Iintlobo tomato kule ngingqi Leningrad. iintlobo tomato for zokugcina kunye ekhanyayo

Iitumato na ixesha elide baze babe yinxalenye ezityiwa umntu avareji. Fresh ngexesha, okunkonkxiweyo okanye zifakwa ebusika, baye kudala ukususela Uyekile ukwenza uju ayifumaneki. Alinywa yonke, kwindawo zokugcina kunye kwindawo evulekileyo ezahlukeneyo lwemimandla zemozulu. iintlobo tomato kuba kummandla iLeningrad esisikelwe ngokukodwa ukuba ummandla North-West of Russia.

zocando lwemida

kanye Ingcamango kwiintlobo zocando izityalo abazange ukuphuma angaqondi. Iminyaka emininzi, iingcali baye bazama ukuzisa iintlobo ezifanelekileyo ukulima kwiimeko ezithile zemozulu.

Ukwenza oku kwimimandla echongiweyo (ezifana kummandla iLeningrad) ndatyala iintlobo eziliqela kunye kwaqanjwa iitumato kwakuso. Izityalo kuvavanywa ukuba isivuno, earliness, incasa, recyclability, ukumelana nezifo. Kwakhona ziquka izikhombisi zoqoqosho kunye neendleko iyunithi yemveliso nganye.

Emva uhlalutyo ngokucokisekileyo zonke iinkcukacha, okanye iintlobo hybrid, zibonakaliswa ezona kuzo zonke izalathisi, evunywe yi-Commission for Ezahlukeneyo Testing nekucetyiswa ukuba ukulima kummandla Leningrad.

umsebenzi elide kwaye onzima lo. Kwinqanaba elilandelayo umsebenzi ukukhula eyaneleyo imbewu itumata kule ngingqi Leningrad. Kwaye ukuba babalungiselele ukutyala kufuneka uqoqosho amakhulu nje kuphela, kodwa umkhosi omkhulu zabalimi.

ntlobo ezicetyiswayo zommandla iLeningrad

Kwiminyaka ye-eksperimenti kunye namava kwiintlobo ezininzi kwaqanjwa iitumato Waziqhiwula yena. Ngenxa yobukhulu enkulu kummandla kunye neemeko zemozulu mixed kuthathelwa ingqalelo nkqu osentshona kummandla okwimpuma kummandla. Iintlobo ezininzi oqhelekileyo iitumato ukwenzela kummandla iLeningrad ngenxa indlela ekhula:

• ekhanyayo, "i etyumke ubudoda 1185";
• Zokukhulisa izityalo: "iLeningrad kom";
• izindlu film compact, "Neva";
• zokugcina "nekhompaktha gribovsky 1180".

Kukho kwakhona ukuhlelwa iitumato yi indlela ngesifo sephepha, umbala kunye nohlobo neziqhamo etyholweni;

• ulondolozo, "impumlo", "umnwe", "isiphekepheke";
• ukusetyenziswa entsha, "GROTTO", "eye-", "ezukileyo", "Gnome", "gay", "Oak";
• lettuce iintlobo, "gourmet", "Lotus", "kulya Muromets", "Malinka", "Dawn F1»;
• neetamati, orange: "Rosinka", "enchantress";
• ekuqaleni-ivuthwa Stam: ". Argo" "Eugene", "umnwe", "isiphekepheke",

Iimpawu sezulu

Imozulu kummandla iLeningrad sinokuhlasela ezithambileyo kuzo zombini ehlotyeni nasebusika. Inconstancy yemozulu - phawu yayo engundoqo. Imozulu Ungalutshintsha kakhulu ngaphakathi imini ukukhanya kulo naliphi icala - on isibhakabhaka eqaqambileyo enelanga phambi izandyondyo zemvula. Apha ungadibanisa kunye nje yimimoya enamandla rhoqo ukuba uphawu kulo mmandla.

Kuyinto umsebenzi kunokuba nzima - ukuzisa iintlobo enamandla iitumato kwi iLeningrad Oblast, cwaka bethwele utshintsho elibukhali yemozulu, ukufuma, iqondo lobushushu, kwaye simelane nokuhlaselwa umoya. Abalimi ziye zaphumelela umsebenzi wazisa ibhastile nto leyo izinto ezityaliweyo ngempumelelo kule ngingqi.

ubunjineli kwezolimo

Iitumato - ukukhanya-onothando izityalo, kufuneka alinywe kwicala enelanga. Kufuneka onesisa yamanzi (iitumato 90% amanzi), kwaye ukwenza ngcono oko emva kwemini.

