Iingxaki eziphambili kokusingqongileyo Afrika

iingxaki kokonakaliswa Afrika kubaluleke kakhulu kuba ihlabathi lonke, ngenxa yokuba kwilizwekazi yesibini lincinane kunye nabantu bayo abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi. Inani labemi kuna mninzi abantu 31 square kilometre.

isikali

iingxaki Environmental kuchaphazela 55 amazwe ase-Afrika apho kukho 37 izixeko kunye abantu abangaphezu kwesigidi. Le kwilizwekazi ishushu kule planethi, ngenxa yokuba ibekwe kule ndawo. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yobukhulu balo mmandla nokuba ezichongiweyo kwimimandla zeenkqubo zemozulu ezahlukileyo.

indawo Afrika, efuna izisombululo kwiingxaki zokusingqongileyo - intlango, uhlobo emvula, kunye nangaphezulu. Ngokomthetho apha esilawulwa amathafa, nduli kunye neentaba amaxesha. Ingongoma iphezulu - Mount Kilimanjaro, mlilo, ezinde kwi 5.895 yeemitha ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle.

ukuyekelela

oorhulumente kwilizwekazi bakaThixo kakhulu anikele ingqalelo iingxaki zokusingqongileyo yeAfrika kunye neendlela uzisombulule. Bambalwa abantu abakhathalele kukuba ukunciphisa ifuthe ezinobungozi kokusingqongileyo. zobugcisa zale mihla ukwenzela ukhuselo lokusingqongileyo ukuba awenziwanga. Ukusombulula iingxaki zokusingqongileyo Afrika ukunciphisa okanye ukuphelisa inkunkuma.

ingqalelo enkulu kufuneka inikwe kumashishini ezifana enzima yaye ukukhanya kwezoshishino, ukwenza iintsimbi, namantshontsho yezilwanyana, kunye necandelo lezolimo kunye nobunjineli ngoomatshini.

iingxaki Afrika yokusingqongileyo ngenxa yokuba ekwenziweni izibonelelo ezithile ukhuseleko ezikhutshwayo ubuchule zatyeshela nje ukuwuhlamba ekhutshelwa kwi-atmosfera ngohlobo alunyangwanga, isixa esikhulu samanzi amdaka uya emanzini.

Imiba ephambili ezimbi

komphutha weekhemikhali lingena kokusingqongileyo, eyonakalisayo ngokufekethisa ngayo. kuvela iingxaki Environmental e-Afrika, ngenxa yokuba izibonelelo zisetyenziswa ngokungakhethiyo, kunokuba esisiso ngawo futhi.

Umhlaba kabi, ukuba umzi uphuphuma abantu abaphila ubuhlwempu. Ngqesho zokuhlala ngamanye amaxesha kutsho kuma-75%, nto leyo kwinqanaba kakhulu. Iingcali baqeqeshwe kakubi. Ngoko ke ukuba wezokusingqongileyo isithunzi, njengomntu - yinxalenye yalo.

Enyanisweni, eli lizwekazi uye izilwanyana ezizodwa kunye nohlaza. Xa Amathafa sobulali ukufumana imithana ezintle, imithi ezincinane kunye neentlobo sihlahla ezinjengeetheminali, kwakunye nezinye iintlobo ezininzi ezintle. Kunjalo enokuthethwa izilwanyana. Noko ke, iingonyama, leengwenkala, iingcuka, kunye nabanye abahlali chic lweengingqi baphethwe abangenamvume, imisebenzi yabo mthetho bangabi bacinezelwa ngurhulumente kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo.

Zanyamalala esongela ukuba abameli ezininzi kunene zasendle, yaye ezinye kwaye wanyamalala ngokupheleleyo ebusweni bomhlaba. Umzekelo, eyayifudula wafumana namaqwarha, nto leyo isalamane esisondeleyo iqwarhashe, nayo ukudalwa equines. Ngoku ke zitshatyalaliswe ngokupheleleyo. Okokuqala, abantu abaye bazithambisa eli rhamncwa, kodwa ke kunjalo bhuti ithemba lakhe, nto leyo bazisa yokutshabalala. Endle, i loo ndlovu yokugqibela wabulawa 1878. Bazama ukugcina ezu, kodwa kukho uhlanga lwaphazamiseka ngo-1883.

uhlobo ababhubhayo

iingxaki Environmental e North Afrika ikakhulu zibandakanya ukwanda, apho kungenxa yokuba kwamahlathi ongalawulwayo, leyo isebenza kuwo wonke ummandla entsha, zingapheli kubo. Ngoko ke, imithombo ilizwe neloqheliselo imihlaba ezithandwa kukhukuliseko.

