Imizimba Collective - yintoni na le nto?

iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezinto ezakhiweyo inhlangano imisebenzi yabo yemihla ngemihla ungakwazi bebonke. Ukulungiselela le njongo imizimba ezidityanelweyo - kungaba amabhunga njengoko ezahlukeneyo okanye uthunywa, kunye neekomiti zobungcali. data ebhodi ngokusisigxina okanye okwethutyana, babe kumgangatho igunya eyahlukileyo, ubume ezahlukeneyo kwaye enze neendidi zemisebenzi yalo mbutho. Amaxesha amaninzi, ezi abasemagunyeni ziyaxhotyiswa ukuba ukuthatha izigqibo ezithile ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba labo ubuchule, nabo ukulawula okanye akhethe Director Executive. Amaxesha amaninzi ezi osebenza nabo ukuba enze imisebenzi zokucebisa, esivumela intloko izigwebo kwaziswa kwimiba eyahlukeneyo.

Ingcamango collegiality

Igama elithi "collegiality 'sisuka collegium elithi Latin, nto translation lithetha" intsebenziswano ". Collegiality kuvamile ukuba ezahlukeneyo imibutho zorhwebo kunye engenzi ngeniso, kunye nee-arhente ezahlukeneyo karhulumente, kuquka iijaji, zesiGqeba mthetho, amaqela ezopolitiko, yaye kubonakala njengeqela ingxoxo kunye nabameli abasuka ukwamkela ekugqibeleni yesigwebo le imibono kunye neziphakamiso.

IBhunga inani labantu abafumana isisombululo enjalo ibizwa ngokuba "iBhodi" okanye "umzimba lonxibelelwano". Ejaji iya isigqibo ngemiba eyahlukeneyo (imisebenzi ethile, uququzelelo komsebenzi, nokuphelisa iingxaki) kwintlanganiso yeqela amagosa agunyazisiweyo okanye abameli.

Zonke umzimba nolawulo lwabax- mbutho kufuneka ubunjwe ngokungqongqo: kunyanzelekile ukuba ubukho uxwebhu ezabelwe lona kunye nezibonelelo ebhodini, kwakunye nabasebenzi yolawulo, equka uNobhala kunye uSihlalo. Phantse onke amabhunga yokuhlangana wangena protocol. Ngokuba imisebenzi eqhubekayo ibhodi zenziwe yaye yamkele isicwangciso ethile. Ngu amaxwebhu olawulo umzimba lonxibelelwano zonke iintlobo izigqibo kunye namasiko.

ulwazi zembali

Imfuneko ukuvela imizimba lonxibelelwano ziye ngokwembali zabangelwa ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• imfuneko yokulawula kwisebe elawulayo;
• iminqweno yabo bonke amalungu bonke abaphulaphuli;
• imfuneko yokuba amasebe yenkundla kunye mthetho;
• lunciphisa ubungozi iimpazamo kwizigqibo;
• intshayelelo yamava phambili kunye nolwazi phambili.

umzimba wolawulo - oku kusisichasi ubunye umyalelo ezisetyenziswa kuquka ekupheliseni into zabantu.

Ngokusemthethweni waqinisekisa, ukuba ibhodi yokuqala - liziko oomantyi, abeza emva kwinkulungwane IV BC eRoma yamandulo. Phantsi kwezi oomantyi ibisekwe yiphaneli abantu ezilishumi - decemvirs ngamandla yowiso-mthetho. Ukuqulunqwa kwale Institute isisombululo ilahle kwamkele izilangazelelo zonke iiklasi yoluntu.

Umgaqo-nkqubo we Communist Party eSoviet Union iye ingqalelo ekudalweni iiplanga uxanduva kuphela. Ngokutsho VI Ulyanov (uLenin), le ndibanisela engabandakanywayo wowona indlela ayinyani nokunqanda iimpazamo, ukusetyenziswa ulwazi namava abo bonke abantu ababandakanyekayo kule ngxoxo kunye uxanduva ngokupheleleyo lwabameli akhoyo, usazisa isigqibo ehlangeneyo.

Types of imizimba lonxibelelwano

amalungu kwiintlanganiso iqela ukulawula ubume bombutho enze kuyo nayiphi na imisebenzi yolawulo. Ngenxa yemishini yayo, lo Collegiate umbutho olawulo ezikolo nohlulwe iingcebiso, ulawulo kunye actuators.

yeengcebiso

Kulawulo loluntu kukho imizimba zokubonisana amaninzi, eziquka ibhodi karhulumente, ikhomishini kunye amacebo. Imisebenzi kuliwe ezi ntlanganiso ziquka ingxoxo iinketho ze izicwangciso zolawulo, ekuqulunqweni mibuzo uze ukhethe leyo izisombululo ilungileyo, uphando kunye nohlahlelo iingxaki uze ukufumana indlela yokuphuma.

