Imfundiso Maslow ngayo nezizathu

Imbali inzululwazi uyazi amalinge amaninzi ukuthethelela ezi okanye ezinye iintshukumisa zezinto ezenziwa luluntu, kubonakala ukuba umba ngokubanzi kufuneka kuqwalaselwa ngokwemeko imibuzo i "obungunaphakade", wazibeka phezu belingana uLizo "ngubani mna", "into" ukuba " ndinako "njalo-njalo. Phakathi iingqiqo mihla ejoliswe ekuqinisekiseni ukuba uphendule umbuzo malunga iintshukumisa zezinto ezenziwa luluntu kunokubangela ithiyori ukukhula Alderfera, imfundiso kweemfuno ezifunyenwe lomphuhlisi McClelland, Herzberg ingqiqo izinto ezimbini kunye nenani kwabanye.

Ngeminyaka yoo-amahlanu yenkulungwane lokugqibela, a livakale ebalulekileyo lesayensi kwabangela ithiyori nezizathu Maslow kaThixo, izazinzulu sele iphuhlisiwe, ekuqaleni ugxininise imfuneko ukudala iinkqubo zale mihla yolawulo lokuziphatha yezentlalo noqoqosho kuluntu post-mveliso.

Njengoko kuqalwa wemfundiso yabo, Maslow wavela ukwamkelwa malungiselelo, ngoko yaba Imeko ukuqulunqa iingcamango ezingundoqo ngobhalo ezixhasayo.

Ngoko ke, Maslow wayesithi ukuba iimfuno zabantu - injongo Enyanisweni, kulo mzekelo, akumanqanaba ahlukeneyo ikhona, yena usenokuvakalelwa kukuba abathile kubo, ngoko ke omnye. Ngaphezu koko, abanye babo wabonakalisa ubomi, ngoxa abanye - manqaphanqapha. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, i-nzulu ufumana ubukho uluhlu lweemfuno zabantu, kwaye, ngenxa yoko, le izizathu apho kwakheka. Ngokutsho kwithiyori nezizathu Maslow, ngexesha ebomini, iimfuno akalandelwa wadibana, ukukhuthaza nemcimbi ejoliswe lokwaneliseka kwabo.

Ngokubhekele phaya, ukuba abanye babo sele wadibana, ngoko ke, nayo, zenza iintshukumisa "ukuthatha" ye kwinqanaba eliphezulu. Ngokusekelwe kule simo, Ukuhlelwa A.Maslou ithathe yephiramidi, isiseko wasifaka iimfuno ngumba ophambili. Oku - bokuphila: ukutya, ukuphumla, ukulala kunye neminye imiba ye zokuziphilisa emzimbeni ngamnye sabaqalayo. Ngokutsho kwithiyori lokukhuthazwa Maslow, iimfuno sele yanelisiwe, musa abamenza umoni umntu ukuba iyasebenza, yaye ukongezelela, ubume babo linamandla - ukubuyisela lowo esele yanelisekile, kuza enye - loo ukufuduka.

Iphiramidi iimfuno ze Maslow, iqulathe amanqanaba ezintlanu (okanye izigaba).

Inxaxheba kwinqanaba lokuqala zicwangciswe abo ezibonelela ukusinda kwabantu ezisisiseko kwi okusingqongileyo njengoko into yemvelo. Le imfuneko umoya ococekileyo, amanzi, izindlu, ukutya, ezolonwabo njalo njalo.

Inyathelo lesibini yimfuneko, ngokusekelwe zawo iinjongo ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko lwabo, kwaye apha ezixhasayo Maslow kuquka na imiba kuphela engokoqobo, kodwa zentlalo - ezixhasayo sayo ukwenza kakuhle ukuze ube nengeniso ephezulu, uphile kamnandi, ukufumana ukhathalelo lwezempilo, njl

Yeyona ixhaphakileyo iimfuno zentlalo ingqalelo womntu -ukuze, konxibelelwano, ukugcina intsebenziswano kunye nobuhlobo entlanganweni kunye nokugcinwa eziphilayo ezidityanelweyo ibekwe phakathi ubume Maslow.

Ngelo kwisigaba sesine kwethiyori Maslow ngayo nkuthazo inika indawo kufuneka ukulamla alawule inqanaba eliphezulu yezizathu zentlalo - ukukhuthaza umsebenzi olunika ingqiqo yentlalo, ekufezekiseni ubume amandla, ibango lokwamkelwa loluntu emithethweni yabantu eluntwini.

Isithende step ahlala iimfuno, ukuqalisa iintshukumisa zakho ezibalulekileyo zentlalo. Apha umntu ishukunyiswa ukuphumeza amagcisa asebenza kwizinga eliphezulu nolwamkelo zabo noluntu.

Ekubeni theory lokukhuthazwa Maslow ibonisa ukuba uqhagamshelwano kwi iphiramidi ziyatshintsha-, oko kukuthi, ekufezekiseni umntu kufuneka zenze, uze ingoma entsha kuyanelisa, kubalulekile ukucinga kwaye akwazi ukuphendula lo mbuzo, yintoni eyenzekayo xa umntu efika yesihlanu, inqanaba lokugqibela le enekona?

Maslow uphendula lo mbuzo ngendlela yokuba impumelelo kulo mgangatho akuthethi akuthethi ukuba kuyenzeka, okanye yokuduka ezithile buthathaka kwemfuno inyathelo ukuyilwa lokukhuthazwa emsebenzini.