Imbali kunye nokusekwa ATS

Kwiminyaka emithandathu emva kokumiselwa NATO ngo-1955, xa kuthelekiswa manyano yabonakala Umbutho of Warsaw Pact. Ukudala ATS kwaphawula umjikelo omtsha Cold War. Nakuba kunjalo, amazwe yali ngenkuthalo basebenzisane yaye omnye elide ngaphambi kwale. Emva kwemfazwe, ngo-1945, wangumlawuli kumazwe aseMpuma Yurophu ndawonye. Oku kwakungenxa ngokuyinxenye yobukho kula mazwe eentloko ezaxhobela Soviet, kwakunye nemvelaphi psychological jikelele. Phambi ukusekwa ubudlelwane ATS phakathi kwamazwe yali zakhiwa ngokusekelwe kwizivumelwano kwintsebenziswano kunye nobuhlobo. Ngowe-1949 wabonakala iBhunga Uncedo Economic Mutual. Nakuba kunjalo, ukwakhiwa kwe-USSR ngokupheleleyo inyathelo MIA.

amalungu amatsha awodwa zezi: eSoviet Union, Romania, Poland, eMpuma Jamani, eCzechoslovakia, Hungary, Albania kunye Bulgaria. Isivumelwano sisayinwe iminyaka engamashumi amabini kunye ukwandiswa olulula elinye ishumi. Ngowe-1962, Albania wayeka inxaxheba kwibhloko ngenxa umahluko kwezopolitiko. Ngowe-1968, waba ngokupheleleyo kulo.

Idala ATS yaba isenzo emkhosini-ezopolitiko. Oku kungqinwa nkqu isakhiwo amabhunga olawulo weyunithi: umyalelo odibeneyo omkhosi kunye nomzimba yengcebiso kwezopolitiko, ukulungelelanisa umgaqo-nkqubo jikelele amazwe. imfundo ATS wadlala indima enkulu yezopolitiko. Icandelo le ndlela iphambili owanceda eSoviet Union iliso inkampu bobusoshiyali eli lizwe. Ayiqhelileyo imfazwe, sivumelwano nayo ibaluleke kakhulu. Amajoni inxaxheba amazwe yabanjwa imithambo rhoqo elidityanelweyo, kwaye yemihlaba ithi Mpuma baseYurophu iziseko Soviet emkhosini.

Ngowe-1968, amazwe Warsaw Pact ndawonye abantu bangena yeCzechoslovakia ukucinezela iinkqubo lenkululeko ngokwentando yesininzi eli lizwe, leyo ingenako kwexesha sikhokelele ukuphuma yalo unit. Kwimeko Cold War, USSR waba akwamkelekanga ukuphulukana kangaka iqhosha karhulumente zokhuseleko ezifana eCzechoslovakia. Noko ke, ingozi ibalulekileyo kukuba amanye amazwe ukuba ziyalandela.

Ukudala ATS ubonelela yokulingana bonke abathathi-nxaxheba. Noko ke, ukulingana ngokusesikweni amalungu yesivumelwano, ezibe ukuba ngokudibeneyo benze nezigqibo zezopolitiko kunye isosha, ukubonakala kuphela. Ubudlelwane kunye namanye amaqela awodwa eSoviet yahlukile kancinane kulwalamano lwakhe republic yakhe. Zonke izigqibo ezibalulekileyo athathwa eMoscow. History of ATS yimizekelo ezininzi ezinjalo.

Xa, ngexesha perestroika kwi USSR kwabakho utshintsho-nkqubo, eli lizwe ulilahlile imfundiso yolawulo nophazamiso kwimicimbi yangaphakathi nkqu namahlakani ayo entlanganweni. Ngowe-1985, i-nxaxheba iyunithi bahlaziye ubulungu babo kulo eminye iminyaka engama-20. Noko ke, ngo-1989, kwaqalisa ukutshatyalaliswa esebenzayo kwenkqubo yali. Kumazwe yobusoshiyali yaba ngumtshangatshangiso of "neziphithiphithi velvet", yaye kwixesha elifutshane urhulumente wamaKomanisi esaba. Oku, enyanisweni, wabatshabalalisa inkqubo amandla ATS. Emva kokuba iyunithi Uyekile ukwenza ikwayindlela kwezi ziganeko, nto leyo yanceda eSoviet Union ukulawula amazwe aseMpuma Yurophu. Ngowe-1991, i-iSivumelwano ekugqibeleni yaphela kunye ukuwa epheleleyo yenkqubo yobusoshiyali.