Troubadour - oku ... misindo Troubadour

Troubadour - a luhadi lo alubethayo, okanye imbongi-mculi, owayehlala yaye esebenza ngexesha elithile kwindawo ethile. Ngakumbi - e ePovence XI-XII iinkulungwane. Eli gama livela kwi trobar isenzi, Oko evela Provencal (okanye Occitan) lithetha "ukubhala."

indawo awazalelwa kuyo troubadours

Provence (indawo zembali akhiwe kumzantsi-mpuma lizwe) sesona nelaye lasisiseko inkcubeko French kwakunye nobuchule ngababethi kuMbindi Ages aqolileyo wabeka isiseko kulwimi lokuqala zoncwadi - Romanesque. Kungaphikiswa ukuba troubadour - njengomanduleli ngqo zonke iimbongi ka nase- Northern Italy, kwakunye minnesingers ezukisa trouveres uthando, iimbongi zamaxesha aphakathi eyindumasi, kunye wabe, nabo bonke abeza emva kwakhe. Xa XI-XII eminyaka kokuhlangulwa ngendlela kwezoqoqosho ePovence omkhulu, yaye emva kwakhe - yaye imvuselelo nenkcubeko. Kukho uhlobo olulodwa wenkundla yokuziphatha kwe zokulwa ngokusekelwe ukukwazi ukuziphatha kuluntu, ukuze ibe nomdla kwaye ukuba bamxhase kumanenekazi ezintle, ngoko kumnqula ethandekayo njengoko i icon kwaye enze izenzo ezibalaseleyo kunye uqulukubhode ngenxa kuyo. izibongo Provencal, ukukhonza njengomgangatho ukulwenza zonke izizwe ngeenxa zonke, bavuma iindumiso Knights, ngubani na kusebenza lady elihle.

Ukuzalwa of a trend entsha kwiincwadi

Xa ekuqulunqeni ngqo le troubadour - imbongi courtly, ogama imisebenzi predominated amanenekazi ihlelo. Ababhali kunye beqonga zemisebenzi ingqalelo ngokwabo abakhonzi kwaye akhonze zabafazi wamncoma wabanumzana, ubuhle, Ukuntsonkotha, kunye nezinye izinto eziluncedo, ngokunjalo nezenzo ezenziwe kwi egameni Knights yentliziyo ukumkanikazi. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba, xa nshita amaqhawe yobugorha uyayizukisa ubuqhawe abantu, troubadour izibongo kubonisa ukukhula lokuqonda ngamnye. abalinganiswa ezithile, ezifana Tristan okanye i Knights Round Table, ukwenza iintshukumo ezithile egameni ozithandayo yabafazi. Ekukholelwa ukuba troubadour yokuqala, leyo kuthiwa, Guillaume waye IX, iNkosana Aquitaine. Kulo mzekelo, i Troubadour - isiteketiso kakuhle nelilifaneleyo of Imbongi abanetalente kwaye unempumelelo, ngubani na okunike amandla okuqhubela lonke uncwadi French.

Abameli iincwadi courtly

Kuba sokuqala imbongi-kwiimvumi ePovence zezi Gocelmo Fedi, Peire Vidal, Giraut de Bornelh, Giraut Riker kunye nabanye. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, loo troubadours amabhinqa. Siyazi amagama 17. Eyona uthandwayo kubo - Beatrice de Dia. Ngaphezu koko, kwinkulungwane XII, ulawulo feuds ezininzi ezinkulu, apho okhokelwa iigrafu, abakhusela ubugcisa, wegqitha ezandleni zabafazi. Ngokwendalo, okwilizwe Carcassonne, i Duchy of Aquitaine, e Nimes, Narbonne kunye Bezerskom vikonstvah ubugcisa noncwadi yachuma ebudeni bolawulo amanenekazi ibiselityatyambile ngokupheleleyo. Enye imisebenzi edume uncwadi courtly kuthathwa i "Lancelot" Chrétien de Troyes. A inoveli kwivesi ibalaselisa uthando Queen Dzhinerve, umfazi edume Arthur, nezenzo ngenxa kuyo, wenza enye kartel edume i-Round Table Lancelot.