Collegiality kulo mzekelo ludlala indima ebalulekileyo: kuba kuvumela ukuthathela ingqalelo izimvo ilungu ngalinye, ekukho ekuhlaleni, ukuba lilungu amava ngokuhlangeneyo kunye nolwazi, ndayihlela yonke bokuqonda ingxaki enokwenzeka kunye ukuthembela izilangazelelo elimele ngamnye. Kodwa nangona ukuqwalaselwa yonke imiba nokuphuhlisa iingcebiso lujongene kunye nebhunga lolawulo lonxibelelwano, isigqibo sokugqibela lixhomekeke kanye phezu yintloko yeziko.

izilawuli

Zonke abameli yebhunga lolawulo lesikolo babe izibophelelo ngokulinganayo kunye namalungelo kuhlahlelo lwemiba ngaphakathi zindlela yeNdibano. Solutions kule bhodi ziyabophelela kuzo zonke amalungu ombutho. Kodwa umntu onjalo nesakhiwo lombutho lebhodi ziquka nawuphi na umntu lo CEO yayo iingxelo kunyanzelekile ukuba iqumrhu lolawulo nothobela ngokupheleleyo ngaye.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, la maqela ukulawula iziko kwelona nqanaba liphezulu (umzekelo, kwintlanganiso wabaseki kwezakhiwo). Ibhodi elolu hlobo ingqalelo imiba kwinqanaba lehlabathi, kuquka nobhango kuhlela.

executive

Zonke actuators ukulawula (yedwa, bazibone) ukusebenzisa izinto zokusebenza lolawulo iqumrhu loshishino.

Abathathi-nxaxheba womzimba ekhokelwa ngugunyaziwe olawulayo kuphela ukulawula ngqo mbutho. Ngelo uMlawuli Jikelele ayinalo igunya nendinokudlulisela umgwebo ngokuzimeleyo ebhodi elawulayo.

Ngokwakhe yedwa esilawulayo ziya kusebenza egameni lombutho ngokusekelwe nemimiselo yayo, oko unelungelo ukusombulula yonke imiba ukuwugqitha amagunya neminye imibutho zeziko.

Ngokomzekelo, umzimba esilawulayo kunokubangela yiBhodi yabaLawuli. Eli qumrhu lolawulo lonxibelelwano isetyenziswa kwimibutho zorhwebo, iinkampani ezinkulu mveliso, izinto ezixhalabisayo kunye nezinye izakhiwo zamashishini. Yena ikwaqwalasela nemiba yenkxaso-mali, ukuthenga nokuthengisa lezabelo, ixesha langoku, yaye inika ulawulo yomsebenzi yangoku lweshishini.

Ngokubanzi, ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo isigqibo lonxibelelwano ukhetho umzimba lokugqibela kwenzeka mhlawumbi kuvotwa okanye umlawuli kuphela. Ifomu collegiality - zeengcebiso okanye isigqibo - umiselwa izenzo lwezomthetho kumaziko karhulumente okanye imibutho mnqophiso.

College of Administration Public

imizimba Public Administration afakwa luhlobo lwamandla, le amaziko azimeleyo yezopolitiko kunye kwindawo ethile nefuthe kwaye wasinika kunye ngobuchule nolwazi lukarhulumente imperious. Apapasha izenzo zomthetho ukuba abulawe compulsorily. umzimba Collective ubuchule jikelele, ekuqhubeni ulawulo urhulumente kufuneka abonelele iliso ekuphunyezweni izigqibo ezithathwe kwimeko-lokungathobeli isicelo nezohlwayo violators. Kwangaxeshanye, imisebenzi izixhobo karhulumente ilinganiselwe ngokucacileyo ngaphandle kwakhe nekhono kulawulwa mimiselo, ukuba ningazicingeli ngaphezu koko ke akanalo ilungelo.

Ezona mpawu ziphambili lolawulo ziquka:

• amagunya karhulumente;
• ukungena izixhobo karhulumente;
• nokuphunyezwa kweenjongo kunye neenjongo igama elo lizwe;
• imithetho karhulumente ukuze ngqo ebekiweyo wesiseko;
• isakhiwo kuphakanyiswa ethile kunye kwinqanaba elithile nolwazi;
• Ingxelo kurhulumente ngenxa yomsebenzi wabo;
• nokuphunyezwa kwe ulawulo;
• nokufezekisa nemisebenzi izixhobo karhulumente olawulo kunye nezolawulo.

Ezahlukahlukeneyo iibhodi zikarhulumente

Government ubume bombutho yahlulwe amasebe eziliqela, mvisiswano leyo, kwelinye icala, ikwaquka kumalungu alo ibhodi ethile.

