Imvukelo kwi Cruiser "Ochakov" (1905) njengoko kwakunjalo

Namhlanje kunzima ukucinga ngendlela ethandwa enkulu abawafumana yokuqala yomfanekiso yiSoviet of edume Russian weenqanawa, uLieutenant PP Schmidt. ngobomi bakhe wayesazi bonke abantwana Soviet wayefuna ukufana revolution cishe, yaye imvukelo abasebenza ngayo Cruiser "Ochakov" kwathathwa njenge iphepha ezukileyo kwimbali olululo kunye intwasahlobo ngokoyisa amandla kwabantu.

sombutho Undilibele eneenkani

Xa kwixesha socialism abaqolileyo igosa enemvukelo, owakukhupha zokusebenza, kubonakala kwakhona ukuba olityelweyo, kodwa wakhumbula ezinqabileyo. Ngokukodwa emva kwenye "yimibono", umthetheli-ngowabathathu Sablin, phantse wakhokela antisubmarine enkulu inqanawa "Watchdog" yiSoviet eSweden (1975), ihlaba inkokheli ye-USSR neemfuno zezopolitiko. Ukufana iimeko luqhankqalazo ezimbini, ezahlulwe ixesha lokuphumla engamashumi asixhenxe, ngandlel 'ithile, uphose isithunzi uLieutenant Schmidt. Uninzi ezaziwayo iziganeko kwi "Potemkin".

kwango Two ezifanayo

In memory abafundi yali emva kwexesha iyayondela mixed ngezigigaba ezimbini esenzeka weenqanawa Russian phakathi kwemfazwe Russian-Japanese. Kwi wempi "Prince Potemkin Tauride," oomatiloshe nenzondo isidlo embi wajika dube, kulandele bubundlobongela kunye namaxhoba. Amagosa batshoniswe eLwandle wabingelela ngazo zonke iindlela, ngoko waqalisa kwemijikelo zokudubula e Odessa. Inqanawa eshiya eRomania, apho emagezeni, kwaye iqela - apheliswe.

Kwenzeka into efanayo e Sevastopol, hayi nje kuphela kwi "Ochakovo", kodwa ezinye iinqanawa Black Sea Fleet. Umahluko kukuba, bonke abo bavukeli e Odessa ayihlasela kwimbali weza kuphela matiloshe Vakulenchuk wabulala igosa ngexesha uzama yokuphelisa le mvukelo. Imvukelo kwi Cruiser "Ochakov" okhokelwa ligosa, osisithethi Naval Tsarist elite Russian. Ukhunjulwa kuba imiyalezo emangalisayo ngqo kunye ucingo ebonisa * kuKhesare. Ke inani lamaxhoba kweli xesha yaba nkulu kakhulu.

nomlando

Russia - eli lizwe omkhulu. Endaweni yayo States angabamelwane basoloko hankered emva, efuna ukuba ingaxuthi kancinci emagemeni abo. kwafika usongo kude waseJapan. Ngowe-1904, ngenjongo zokwandisa izinto ezifunda kwakhula Butha ngokupheleleyo. By ukuba iRussia sewulungile wona, kodwa zobunkokeli lizwe kwakhokelela ukuzenza ngokukhawuleza ngokwaneleyo. Noko ke, amanzi phakathi kwiminyaka embalwa ezaqaliswa cruisers ezinamandla iiprojekthi kutshanje.

Series I iinqanawa irenki zifakiwe "Heroes", "Oleg" yaye "Kagul". Entsha cruisers ekhuselweyo yale projekthi ibalelwa "Ochakov". Ezi nqanawa esinenjini waba izixhobo olomeleleyo zokudubula, kwaye nazo zonke iimfuno yenzululwazi yomkhosi wamanzi ngelo xesha. Eli qela ngalinye kwakumalunga 565 oomatiloshe. Cruiser kwafuneka akhusele unxweme iLizwe loobawo kulwandle ezahlukeneyo ehlabathini bukhosi.

Kwemfazwe Japan

Imfazwe kunye Japan yabanjwa kangaka kakuhle. Izizathu oku ezininzi - ukusuka imikhosi baqeqeshwe kakuhle ibe lithamsanqa elula embi kuboniswe kwilahleko ngengozi Admiral Makarov phezu kwiindlela ePort Arthur. Kwakukho ubukrelekrele Japanese kunye nomsebenzi, siwubona ebanzi phantsi amandla ukuzithethelela yaseRashiya kunye neyenza iimvakalelo ukunganeliseki. Kakade ke, umntu athi ukuba arhente ubukrelekrele amazwe amalungiselelo uvukelo kwi Cruiser "Ochakov". Umhla Novemba 13 kwaphawula imini xa inqanawa washiya amagosa, wafudukela yokungathobeli kwiqela kunye nokoyika yokuba abulawe. Ngaphandle uhlalutyo iziganeko zangaphambili akunakwenzeka ukuba ukuqonda iimeko uqhushululu.