iimpawu ezikhethekileyo troubadours bobuchule

Luhadi ingaba umntu uyakwazi ukuba baqambe uchaze yaye une isixhobo somculo. Kwafuneka ukuba zihlale zinolwazi ngazo zonke iindaba, ingakumbi inkundla, kunye nobuchule yakucengacenga ngokungangqalanga. Ngokusisiseko, troubadours bacula ngothando, intwasahlobo, uvuyo ebomini. Kwaye nangona Albigensian Iphulo (iminyaka 1209-1229 uthotho amaphulo kwenziwa ukuphelisa qhekeko) kwaphela ubukho babo, ezo iimvumi, iimbongi beengoma baye bashiya ilifa lenkcubeko enkulu kunye memory obalaseleyo ngokwakhe. Ukuze ubuchule babo, mvuselelo ebe ungacimi, kwaye ngexesha lethu. kanye igama imvumi kunye imbongi "troubadour" izandi nice, kodwa ngaloo mihla kwakukho amagama amaninzi: trouveres, luhadi lo alubethayo, Bard kunye minnesinger. Ngohlobo, troubadours ingakumbi uzukile ngokuyintloko canzone kunye Sirvent, belila kwaye pastorela Albian, tensona ballad. Zonke ezi zinto ezahlukeneyo kwifomu kunye nomxholo iingoma, kodwa Simanywe nondiliseko ifomu nemvano ukuchaneka enyanzelekileyo. -Ngqangi isetyenziswayo, kukho ukuya ku-500 amagama troubadours,-40 ezaziwa kubalandeli kunye iingcali yemibongo. Ukususela ngenkulungwane XIV, ingcamango "troubadour 'ukuba ulibele, kodwa iimbongi zezithandani emsebenzini wakhe wabhenela ilifa ngasemva ngababethi bohadi zamaxesha aphakathi, kunye nomdla kubo nodlame ngamandla entsha. Nantso umqambi Italian omkhulu ogama omnye wemisebenzi yakhe ngayo eli lizwi.

Le opera kakhulu

"Il Trovatore" Dzhuzeppe Verdi opera enkulu, eyabhalelwa mdlalo ngu Salvatore Cammarano umhlobo wakhe waza wabona ukukhanya-1853, emva kokufa librettist iye yaba yenye imisebenzi zinkulu eGeorge. Verdi. Nangona iziganeko ezichazwe kuso, ibe kwinkulungwane XV, inkundla imbongi-imvumi, Manrico, ophambili we imisebenzi ebizwa troubadour. Lo msebenzi waye umqambi misebenzi belingana naleyo opera yakhe "Rigoletto" yaye "La Traviata." Umqambi ukuze wathimba ingcamango kumdlalo A. G. Guteresa, umbhali iSpanish, ukuze limve lonke umculo ukuya opera ongafiyo awanibhalelayo kweentsuku ezingama-29. "Troubadour" - opera, leyo yadlalwa eRoma ngoJanuwari 19, 1853, ngoko nangoko zaye zasasazeka kakhulu, oyiswe phantse lonke elaseYurophu. umculo nguMmangaliso, solos ezinkulu labenzela ithinzi ngamayelenqe adumileyo ejijekileyo yesiqwenga eso, leyo kuyo Gypsies ndiba abantwana Count kaThixo, uthando phakathi abazalwana ababini, omnye umfazi, le ezimbini zokucwangcisa, phakathi kwabo, ukufa phantse bonke abalinganiswa. Kwakukho a lot of kumabali lonke ixesha. opera Immortal yenza umculo kuphela nanto Dzhuzeppe Verdi.

Ukuvuselelwa umdla endleleni ngamaxesha Soviet

Kwilizwe lethu, igama "troubadour" wazukiswa le khathuni odumileyo, Part 1 yoku yapapashwa ngowe-1969, yaye 2 - ngo-1973. Troubadour le "Musicians Bremen Idolophu" ibe omnye wabalinganiswa abaziwayo ikhathuni. Impumelelo enkulu inxalenye yokuqala, ephefumlelwe iintsomi of the Brothers Grimm, kuye kwenza ukuba ababhali uYuri Entin, Vasily Livanov, umqambi Gennady Gladkov ekuyilweni lulandelayo-up, leyo kuthiwa "Xa ekhondweni Musicians Bremen Town". Nangona inxalenye yesibini yayingenanto yakwenza ukuxoxa ezinkulu waseJamani, kwafumaniseka ababukeli ukonwabisa, umdla kunye ubuncinane owuthandayo Soviet ngaphezu kuneyokuqala.

Oonobumba efanayo: Princess kunye Troubadour, ikati nenja, idonki kunye umqhagi - kuqhubeka adventure zabo. Uncedo elikhangeleka iinxalenye ezimbini kukho umculo.

Troubadour Wonderful Soviet

izizukulwana emininzi wakhulela kwezi iingoma, ukuba emangalisayo ithandwa liyabonakala. Misindo Troubadour "Le ray belanga yegolide ..." ukuqhuba ikhathuni, ezele Muslim Magomayev waba wobugcisa somculo. Ukongeza, imvumi kule nxalenye ndamgocagoca zokucupha ukhaliphe kakhulu kunye atamansha. iingoma zabo nazo ingqalelo kwaye bathandiweyo abaphulaphuli. Mhlawumbi ngenxa ikhathuni, kuba sesona isebenze yaba nkulu yezinto imvumi ezimangalisayo ngubani okanye ingoma - hit smash. Misindo Troubadour, kunye "Melody", "lomtshato", "Nocturne", wangena ebuncwaneni kwinqanaba likazwelonke. Le ngoma "Le ray belanga yegolide ..." wazisa M. Magomayev ibhaso "movie Best" ngo-2008.