Imigaqo 10 Declaration of waMalungelo oMntwana. Declaration of the Rights of umntwana: a isishwankathelo

Mthetho olujoliswe abantwana abafikisayo zenziwe kuyo yonke indawo. Inkqubo yokuqala ezisemthethweni amalungelo umntwana yabanjwa e-Australia ngenkulungwane XIX emva kwexesha. Emva koko, iinkundla efanayo baye baqala imisebenzi yabo Kannada kunye eUnited States. Noko ke, amaxwebhu imfuno, isiseko somthetho apho ukuze enze izigqibo ezifanelekileyo kunye namasiko.

Ukuvikela abantwana

Ekubeni Geneva Declaration of the Rights womntwana wabonakala kuqala ngo-1924. Ushwankathe- kuziwa echaza imigaqo emihlanu ukuba ukugcina abantwana ebukhobokeni, ngemizimba nokurhweba. Oku kwaba intuthuko ebonakalayo kumthetho wamazwe ngamazwe, kodwa efunekayo kunye nezinye ekukhuseleni abantwana. I-UN General Assembly sele kugqitywe uxwebhu Geneva ekhoyo yaye yamkela version entsha.

I-Declaration entsha amalungelo abantwana 1959 baye ezibhalwe kwinguqulelo epheleleyo ngakumbi. ababhekisi phambili zayo ziye zachongwa abantu linoxanduva lokubonelela, ukufundisa, ukufundisa abantwana, kodwa musa ukuyenza loo nto.

10 imigaqo izibhengezo umntwana unamalungelo yokuzunguleza noxanduva abadala nabantwana. Ngokufutshane, konke oko kuhle ehlabathini, bobabo abantwana abafikisayo kunye ayikwazi asuswe kubo a yiyo.

isimiso 1

Bonke abantwana, akunamsebenzi nokuba yintoni ilizwe bazalwa, yintoni iminyaka yabo, ibala, ubume bentlalo - banamalungelo alinganayo kunye noontanga babo. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba laphulwe, understated okanye irhoxisiwe ngokupheleleyo.

isimiso 2

Wonke umntwana unelungelo lokuba nesidima kunye nethuba lokuphuhlisa ngokuziphatha, ngokwenyama, ngokomoya.

isimiso Third

Bonke abantwana - ezi zifundo yamazwe ahlala kuyo, ngoko ke urhulumente linyanzelekile ukuba ukunika izizwe zabo kunye nabazali - igama.

isimiso 4

Ukuze akhule kakuhle kwaye nokuphuhlisa, umntwana unelungelo nokhathalelo lwezentlalo kunye nenkxaso sonyango kunikwa kunina ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwanangaphambi wosana olo azalwe. ixesha Kwasemva kufuneka zibonelelwe ngoncedo kurhulumente. Abantwana banelungelo lokuba yokulala nokutya.

ubudala School, Ngokwezibalo, le ayekelele ezininzi ngendlela engakhuselekanga ukuze luvo, ingakumbi declaration yayo iinkcukacha amalungelo omntwana. Isishwankathelo umgaqo yesi-4 sicacisa imfuneko yokuba kubekwe iliso rhoqo ngemeko abantwana, ingakumbi abasuka kwiintsapho ezihlelelekileyo. Injongo kweekhamera - ukuthintela iintsilelo psyche kunye lokusekwa ezaneza kunye nezinye notyekelo zophendlo lwezifo.

isimiso 5

Ezineziphene (ngokwasemzimbeni okanye ngokwasengqondweni) abantwana kufuneka banikwe yinkathalelo ebalulekileyo kunye nengqalelo.

isimiso 6

Wonke umntwana unelungelo lokuba uthando lwabazali kunye norhulumente kabani ummi yena.

isimiso 7

Bonke abantwana kufuneka bafunde simahla. Banalo ilungelo lokudlala kunye nokuphuhlisa. Abazali kufuneka abanike ithuba. Kufuneka kwakhona ukuba bafundise abantwana uxanduva kunye luncedo kuluntu lwabo.