Qala ukondla kusekwangoko, ke ngoko lixhuzule i ikhefu phambi ukuyilwa zamaqanda. An ngokugqithiseleyo-nitrogen isichumiso ezinokucothisa ukukhula kwesityalo.

Ukuze ngempumelelo kwenzeka inkqubo uvuvuzelo, kufuneka ukuba akuhambise angcangcazelise isityalo esiqwini. Le nkqubo kufuneka iphindwe izihlandlo 3-4 ngeveki kusasa.

Imihla zembewu ayihlwayelayo

Imbewu tomato ngokudala ummandla iLeningrad ngexesha echazwe ngokungqongqo. Ukuze kakuhle ukubala kuzo, kufuneka uthathe ithuba kwezithole avareji kwi gases kwaye uthabathe kude kuye, nje amanani, ubudala elilelona izithole uzidibanise ekuntshuleni elide.

iintlobo Early Etyelwe abamba on June 1 xa eneminyaka izithole iintsuku ezingama-50, ultra-fast imbewu de-Aprili 15, emva kwexesha watyala ngaphambi kwe ngoMatshi 10, kucetyiswa ubudala isithombo ukuya kweentsuku ezingama-70. Xa sincokola ngayo iitumato ngenxa ekhanyayo: iintlobo ityalwa emhlabeni kunye 1 ukuya 5 ka Apreli.

Kufuneka Makukhunjulwe ukuba umhlaba mabazivonyavonye ukuya kubunzulu indiza ubuncinane 10 ° ^C kwiindawo osemantla kummandla lokuhlala ixesha ishenxiselwe umhla kamva, umsantsa ephakathi iintsuku ezisi-7 ukuya kwi-12. Kule mimandla, kuneqabaka kunokwenzeka kwiveki yokuqala ka June.

uhlobo lomhlaba nayo ibalulekile. Sandy akukwenzi phezulu ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kwaye gangqa osisivunda.

imihla bavune

Okukhona itumata ukrwala phezu ityholwana, kokukhona incasa yawo. Sivuthiwe ayikwazi kumiselwa nje kuphela kwi iliso (kwi iqondo bomvu), kodwa kwakhona ukuya ngaphandle kwebala.

ntlobo Ukhululwe of iitumato kuba kummandla iLeningrad lwancothulwa kuqala kubanda, xa iitumato liyayeka ukuba akhule kwaye ivuthwe. Lwaba oko kukuphela-Agasti. Kodwa ke imozulu usoloko wenza uhlengahlengiso yayo, kunye unyaka nonyaka ayikho imfuneko. iitumato edingwa epheleleyo ukumba umhlaba kwindawo zokugcina, izitiya zemifuno, kunye nokuphelisa zeentsalela zezityalo. layo ukuba zibaswe ukuze kuthintelwe ukusasazeka kunokwenzeka kwezifo yetumato.

"Agatha"

Iintlobo "Agatha" itumata bobabo kwiqela iitumato yokuqala-esivuthiweyo. Ukususela ukuntshula ukuya ekuqaleni fruiting lwenzeka malunga iintsuku 105. Iintlobo Ezahlukeneyo ekhula kakuhle kwanezithwala iziqhamo kwindawo zokugcina kunye ekhanyayo. Izityalo musa Stam, ukuphakama etyholweni - ukuya ku-45 cm, nto leyo ibalulekileyo imimoya.

iitumato lokuvuthwa kubanceda baphephe imbabala emva kwexesha, nto leyo basengozini ezininzi. ukuvunwa Early wenziwa phambi kokuba ukusasazeka ubunzima sifo.

imitha square etyalwe kwizityalo 4 nganye, kufuneka ukunkcenkceshelwa rhoqo, ngakumbi ngamanzi ashushu. Lomhlaba, umanyolo izihlandlo eziliqela ebudeni xesha ikhula.

Inkcazelo tomato of: Ifom ploskookrugloy iziqhamo ekhathaza 80 grams ngokomlinganiselo, ezinomthamo eliphezulu zenkqunto ongumqwebedu ube ziindawo eziphuma umbala obomvu, incasa amnandi elithozamisayo, overripe kwaye musa ukuzivula. Izivuno bush angaba ukuya ku-4 kg. Xa ibhrashi ukuvuthwa iziqhamo ku-6.