1. Le igunya lolawulo luphawulwa iibhodi zilandelayo:

• ibhunga likamasipala - emiselwe ukuphunyezwa kwe wengingqi self-government;
• IBhunga laBaphathiswa - ukhandwa umzekeliso kwiSoviet yeKhabhinethi yaBaphathiswa;
• Ministry of amacebiso;
• YiKhabhinethi Abaphathiswa - le yolawulo ehlanganyelweyo ephezulu igunya loluntu ulawulo.

Kuxhomekeka kuhlobo Ngamandla andigunyazisayo kunye namabhunga olawulo zezi ntlobo zilandelayo:

• imizimba amakhono ahlukeneyo, ukwenza eqhelekileyo kuwo onke amacandelo imisebenzi karhulumente (Ministry of Economy);
• imizimba nolwazi ngokubanzi, equka ulawulo zemimandla kunye noorhulumente ukuba nokulawula ntsimi subordinated nokuqinisekisa ukuyilwa lwentlalo-qoqosho kunye nenkcubeko;
• imizimba Industry ncam, ukulawula omnye amacandelo subordinated (Ministry of Health).

2. I-mthetho, ngenxa yokuba ilizwe labo; ikwaquka imizimba ehlangeneyo. Zezi:

• INdibano yesiZwe, ezifunyenwe kwamanye amazwe;
• iNdlu Yeengwevu;
• EPalamente.

3. Ubume izixhobo igunya lenkundla ibandakanya:

• IsiQinisekiso Ibhodi High yaBagwebi, sicinga ubulungu kwilizwe elithile.
• I Ephakamileyo Council yezeeJaji.

4. amabhunga olawulo ezidityanelweyo zezona ibhodi nabo baqalisa ukusebenzisana i ithi ezimbalwa entsimini ubudlelane zezopolitiko phakathi kwamazwe, ezifana North Atlantic Council - ibhodi NATO kaThixo.

College Ltd.

charter nkampani anokuba ukuze kwakhiwe uluntu kunye enomda kubutyala ibhodi (kunga ibhodi yabalawuli okanye esomphathi), ilandelwe yi nokubekwa kolawulo lwakhe lwe-arhente yolawulo kunye neminye imisebenzi. Nakuba kunjalo, ukwakhiwa umzimba lonxibelelwano akukho ngpahmbi ngobukho mbutho.

Inani 312-FZ of 30.12.2008, umisela kobuchule lonxibelelwano umzimba kwinkampani yolawulo, nto leyo iquka:

• ulawulo kwimisebenzi yentlangano;
• ukuyilwa imizimba yesigqeba iziko, ukupheliswa amagunya abo kunye nokudluliselwa lwamalungelo IP, okanye umbutho;
• kujongwa umthamo umvuzo subjects isakhiwo elawulayo;
• imvume uphicotho, ukubalwa kwemali kweenkonzo umphicothi;
• ingqalelo kunye nokwamkelwa kwamaxwebhu zangaphakathi;
• ukusekwa amasebe kunye ofisi ummeli;
• uhlalutyo imiba ngokuthandwa imicimbi zorhwebo, kubandakanywa elikhulu;
• ekusombululeni iingxaki zamalungiselelo nokubamba yentlanganiso odibeneyo onke amalungu yeziko;
• Eminye imiba ezingaqukwanga kwi imihlaba besikhundla imizimba olawulo kunye intlanganiso jikelele onke amalungu ziko.

Ngokutsho komthetho № 99-FZ ezinye iingxaki ekufuneka isonjululwe kwinqanaba yentlanganiso jikelele ukuze zingeniswe kwibhodi ingxoxo. Niyazi ukuba umthetho zezi: izilungiso namanqaku onxulumano, ukuvunywa amaxwebhu ezingekhoyo abasemthethweni ukwandisa capital share ngokuthi zokutsala imali evela ngaphandle, ukuyilwa namanye amaqumrhu olawulo, ekuvalweni lweshishini.

umzimba Collective ubuchule jikelele, ekuqhubeni ulawulo nkampani, ubonelela nxaxheba lebhodi malungelo alandelayo:

• ukufumana ulwazi malunga nemisebenzi yeziko, ufikelelo engasikelwanga accounting kunye namanye amaxwebhu;
• umngeni Iintengiselwano yeNkampani ngokususela umthetho Limited yeTyala Companies okanye Inqaku 174 of the Code Civil;
• ibango lembuyekezo of umonakalo owabangelwa ngumbutho ngokungqinelana neSiqendu 53,1 ye-Code Civil.