Enye imigaqo-10 Declaration of Rights oMntwana ichaza umdlalo njengendlela bafunde ngehlabathi. Abazali kufuneka unyanzelekile ukuba bafundise ubomi abantwana ngendlela umdlalo. uncedo olufanelekileyo unokuba cartoons elungileyo kunye neencwadi. Umntwana esemncinane liye kuqonda ukuba awukwazi buhlungu abantwana, izilwanyana sentuthumbo. Ulwazi okungena ingqondo kule minyaka yokuqala yobomi, kudala iqonga uzinzo ezingqondweni izangoma kwixesha elizayo.

Umgaqo 8

Amalungelo umntwana uchazwa ithuba lokuqala ukufumana uncedo.

isimiso 9

Declaration ukhusela abantwana kakubi nokuxhatshazwa. Umntwana kufuneka abayi kucelwa ukuba enze umsebenzi benzakalise kuphuhliso kunye nozinzo ngokweemvakalelo. Ngokuba abantwana kufuneka usebenzise amandla. Imfundo kufuneka kwenzeke ngendlela ecacisiweyo, ezicengayo. unyango Ukhohlakele kuthetha naziphi na iintlobo zobundlobongela: ngokwasemzimbeni, ngokwesondo, nasengqondweni.

Russia ilawula uxanduva ezongezelelweyo kwiimeko apho amalungelo umntwana baye anyhashwa. Nangona kunjalo, la manani kwamatyala yonyaka Kuyacaphukisa! Oku esidityaniswe kwinqanaba elisezantsi zentlalo yabemi. Ukuthatha imigaqo-10 le-Declaration of Rights oMntwana kunye Convention, kumthetho Russian yamkela amanqaku ze-Civil Code, iKhowudi zoLwaphulo kunye UK.

Ugonyamelo kuthathwa amanyathelo anxulumene engabekwa bentshukumo, ukohlwaywa ngokubethwa, bakrwada, ukwehla umntwana, izisongelo, ukwenzakala nawuphi na umzimba psyche.

isimiso 10

Wonke umntwana unelungelo lokuba ngokonwaba apho abadala, ingakumbi abazali, bafundiswa yinkathalelo lwakhe nokuqonda. Akuvunyelwe ukuba ukuzisa abantwana nemvo intiyo yobuhlanga okanye ekuhlaleni. Bonke abantu bayalingana.

CRC

Kamva, ngokusekelwe izibhengezo-10 amalungelo abantwana wadalelwa nasekwenzeni izibonelelo ezitsha weNkomfa, elawula ubudlelwane abantu abadala kunye nabantwana, amalungelo abantwana. Isebenza namhlanje. It iqulathe amanqaku 54.

Convention zamkelwe kwaye zixhaswa kumazwe 193, kuquka naseRashiya. Waba ezihlangwini i-USSR e ukubola yayo. Onke amaqela sivumelwano kunye inxaxheba weNkomfa banyanzelekile ukuba ihlole ngokupheleleyo umthetho balo ukuqinisekisa ukuba onke amanqaku: ilungelo lomntwana lokukhuselwa. Abantwana ingathatyathwa uxwebhu ngamnye, "abadala" ogama ubomi kunye zempilo ezandleni zabazali kunye norhulumente.

I-Universal Declaration of Rights oMntwana, yokusebenziseka yayo yonke anayo ethile ebalulekileyo. Abantwana badla akuyazi ukuba ikhona, kwaye ngenxa yoko ibango ukuba iimfuno zabo aphulwe. Nam i-Declaration okanye i-Convention iinkcukacha akaqondi izikolo ezichaphazelekayo kuphela kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, xa abakwishumi elivisayo baba abadala.

Ukushwankathela, singatsho ukuba imigaqo-10 Declaration of Rights Abantwana banika isiseko esiqinileyo amaxwebhu eneenkcukacha ezininzi ezifana Convention of Civil and Code Family. Violators amalungelo abantwana lukho imithetho lizwe apho wenza khona ulwaphulo-mthetho nxamnye umntu. ERashiya, oko yinxalenye uxanduva mthetho. Kubalulekile ukufundisa abantwana ukuba ungoyiki ukucela uncedo xa amalungelo abo anyashwa.