Fruits kukunyamezela zokuthutha kakuhle. Sebenzisa iitumato for amalungiselelo ebusika, ukunkonkxa.

ulondolozo Easy kunye kahle eliphezulu wenze iintlobo "Agatha" kuba nomtsalane kakhulu balimi engahlawulwayo.

"Ballad"

Tomato "ballad" - ezahlukeneyo eliphakathi-ekuqaleni. Ukususela ukuvela lokuqala izityalo phambi ukuphuma amathupha ukwenzeka malunga 120 iintsuku. Isetyenziswa lokutyala kwindawo evulekileyo, kodwa ezilinywa zokugcina. Height indawo bush ifikelela 50 cm square metre nganye kwi-avareji izityalo 8 lako.

imilo Palsy ngeenxa zonke, ongakanani 180 grams, Umbala - abomvu. Ukunambitheka iziqhamo esimnandi, kufanelekile ngokugqibeleleyo ekuveliseni yetumato Intlama kunye nokuveliswa tomato juice. Izivuno eetoni ukuya ku-80 ngehektare 1 nganye. Ukuba ingasonjululwa eziluncedo ziquka lokuvuthwa phantse ngaxeshanye.

Iintlobo kufuna inkathalo Qaphela: ngexesha emikhumbini yamanzi, lo ukulima umhlaba, isichumiso umhlaba kwindawo zokugcina - komoya rhoqo (umoya kufuneka eyomileyo).

A isici esasenza - ukumelana nangembabala kade, izifo egazini, rot apical. It ukumelana yokuphatha agcinwe ngokugqibeleleyo ixesha elide.

"Ukugcwaliswa White"

Enye athandwa - Tomato "ukugcwaliswa White". Abalimi Izimvo kwiindawo eziliqela Ukraine, eRashiya, Moldova, Kazakhstan uqinisekisa igama layo njengento nabalulamileyo kwaye banako isivuno esihle phantse naziphi na iimeko.

umbundu High yiqabaka kunokwenzeka ukuba akhule kuyo kuMmandla iLeningrad endle. Olu uhlobo yokuqala eya ivuthwa, ukusuka kokutyala ukuze ekuqaleni lokuvuthwa ziintsuku nje-100. square metre nganye watyala izityalo 9. Ukuphakama ityholo ku-50 cm. Care kunciphisa ziba komhlaba, ukhula, ukunkcenkceshela (amanzi ashushu) nokondla.

Isiqhamo, exabe kancinane, llirhangqwa, ukuya ku 140 grams ubunzima, obomvu, ukumelana genge, elihle ukutyiwa entsha neesaladi. Isivuno kg ukuya kwi-9 ukusuka ityholo enye, leyo, Kakade ke, yenza itumata ezithandwayo "ukugcwaliswa White". Ukuphonononga kwisiqhamo ngokwayo ogudileyo kakhulu. Inyama yazo, sweetish, ukuba alungele ukusetyenziswa kuphela ngqo ukusuka egadini, kodwa lokulondolozwa kunye yityuwa.

Chorus lokuvuthwa inceda ukuthintela usasazo oluya ezihlweleni lwee-Phytophthora. Ekuqaleni ixesha lokuvuthwa, incasa ogqwesileyo umgangatho iziqhamo kunye nokumelana ebandayo kunye nomoya ukwenza oku uhlobo ibenomtsalane kakhulu bekhula kummandla Leningrad.

Tomato "gin"

Inkcazelo yezi ntlobo ungaqala nesibakala ukuba luphawulwa kwimveliso eliphezulu - 10 kg square metre nganye. Kokuba ikhule phantsi kophahla okanye emhlabeni evulekileyo. Early ivuthwa iintlobo - up iintsuku ezili-110 ukusuka ukuntshula ukuya yokumitha kuqala. Ukuphakama etyholweni - ukuya kwi-60 cm square metre nganye ngamasuntsu 4 watyala izityalo esixhoseni ezifana itumata "Gina".

Inkcazelo mbungu

Weight - 280 grams, umbala - obomvu, ifom - ploskookrugloy. iimpawu Taste ziphezulu: zimnandi, nenyama, aqholiweyo. Ukuvumelana okuzalisekileyo kuyaqinisekiswa isiqulatho umcimbi owomileyo high Palsy. Perfect ukutyiwa entsha kunye nolondolozo ekuqaleni. Ixolo ziqinile kuvumela ixesha elide ukugcina iitumato.

