzekelo, umsebenzi enkondlo "itheyibhile," isebenzisa indlela nokuxuba of iambic-pentameter-anapaest.

Kutheni kufuneka ukuba ukwazi ukujonga indlela ubungakanani vesi?

Umbongo - akukho nje yiRhymed imigca. iisampuli nanto lyrics zabo asebenzise ngobuqili lwesihobe, eyona ibaluleke ngakumbi kuzo lowo isingqisho. Kuya kuxhomekeka kuyo kunye nesandi kunye isimo isithuba. Ukuba ferrets kudala emnandi, imvakalozwi umangalisayo kancinane, lo mbongo iambic unika lichaza engqongqo, yoshishino kunye ezingenamandla. Imilinganiselo trisyllabic ezifana nebuncoko, sifunda ibali. imigca Hexameter unika isandi grand nobungangamsha.

Xa Ukukwazi ukuqaphela kumlinganiselo zemibongo, singakwazi uchaze ukuba yintoni kanye wabangela umculo enomtsalane wobugcisa enkondlo.