Njani ukuba kwaqala

Yonke le nto yaqala emva ngo-Oktobha, ngexesha All-Russian ugwayimbo kwezopolitiko. Ngokuququzelela le inyathelo ubukrelekrele zezopolitiko Japanese, Kakade ke, isimo sengqondo, nangona izigqibo. Yombhodamo kwenzeka, kuquka eCrimea. Kaloliwe strike, abasebenzi izindlu bokushicilela, iibhanki kunye namanye amashishini amaninzi. ukumkani imanifesto Oktobha 17 akuxhomekekanga zipholile lokuphathana alwela amalungelo, phezu koko, baye bamkela olu xwebhu njenge uphawu lobuthathaka. ULieutenant Schmidt wathetha kwi rally. Xa nokusasaza Kumboniso, abantu abasibhozo babulawa, inkoliso uLieutenant phakathi kwezinye baphembeleli le zaqalwa wabanjwa, kodwa sele-19 Oktobha Schmidt waya kwintlanganiso yeBhunga City njengomthunywa ebantwini. Kweli nqanaba amandla Sevastopol phantse bafudukela bavukeli, umyalelo ilawulwa wamajoni abantu, kungekhona ukuba amapolisa esemthethweni. Kamva, Schmidt uya kuthetha umngcwabo wamaxhoba le wokulwa kwaye iya kugqithisa intetho somlilo. Waye kwaoko ngokutsha wabanjwa-naphambi Novemba 14, eziqulethwe kwi wempi "Iingcwele ezintathu" phantsi ezisithele izimali esemthethweni. Wakhululwa xa mvukelo kwi Cruiser "Ochakov" kunye nezinye iinqanawa ezininzi i-Black Sea Fleet sele yenzekile.

Yintoni Schmidt

Pet Petrovich Shmidt wahlala iminyaka engama-38 kuphela, kodwa Isiphelo sakhe wazaliswa kangaka kunye neziganeko eyahlukeneyo, ukuchaza oko kuya kuthatha incwadi, mhlawumbi, akukho namnye. kwakunzima Umlinganiswa uLieutenant eneenkani, kunye nezenzo zakhe babizwe ngokuba impikiswano, ukuba ugqibe abathile logic kubo. Ukususela ebuntwaneni, uPetros wayephethwe sisigulo sengqondo, nto leyo engazange azishiye kuye bonke ubomi bakhe - kleptomania. Ukutyhilwa yena umntwana, kwi junior wokulungiselela udidi Naval College, inkwenkwe yaqalisa ebe izinto ezincinci kwamanye abafundi. Emva kokuphumelela, wonk 'ubani wayeyazi loo mfana waphawula umsindo yakhe embi kakhulu kwaye nochuku, okubangelwa hypertrophic ngokuzingca. Ebudeni inkonzo yakhe Navy, thile ukuba atshate ihenyukazi Dominica Pavlova, leyo wamazisa Michael Stavrakis (ngasendleleni, nguye owathi ngo-1906 uya kuyiwisela umthetho kubulawa Schmidt). imvelaphi yosapho ezukileyo aselwandle kuphela hayi kanye, hayi kabini yokuwasindisa umfana ukugxothwa kwizithuthi.

Kuba bonke ngegosa iziphene unalo wayenobuchule obumangalisayo ukuyinyasha zenzululwazi, navigation kakuhle kakuhle kunye nezinye ubulumko emanzini, wayekuthanda ukudlala cello. Emva kokufumana isikhundla segosa Midshipman Peter Schmidt wavuka ushiye - ngeli xesha, wayesebenza mveliso izixhobo zolimo. Kwixesha elizayo, wamnika isizathu ukuqwalasela ngokwakhe njengoko umntu wayesazi ukuba ubomi babantu. Xa ithuba lokuba odumileyo, wayiqhubela uvukelo kwi Cruiser "Ochakov" - ngo-1905 waba ngexesha layo sidereal.

banner abavukeli

Inzululwazi esemthethweni Soviet zembali sithi ukuba iziganeko ka-1905 ibe isiseko kakhulu kwezopolitiko nezoqoqosho, kodwa ukuba akukho yayibaluleke elinye igosa, ungabi nabo babeza, ubuncinane e Sevastopol. Enyanisweni, uvukelo kwi Cruiser "Ochakov" ilungiselelwe kwaye waphunyezwa kuzo zonke Schmidt, kwaye iqela umothuko, eliquka amalungu komhlaba yamaBolshevik NG Antonenko, privateers SP kunye A. I. Gladkova. Ke kuyacaca ukuba kwakufuneka umntu unandipha iwonga ethile yaye enxibe iyunifomu yomkhosi. Kwi igosa liciko waphawula ezininzi bonke, ngemihla ezidlulileyo yemvukelo. Ngoko Schmidt ke waba ngumphefumlo ophilileyo "isibhengezo." Le ngendima kuyacaca injani.