Ukuze ufumane isivuno esihle nasekuqaleni Kucetyiswa ukuba athambise umhlaba, ukhula, ukunkcenkceshela ngamanzi ashushu (ubuncinane 1 ngexesha ngeveki) kunye ukuchitha ukutya. Iintlobo iyamelana izifo ezifana Fusarium, Ukuwa Uyafuna.

"Yamal"

Eyetomatyo umhlanganisela "Yamal" kom kakhulu. Nokuvuthwa kuthatha indawo iintsuku 85 kwaye kuhlala de iqabaka yokuqala. Enye iintlobo athandwa kakhulu kwi abalimi kwimimandla esemantla. Kukhethwa ukuba akhule iitumato ku zokugcina.

Iziqhamo ibe yimilinganiso avareji ye-100 g, elirhangqiweyo, agudileyo, ebomvu. Xa iitumato incasa emnandi. Iitumato ezi jikelele ukusetyenziswa, ekufaneleyo ukutyiwa entsha kwaye njengoko okusilelayo ukuba ubusika.

iintlobo ukungafuni, ukumelana nemozulu embi kunye nokunqongophala ilanga. Ubukhulu isihlahla esincinci -. 50 cm square metre nganye ingatyalwa kwamatyholo 7-9. Imveliso iphezulu - ukuya ku-20 kg nganye-1 m ^2.

Kuba iitumato zifuna ulondolozo encinane, ukutyebisa kunye izichumisi ezimbiwa, ukhula, ukunkcenkceshela, kuhlakula. Unpretentiousness "yamal", kwa oku komelela engundoqo sifo, uzinzo hoxa, Ubumandi omkhulu, ukuqina kwayo yemozulu embi ndiyenze ukhetho ebalaseleyo kwabasaqalayo balimi.

"Amber"

Tomato "amber" - ekuqaleni eya ivuthwa inyukela ezahlukeneyo yetumato. Low (kuphela 35 cm ukuphakama), amatyholo zikulungele ukuba sikhule hayi kuphela izindawo endle, kodwa phezu balcony lwezakhiwo yokuhlala. Kwi amatyholo zivuthwe iitumato original yellow.

Ukususela amahlumelo kuqala phambi kokuba iziqhamo wentlahlela uya ukuya kwiintsuku ezili-100. Care eqhelekileyo, njengoko kwezinye iintlobo iitumato: esusa, emikhumbini yamanzi, ukutyebisa, kuhlakula. square metre nganye watyala izityalo 9.

Iitumato ubunzima 55 grams, ubukhulu - 2.5-3 cm, imilo ungqukuva, agudileyo, okanye omthubi yegolide. Iziqhamo zivuthwe phantse ngexesha elifanayo. Isivuno kg ukuya kwi-6 nganye-1 m ^2. Baye incasa kakhulu. Zinokusetyenziswa fresh kunye nolondolozo. iitumato Yellow uya ukuhombisa itafile yakho.

Iintlobo iyamelana yemozulu embi, macrosporiosis kunye phytophthora. Iimpawu ezizodwa zokurhoxa ziquka ukugcina ukufuma ephantsi (inkcenkceshelwa kuphela amanzi ashushu emva kokutshona kwelanga), kuhlakula kunye nokuhlakula umhlaba efunekayo ngexesha utyani. Tomato "amber" Kucetyiswa ukulima mafikizolo balimi engahlawulwayo.

Ukhetho oluchanekileyo lwe-ntlobo kuxhomekeka kumgangatho nobungakanani lokuvuna, ukwenza kwayo okufika okanye ukugcinwa ixesha elide. Guide and neetamati sabelo: ukusetyenziswa entsha, iitumato mnyama ebusika, ubuchule sokutshintshela ukuthuthwa iziqhamo ukumelana neemeko zokugcina elide, etc ...

Regionalized iintlobo tomato afaneleka ngokucacileyo ukulima kwimimandla ethile zemozulu. Le ntlobo kwezidalwa kunceda begadi ukwenza ukhetho oluchanekileyo kunye nokubonelela isivuno nokuzinzileyo iitumato kuyo nayiphi ezithili zemfundo kummandla Leningrad.