Inani namalungu amabhunga olawulo kufuneka ngaphezulu kwekota enye yamalungu adibeneyo ebandla. abasemagunyeni lonxibelelwano anganyula umphathi, owathi, nangona kunjalo, akanalo ilungelo lokuba akhokele intlanganiso lonxibelelwano lulonke.

College of omkhosi

Banikwa ilungu imeko ethile, imizimba zeengcebiso zilandelayo ahluka:

• imbeko igosa seNkundla, injongo yayo kuqondwa kwigama - wadalwa ngayo ukukhusela isidima abongameli;
• ibhunga umkhosi - igama imvelaphi yembali.

Semkhosini apho kwaye abasemagunyeni lonxibelelwano. Umzekelo iSebe lezoKhuselo.

ulawulo Umgaqo semkhosini kuwo onke amazwe esekelwe umanyano umyalelo - iintlanganiso ziyabanjwa ngokohlobo iintlanganiso kwaye zengcebiso indalo. Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo meko kunye imiyalelo ekhoyo wamajoni, ethathela ingqalelo izimvo zabantu, bonke unit ngqwayi balungiselela iintlanganiso zabasebenzi kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo kwingxelo kunye neeyunithi zomkhosi.

Kukho amaxesha xa umphathi ibhodi Imida indawo man yolawulo. Umzekelo, entendelezweni igosa nembeko waka izimvo zingakuchaphazeli isisombululo jikelele amalungu ebandla, umthetheli unako ukubhena kuphela.

in Education Management

Ngokutsho Inqaku-26 lomThetho Federal № umbutho yemfundo 273 kufuneka ukulawula intende umlawuli - umlawuli, intloko okanye onguMphathi. Ekupheleni umthetho sichaza peer nabasemagunyeni kwezemfundo, ezo yahlulwe ayisosinyanzelo kwaye yokuzikhethela.

Phakathi ulawulo ozikhethelayo zezi waphawula:

• i Board of Trustees, elawula inkcitho mali yoncedo izinto;
• IBhodi nelawula - IBhodi, ekuqhubeni ulawulo nolwaluso;
• IQumrhu Council, equka abazali kunye nabafundi abafumana arhente izisombululo zolawulo ezinyanzelekileyo.

Olugunyazisiweyo umzimba ulawulo adibeneyo yootitshala yamatyala, eyayiqokelelwe ngootitshala ukusombulula imiba oluqhubekayo kweziko lilonke inkqubo yezemfundo, ingakumbi ngokuphathelele kumgangatho abafundi 'ulwazi kunye nezakhono zootitshala. Kwakhona kwakuquka yokuhlangana kunye nemibutho yabasebenzi ', ukuxoxa yobungcali, abasebenzi kunye nemiba yezoqoqosho enxulumene kubudlelwane umsebenzi-boss.

Oogxa kwezinye iindawo

Ezinye nabo akazange ezingekhoyo iqumrhu elilawulayo esisigxina. Zonke workshops kuqhubeka njengoko kufuneka ukusombulula iingxaki ezithile.

Inkqubo izidumbu lwempilo ngokuhlangeneyo - Kuyinto babonisana yingqokelela koogqirha moshilongo kunye nonyango isigulane ngasinye kwimeko lwembambano.

Kukho abasemagunyeni zonqulo - is:

• Ulema Council - Intlanganiso Islamic State, leyo unawo amandla kuphela ukusombulula le mibuzo ngabefundisi, kodwa isebenze njenge isakhiwo kwegunya lowiso-mthetho;
• mihlangano bahlanganisana yamaKatolika Church of the Iikhadinali kwi unyulo Pope.

Kwiimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo yokusebenza imveliso zemidlalo kweembaleki wathwala kwiphaneli yabagwebi (yenkundla okanye iqela).

Ukushwankathela, singatsho ukuba ibhunga lolawulo ngokuhlangeneyo na iqela labantu, benawo eziliqela amagunya ukuya kwimibandela elinobuchule kuyo. Kuxhomekeka emiselweyo kwi charter yeziko ezifana College, iingcebiso ibe sicelwe okanye siyabophelela. uhlobo yengxoxo of collegiality isetyenziselwa ukubonelela izindululo ezithile kubalawuli abaphezulu. Ifom awalithabathayo ubomi sifaka zomanyano wenza isigqibo kungakhathaliseki usihlalo wale ntlanganiso.

Collegium afumaneka phantse onke amacandelo umsebenzi noluntu. Oku kungenxa yokuba co-imiba ineendlela ezininzi, elikuvumela ukuba uthathe ingqalelo iimfuno zabo bonke abameli, yaye lunciphisa ubungozi iimpazamo, nto leyo iintambo jikelele ukuba ukusebenza kunye nocikizeko yokusombulula ingxaki.