Njengoko Schmidt wayala fleet

Imvukelo kwi Cruiser "Ochakov" senzeka Novemba 13 Novemba 14 sele kufika kwi enqanaweni akhululwa kwizisele sombutho, sele unxibe epaulets umthetheli abakuluhlu lwesibini. Kukho ukwazi: ngokungqinelana etafileni kwezikhundla ecaleni emva elinye twatse isihloko, kwaye umhlala-phantsi, iya kwabelwa ngokuzenzekelayo. Noko ke, into yokuba ukulwa nxamnye lobuzwilakhe unobubele makenjenje seteksi kunye amabakala, ithetha lukhulu. Ngubani wafika igosa inqanawa nangoko wayalela otsemaforit eqale yayo kwisikhundla sokuba umphathi yonke lwezithuthi, kwaye ukunika uMlawuli yocingo befuna inguqu zezopolitiko. Ukongeza, wayetyelela iiyunithi asemkhosini ngempumelelo basifunza amaqela ukuxhasa ngumvukeli.

Grigorieva version

Isibakala sokuba umyalelo yomkhosi wamanzi nangoko wayalela ingcinezelo nangoko nakhohlakeleyo yemvukelo, nto emangalisayo wayengekho. Kodwa ezi ziganeko, kukho esinye isizathu esibangela ukuba evumela kancinane ngokwahlukileyo ukuqonda kwabo. Le mbali odumileyo Anatoly Grigoriev le mvukelo kwi "Ochakovo" ubhale iqela lamanqaku apho kuye kucace ukuba abagqithiseleyo ngexesha amanyathelo ngqongqo. Inyaniso kukuba iinqanawa labavukeli phantse nangoko wavula umlilo enzima, nto leyo kwaqhubeka emveni kokuba lupwa mission kungekudala kufezwa, kwaye uxhathiso ukuba livunyelwe. Ukongeza, le Cruiser akwazi ukunika nenduna epheleleyo, njengoko umsebenzi sele akukagqitywa - yena ekukuyo ukugqitywa kunye nezixhobo, ulime, oko kukuthi, Kakade ke, wonk 'wayazi.

Version na ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: nshita ngaphambili ngomhla enqanaweni "uMofokeng" series, lo Cruiser Russian "Ochakov" yayisakhiwa ephule ezininzi zobuchwepheshe, yaye ukwakha sele ehamba kakubi igunya, ochazwa izimali eqhelekileyo. Abantu ababandakanyekayo kule ubuqhetseba lolwaphulo-mthetho, bafuna ukuba bafihle khondo. Xa qhankqalazo yaqala kwi Cruiser "Ochakov", bayithabatha njenge ithuba lokuba balahle ubungqina, apho inqanawa uyagula-lombutho. Umphumela uye wancipha ezininzi umonakalo omkhulu enqanaweni. Xumbu kwayo Baphela - nditsho ubusela, eyakhelwe isazela nokumkani.

iziphumo

Namhlanje kuyenzeka ukuba kungafundiswa amathuba phezulu, njengoko kunjalo. Imvukelo kwi Cruiser "Ochakov", njengamanye iimeko ezininzi mass nalukreqo yomkhosi kunye waselwandle, yaba sisiphumo yalawo ye-Social-Democratic Party, balwa ngandlela zonke ukuba buthathaka laseRashiya tsarist nokuba ngendleko ukoyiswa zomkhosi. Iingxaki semkhosini, Kakade ke, bona. Ngaphezu koko, ukuba yaye ziya kusoloko kulo naliphi ilizwe. Ukuba ukutya ezikumgangatho ophezulu ngokwaneleyo yintoni unobangela yemvukelo (kunye nezibonelelo abalobi ngokubanzi, ebesoloko kakuhle kakhulu, nkqu ngemilinganiselo yanamhlanje), iinkokheli zelizwe kufuneka acinge nzima aze athathe amanyathelo ezingxamisekileyo angqongqo ukuthintela iziganeko ezinjalo kwixesha elizayo. Nangona ukufa izivakalisi ngokuchasene baphembeleli (Schmidt, Gladkov, kunye Antonenko Chastnik badutyulwa kwi Berezan), yayenziwe izigqibo kakhulu na. Kukho nezinye iziganeko ezibuhlungu ezininzi, ebizwa i-revolution yokuqala Russian, inxalenye leyo wombhodamo kwi Cruiser "Ochakov". Umhla "1905" ngoko bonke zipeyintwe igazi umbala obomvu.