Imeko kumazwe mpuma Asia

I-revolution lokuqala Russian kunye nencum yoko omzabalazo wenkululeko eMpuma ikhokelele ekunyukeni ebalulekileyo yomzabalazo wenkululeko yesizwe eMzantsi East Asia. Esi siganeko sikhulu kweli ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XX. Oku kwenzeka ngo-Indonesia kunye Vietnam. Ngowe-1908, nezazi Indonesian wadala umbutho lokuqala kazwelonke Budi Utomo ( "usukelo high"), nosivshuyu ubhalo kwezenkcubeko nezemfundo.

Ngowe-1912 elasekwa apho i "Indo" (mestizos imvelaphi Dutch-Indonesian) iqela Indian okokuqala yaphakamisa umbuzo ukuzimela eli lizwe. Inkoliso imibutho ezinkulu ziye zavela 1912 Sarekat Islam ( "Islamic Union"). Kwimeko-hlukeneyo yeklasi yokungeneli iye kumanyana kumzabalazo ngokuchaseneyo nekoloniyalizim amacandelo ebanzi yoluntu Indonesian phantsi slogans Islamic. Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XX. e Indonesia, ingakumbi Java, baqala umbutho umlimi. Ngowe-1914, Indonesia lasungula Indian Social Democratic Association (ISDF) kuba umbutho lokuqala zentlalo-lwentando yesininzi ngo-Asia. Ngexesha le minyaka, kweli lizwe kwakukho iinkokheli omzabalazo wenkululeko isikali Indonesian yesizwe - Chipto Mangunkusumo, Ki Hajar Dewantara, EF X. Dawes DEKKER, Umar Said oemar uthe tjokroaminoto.

Zomzabalazo wenkululeko yesizwe eVietnam wazilanda kwiindawo ezimbini eziphambili. Omnye wabo thaca wadalwa ngo-1904 uluntu "Vietnam Duy Tan" (eyayikhokelwa Phan Boi Chau) na umbutho wezopolitiko Vietnamese yokuqala ebangele ukuba ukuvuseleleka of ubuzwe. Phan Boi Chau kunye nabalandeli bakhe esetyenziswa kwi anti-neNgonyama slogans recovery kunye ubugrogrisi ngamnye.

Ukususela ngo-1912, iinkokheli kwalo mbutho, uhlelwe ukuvuselelwa Vietnam ( "Vietnam Quang Phuc Hoi"), laqalisa kwisikhundla uhambele. Umsebenzi olululo lenkampani ebangele iliza zocindezelo kunye kuvumelana ngayo amagunya French kunye norhulumente Chinese kukhokelele ekubanjweni iinkokeli zoluntu ababekulo emigratsii.Situatsiya Kumazwe mpuma Asia ...

Enye ulwalathiso abaxhasi yoohlohlesakhe-yedemokhrasi zophuhliso zelizwe esibhakabhakeni headed Phan Chu Trinh. Phantsi yempembelelo iingcamango bakhe lombutho "Dong Kinh nghĩa TCA" - yeVietnam lwentlalo-yemfundo esikolweni. Eyaqala ngo-1907, oko wabeka phambili umsebenzi walo eyintloko ekuqhubeni iinguqu zentlalo democratize ilizwe nokuvusa inqanaba lenkcubeko naroda.V yayo loo minyaka abantu ibalulekileyo indalo ilanga. Ukusuka Solna .Naprimer oko kuxhomekeke kakhulu kuya kuba urazhay abasebenza okulungileyo okanye hayi. Sun ebesoloko ecaleni abemi umhlaba wethu, siyathemba ukuba uya kuhlala ngonaphakade ..

Ngethuba leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi, i-Vietnam Society of imvuselelo umbutho uthotho izenzo abagrogrisi nokuhlaselwa French izikhundla, yaye ngowe-1916 wazama ukukhulisa uvukelo. Imihlaba ngokubanzi intshukumo yamahlwempu wathabatha uhlobo yemveli, ikhokelwa ngu imibutho yenkolo, ingakumbi ngasezantsi.

Imeko kumazwe mpuma Asia