Yintoni lithosfere?

Core, imentile kunye noqweqwe - ke lwangaphakathi isakhiwo Umhlaba. Yintoni lithosfere? Ngoko-ebizwa lwangaphandle ezingaphiliyo iqokobhe esiluqilima iplanethi yethu. Oku kuquka zonke kuqweqwe ingubo eliphezulu.

Ngendlela yayo elula na lithosfere yi umaleko ephezulu Umhlaba, eliquka ngeengcamba ezintathu. Xa lesayensi akukho nkcazelo olunye ingqiqo eliqokobe-langa. Kunye nokuphakanyiswa yayo ukwakheka elide kakhulu uqhubeke. Kodwa kuthiwa kuyenzeka noko ukwenza ingcamango esisiseko into lithosfere.

Isakhiwo, ukwakhiwa kunye nemida

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba lithosfere kuquka ngokupheleleyo zonke ngaphantsi komhlaba kunye umaleko ophezulu yokwaleka, xa elingana ubunzima luboniswa kuphela elinye ekhulwini sobunzima iplanethi yethu. Nangona iqokobhe kukho umthamo encinane, isifundo eneenkcukacha iye yabangela imibuzo emininzi, hayi kuphela yintoni lithosfere, kodwa umbandela kokuba avele kuwo, imeko kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.

Kwindawo engundoqo ye iqokobhe zenza iliwa, ngelo umda ingubo yokwaleka lokuba uzinzo yeplastiki. Xa isakhiwo kwesikhoko ekude iqonga ezizinzileyo indawo ukusonga.

Eqweqweni uba ubukhulu ezahlukeneyo, kwaye zisukela km-25 ukuya 200. Phezu kolwandle yi ukubhitya - 5 ukuya kweekhilomitha ezili-100. Lithosfere yoMhlaba umda ngamanye imifinya: kwehayidrosfere (zolwelo) kunye emoyeni (umoya).

eqweqweni Umhlaba libunjwa ngeengcamba ezintathu:

• ludaka;
• zakhiwe;
• abangelwe.

Ngoko ke, xa sijonga oko ngokwemeko lithosfere, oko kuya kufana cake umaleko. Isisekelo sayo abangelwe, yaye phezu kwayo legqunyiwe ngomaleko yodaka. Phakathi kwabo, njengoko ukuzaliswa kuba zakhiwe.

Amazwekazi maleko ludaka, njengoko ngenxa yentshabalalo kanye ukuguqulwa igranite abangelwe nasemaweni. OBC lamination efana akhiwa imilambo Ukhuliso lungeniswe kunye kumazwekazi kumatye awenziwa ludaka.

maleko lenyengane ibandakanya nemetamorphic kunye igneous. Kumazwekazi, yena libambe indawo oluphakathi phakathi kwezinye maleko, naphezu kolwandle engekho ngokupheleleyo. Kukholelwa ukuba kwi "intliziyo," le planethi na abangelwe, eyakhiwa igneous.

Eqweqweni ayilo litye lesikhumbuzo, kuba iqulathe iibhloko ezahlukeneyo ekuthiwa iipleyiti lithospheric ukuba sihamba rhoqo. Zibonakala anta kwi asthenosphere zeplastiki.

iingxaki kokusingqongileyo lithosfere

Ngexesha ukhona, uluntu yemisebenzi yoqoqosho rhoqo wasebenzisa amacandelo lithosfere. kuqweqwe lomhlaba iqulethe zonke izibonelelo izimbiwa, ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ngabantu, nezokukhupha yabo izibilini rhoqo ukwanda.

ixabiso mkhulu umhlaba - ulondolozo umaleko ochumileyo le lithosfere ngoku enye yezona ngxaki ezingxamisekileyo efuna izisombululo ngoko nangoko.

Ezinye iinkqubo wenzeka ngaphakathi kwimida iqokobhe, umzekelo, ukhukhuliseko, zekhephu, udaka, ezinokubangelwa umsebenzi anthropogenic kwaye sibe yingxaki. Abazange kuphela kuchaphazela ukuyilwa kweemeko zomhlaba kwiindawo ezithile, kodwa kunokukhokelela iintlekele zemvelo emhlabeni wonke.