Imveliso Intsalela - na umqondo ephakathi ka Marxism

imveliso Intsalela - yingcamango zemathematika, nolwathi lwaphuhliswa Karlom Marksom. Waqala kuqala ukusebenza ngo-1844, emva kokufunda incwadi kaYakobi Mill kaThixo "Elements of Economy Political." Noko ke, imveliso intsalela - asinto kusungulwa Marx. Concept, ingakumbi, wasebenzisa Physiocrats. Noko ke, ukuba Marx walibeka embindini ukufunda imbali kwezoqoqosho.

In the ezakudala

imveliso Intsalela - kwakuwo lungeniselo ezinzulu phezu iindleko. Ngenxa kuqoqosho eyenza ubutyebi. Noko ke, imveliso intsalela ayikho umdla ngokwayo, yintoni ebalulekileyo nendlela osichaphazela ngayo ukukhula kwezoqoqosho. Kwaye oko kungelula kangaka ukuchaza. Ngamanye amaxesha imveliso surplus - kusisiphumo zokuthengiswa kwempahla ekhoyo. Kwakhona kuvela inkqubo yokwandisa ixabiso ongezwe kwimveliso. Yaye yafunyanwa njani imveliso surplus iya kuxhomekeka kuya kukuchaphazela njani ukukhula kwezoqoqosho.

Ngaloo ndlela, kodwa ekuhambeni kubabetha ngenxa kwezinye, ngokudala lwemveliso ezintsha okanye edibanisa zombini ezi nkqubo. Kangangeenkulungwane eziliqela noosozoqoqosho ayikwazanga ukufikelela kwimvumelwano ukuba ayinonophele njani ingqalelo kuphela ubutyebi ezongezelelwayo ezaye zadalwa yi lizwe. Physiocrats, umzekelo, wayekholelwa ukuba umba kuphela umhlaba.

imveliso Intsalela: kwenkcazelo Marx

In "Capital", sidibana kunye ingqiqo abasebenzayo. Le yinxalenye yabantu, nto leyo idala imveliso lwentlalo. Le yokugqibela kuquka yonke imveliso kweempahla kunye neenkonzo ezintsha kangangexesha elithile. Marx izahlule kuquka imveliso oluyimfuneko surplus. Eyokuqala ibandakanya zonke ezo iimveliso ezisetyenziswa ukugcina umgangatho okhoyo lokuphila. Kuyinto ilingane ixabiso lilonke lokwanda kwabantu. Ngenxa yoko, esaleleyo-mveliso - a surplus yemveliso. Kwaye isasazwe ukuze isigqibo iklasi elilawulayo kunye nabasebenzi. Xa uqala kuqala, le nto ilula kakhulu, kodwa ke ubalo surplus-mveliso lugcwele okunene kunye ubunzima obukhulu. Kwaye kukho izizathu ezininzi:

• Inxalenye umsebenzi imveliso loluntu kufuneka ihlale inkenteza reserve.
• Enye into nzima eli gama - oko wabantu okhulayo. Enyanisweni, oko kuyimfuneko ukuvelisa ngaphezu kubonakala, xa sibala kuphela inani labantu ekuqaleni konyaka.
• Intswela-ngqesho ayikho zero. Ngoko ke, kusoloko kukho inxalenye yabantu yokusebenza-ubudala ukuba okunene uhlala ngokuxhaphaza abanye. Kwaye isebenzisa imveliso bangathathelwa ingqalelo njenge surplus.

isikali

In "Capital" Marx oko ukufumanisa indlela ukubala njani imveliso surplus iyonke. Ukuba unomdla kakhulu neentlobano zoluntu ezinxulumene nayo. Noko ke, kucacile ukuba imveliso enanini luboniswe ngokwemiqathango emzimbeni, iiyunithi emali kunye neeyure zomsebenzi. Ukubala ukuba ufuna le datha ilandelayo:

• Uluhlu kunye nomthamo kwemveliso.
• Iimpawu kwisakhiwo labemi.
• Ingeniso kunye nenkcitho.
• Inani leeyure abameli imisebenzi ezahlukeneyo.
• Ukutyiwa.
• Awohluke zobalo.

ukusetyenziswa

Xa ukuveliswa ezinye iimveliso zabemi kwaye wadala abanye. Noko ke, ingeniso akalingani amaxabiso. Imveliso surplus incinane wadalwa kuloo macandelo ezinika imbuyekezo iphantsi. Esi sigaba kwicandelo lokuqala. Ngokomzekelo, ezolimo. Imveliso Intsalela iziphumo zingasetyenziswa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Ndidlale.
• Kubekelwe okanye ukugcina up.
• Ingaphela.
• Ukuthengiswa.
• Uyityala.

Cinga umzekelo olula. Masithi kukho iimeko zemozulu elungileyo, sakwazi ukufumana isivuno esihle kunyaka ophelileyo. Akwanelanga nje ukuba ukuhlangabezana neemfuno bonke abantu, kodwa wahlala surplus. Yintoni esiya kuyenza nabo? Okokuqala, unako ushiye ukuba kubola entsimini. Kulo mzekelo, imveliso surplus aya kuchithwa. Unga kwakhona ukubeka okugqithiseleyo kuloo yokugcina, azithengise kwaye uthenge nezinye iimveliso, ukuba ahlwayele iindawo ezongezelelweyo. Le yokugqibela yi-analogue le utyale. Thina imithombo ezamahala ezikhoyo ukuze ukongeza ngakumbi ubutyebi bethu kwixa elizayo.