Ngenxa yoko, kukho iintlango, apho zwekazi liye ngokwaneleyo. Uba amahlathi ezincinane, zeziphi ezi Abenzi bemeko-oksijini.

iingxaki Environmental eMzantsi Afrika kunye iziko abaninzi ukutshabalala kwimiboniso kwicandelo yimvula. Kwakhona yingozi kokuzenzakalisa ndawo indalo kwakheka kwi lizwekazi, isixeko ezikhethekileyo elisebenza yokulahla ebizwa Agbogbloshi.

Kuye kwaqulunqwa emantla-ntshona inxalenye kwelizwekazi kufutshane ikomkhulu Ghana - Accra. Yindawo "iya kuphumla 'inkunkuma elektroniki eqokelelwe ehlabathini lonke. Apha ungabona shini ezindala kunye namalungu computer, iifowuni, yabavavanyi, kunye nezinye izixhobo ezifanayo.

Ukusuka doti olunjalo emhlabeni iwela mercury, a zehydrochloric acid eziyingozi, iarseniki enobuhlungu, izinyithi ezahlukeneyo, elikhokelayo uthuli kunye nezinye iintlobo iikhompawundi chemical kwiimali ezimbi kunene naziphi zinemingxuma, kwaye iidosi amakhulu eziliqela izihlandlo yoxinaniso.

Amanzi yengingqi ixesha elide Yafa yonke intlanzi, iintaka akabanga nabuganga ukubhabha emoyeni yasekuhlaleni, emhlabeni kungekho luhlaza. Abantu abahlala kufutshane, kufa ekuseni kakhulu.

ngaphakathi kokubekwa

Enye into embi kukuba yintloko kumazwe basekuhlaleni izivumelwano ezisayiniweyo, njengako apho kulo mhlaba kwaziswa ayingcwaba inkunkuma kushishino chemical.

Oku mhlawumbi nokungafuni ukuqonda ingozi nemiphumo, mhlawumbi lesundu nomzi womlambo ithafa engxamele ukuze imali kwi eyabangelwa yohlobo mmandla wabo. Nakowuphi na umzekelo, yonke le impembelelo enkulu kwindalo ubomi babantu.

Lwamazwe kwezoqoqosho, oku apha iqhutywa ngu izinto eziyityhefu kunye khompawundi radioactive lasekwa ngo inkqubo yokuvelisa, njengoko phambili baya kuba imali eninzi kakhulu. Ngoko, kuba inzuzo uhlobo Afrika musa ukubatshabalalisa kuphela ngabameli kwamanye amazwe, kodwa abo kufuneka ukuba anyamekele ndawo nomlondolozi wayo.

Ukuncipha zezilo

Kuyo benkulungwane ye-18 kwanciphisa inani iilynx, njengokuba uboya yabo ethandwa kakhulu. Ngenxa i "soft igolide" Abantu baya ulwaphulo okunxamnye nemvelo. Ngowe-1984, amasango idama aye avuleka ngenxa yokuba wabulala amawaka 10. Icaribou yenza yokufuduka. Kwakhona ubunzima amahlosi, iingcuka kunye oluninzi kwezinye izilwanyana.

Xa entshonalanga kwelizwekazi kuya ngokukhawuleza imikhombe extinct umbala omnyama. Iingcali kwi kukhuseleko endalo bakholelwa ukuba unobangela na amanyathelo kwamalweyile ngendlela abangenamvume abo bakuthanda kakhulu ngeempondo ezi zilwanyana kuthengiswa ngexabiso eliphezulu kwi ngomgunyathi.

Kwakhona ubunzima nezimhlophe amalungu iintlobo, apho kudibana ngasentla. Malunga nekota neentlobo zezidalwa ezincancisayo ezi abahlala kwilizwekazi basondele yokutshabalala iyonke. Izilwanyana eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini ukuba zanyamalala nokuba ngokukhawuleza. Ngamanani zihlaziywa rhoqo, kodwa izisa ayikho iindaba ezilungileyo.

Ukuba urhulumente ukucinga nzulu kokusingqongileyo, uluhlu iingxaki ukwandisa, kuphela ngeli nqanaba kubalulekile ukuphunyezwa utshintsho ezintle.