I lweCaspian Sea, imbali yayo kunye neempawu

I-Sea lweCaspian yenye amachibi enkulu ehlabathini kunye ngenkankulu enasilela ngayo kummandla woLwandle Black. Omathandathu amawaka eekhilomitha unxweme yayo ukwakweli ummandla Russia, washiya amawaka eekhilomitha yahlulwa phakathi republic ezintlanu Asia. Le peculiarity oLwandle lweCaspian kukuba, nangona ubukhulu enomtsalane (kobuso 371 macala onke. Km), mayingabi sakhululwa eyabelwe elwandle ngokupheleleyo, ekubeni imveliso nayiphi olwandle. ubunzulu oLwandle lweCaspian kuyahlukana nedlela nobume kwintsele yolwandle. Inxalenye sinzulu kwayo emazantsi ikholam wamanzi kule mimandla ifikelela iimitha 1025.

Kwaye ngoku isuntswana lembali.

Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala oLwandle lweCaspian eyafakwa iincwadi zabaphengululi zamandulo zamaGrike nezamaRoma. amawaka amabini eminyaka BC kumzantsi-mpuma kunye ngundoqo baseMzantsi eCaucasus mihla omiweyo ngokwezizwe Caspians, ukusuka apho, enyanisweni, waza wanika igama layo ukuba idike-elwandle. Xa BC nenkulungwane yokuqala. e. elo ngeenxa yazanyazanyiswa iimfazwe ezininzi zesizwe, nto leyo ekhokelele kuLwandle lweCaspian ziye bayacalulwa intsimi yabo njngesiqhelo kwi kunxweme lolwandle efanayo. Kuye ke ngelo xesha ngokuba lweCaspian. Imbali yabantu bamandulo lesiphelo ukufika oLwandle lweCaspian izizwe emdeni abaseAfrika Albania kwi BC ngenkulungwane 2 Namhlanje, lo impucuko yamandulo phantse akazange asinde naziphi na iinkcukacha nzima. Thile emva, kunxweme esemantla elwandle, ulwandle kwakuhlala izizwe amadlelo, ingakumbi Hazaras, usilwa kunye nezikhulu Russian. emzini wabo ephambili Itil elisebenzela e emlonyeni koMlambo iVolga. Hayi indima Eyokugqibela edlalwe yi-Sea lweCaspian kwi-nkqubo zangaphandle loshishino neentshukumo zorhwebo kwabo Rus Ancient. Ngalo wawubaleka iindlela zorhwebo ezibalulekileyo zokuphuma ku Uzbekistan, eBaltic kunye Black Seas. Ukutyhubela iinkulungwane ezininzi lasisiseko senkcubeko yoluntu kunxweme lolwandle, iye ngokuphindaphindiweyo itshintshe igama layo. I-Sea lweCaspian kwathiwa Khazar, Khvalynsk, Hirkan.

Le nkcazelo yokuqala oLwandle lweCaspian njengoko uyazimela zonke elwandle kwechibi unika kwiincwadi zakhe, umbhali-mbali ongumGrike uHerodotus. Owayephila kwinkulungwane kamva, uAristotle waqhubeka umsebenzi sisazinzulu, yaye kuphela kuqinisekiswa imbono yakhe. Isifundo oLwandle lweCaspian edibene amagama izazinzulu ezininzi ezaziwayo-kakuhle kunye nabahambi dumeke. Kanye Ugu baye batyelela Greek ngeenkwenkwezi uPtolemy, i-Italian Marco Polo, a Russian igosa Ixesha uPetros Enkulu, Alexander Bekovich-Cherkassy.

Beka indawo oLwandle lweCaspian umdla ethile zejografi. Ngobude multi-sekhilomitha yakhe (malunga 1 amawaka km) ukusuka ezantsi ukuya entla kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo iimeko zemozulu. Inxalenye esemntla ulwandle iphawulwa kwimozulu epholileyo yezwekazi. Ebusika, kukho ukuhla kakhulu obushushu kunye akukhona enzima. Imozulu yenxenye lasemzantsi kakhulu ezahlukene ukusuka sehlathi lweMeditera. Summer kule ndawo kushushu kwaye kome, yasebusika - manzi kunye nowobulali.

Olona phawu iphambili enezityalo nezilwanyana oLwandle lweCaspian ubuninzi kwizidalwa. Ngamaxesha phindo ingakumbi okukhawulezileyo amanzi abe nobulembu ngokoqobo esezansi omthubi noluhlaza. amanzi Coastal nzulu iba kwintshinyela ngokwenene. uhlobo Beautiful ye lweCaspian unxweme utsala abakhenkethi kunyaka ngamnye. kuLwandle lweCaspian ikhefu idla ikhethwa ngabantu abafuna ukuyekelela kude kwizixeko ingxolo enkulu. Le iiholide ithandwayo mzi Russian Derbent, Makhachkala, Astrakhan, Aktau Kazakh, Azeri capital Baku. abemi Russian akholisa ukuba ukhethe lokuphola eCaucasus, okuhlanganisa utyelela iilwandle kuphela siqubha elwandle, kodwa ke unyango sanatoria amaninzi, ukuhamba phezu iindawo eziphambili umdla kummandla, iipaki zesizwe kunye zolondolozo lwendalo.