Iimpawu SU-24 bomber (ifoto)

Ayifane indiza phantsi utshintsho kuyilo ebanzi kakhulu kwinkqubo yoyilo ngaphezu Su-24. Iimpawu yale lwabathengi bomber phambi-line (Ministry of Defence) uhlala wafuna ngokunyuka, kunye moya kwafuneka rhoqo nokuhlaziya na izisombululo zobugcisa labucala kuphela, kodwa kwakhona isakhelo sengqiqo lulonke. Isiphumo ngaphaya kokulindelekileyo: ifowuni ivulwe uzuko, ewatyhutyhile ubomi bakhe, waba kwimfuno nkqu yesithathu yeminyaka.

In nentshiseko ecocekileyo

ihlabathi lonke nkqi "fane enomjukujelwa" Kule ngamahlanu. mbono Military babecinga ukuba inqwelomoya njengoko ngamandla nempembelelo, ukuba lixesha ngokupheleleyo, ngoko ngokuqinisekileyo, ubuncinane, baye balahlekelwa zibalulekile kakhulu kumlo mihla. Kwezi izigqibo ezijoliswe ngokupheleleyo kunye moya ukuhlasela. Noko ke, le ngongoma ukhaliphe kunene lwembono olungafaniyo yonke, kunye nophuhliso moya yokuhlasela usaqhubeka. Njengenxalenye CB imali mali PO Sukhoi wayenza kukhubazeko nokulungiswa yimpumelelo kakhulu Su-7 ukuya ayinike ukukwazi yokulwa lamaphulo ukuxhasa amajoni emhlabeni kwiimeko yemozulu embi. Enyanisweni, phantsi ngesebe lomsebenzi ukuguqulwa ngabasebenzi ngenene wadala imoto entsha kakhulu, kwaye inguqulo ku kuphuculo omdala yaqanjwa amagosa iqela lokuwisa "techies" umgca yayo jikelele. Siye ingqalelo iinketho ezahlukene ze ubeko, kuthathelwa ingqalelo into yokuba yokubeka elektroniki enzima, ngaphandle apho ukuhlasela mihla wayengenakuba umkhosi ukuloyisa.

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Isiphumo intuthumbo lokudala baba yokuqala Su-15, baxhotyiswa with "Orion" inkqubo yokukhangela bonke-sezulu. Kodwa iimfuno mkhosi umbodamo, ngoku kwafuneka ukuba ukuhlasela moya ukuba awasuse estrip ubumdaka, kunye no-futshane. Enyusa waqhubeka zokwakha zaye zongezwa injini ezongezelelweyo, ephakamisa lo moya ukuzikhulula. Kodwa ukuba. OS Samoylovich, kwiProject Manager, emangalisiwe phezu ukusonjululwa rebus. Kweza umkhondo, Isimanga, ukusuka isakhono lutshaba.

Kwaba ngo-1964, Khrushchev kutshanje kususwe, kwaye iingcinga iinkokheli ezintsha hayi romantic kangaka, kodwa kokwenzekayo. iipleyini zemfazwe ukuyila kwakhona wafumana inkxaso-mali ngokupheleleyo. Samoylovich uMyili inqwelo Paris Aerospace Exhibition. Wabona into ebangel 'umdla.

An American e Paris

Zibonakala efana kakhulu - the American F-111 SU-24 zethu. Photo, iimpawu kunye ukulwa izakhono, kwaye okona kubaluleke kakhulu, injongo yale moya ezimbini bayavana. Ngandlel 'ithile, Samoylovich wenza ukuboleka ngqo scheme ubeko ngokubanzi, Noko ke, Kuyinto bayagwetyelwa ngaye. Inkampani "ngeNtshukumo Jikelele" liyazingca ukubeka inzala yabo show ngezizwe Le Bourget. Bona moya unako Wonke kodwa umyili oyintloko madolw 'ukusondela kuye. Wandula ke wathabatha "WONDLA 'yaye ngelo xesha lakhe oko Su-24. Photo F-111 moya eMoscow ingqalelo ngononophelo, iinjineli bayinqule ziintshaba, izakhono kunye izimvo ngoko akubona.

Kakade ke, isibakala sokuba kuyilo 'ebiweyo' ukusuka baseMerika, kwaye akukho mbuzo. Iimfihlelo inkampani "Dynamics Jikelele" kunokugcinwa, kwaye ukuba iSoviet kwafuneka ukufikelela kuyo, ngoko kwenzeka kamva. Ngelo xesha OS Samoylovich ngokwaneleyo nenkangeleko. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, wabhala kwi imizobo yakhe, amaRoma, "intle clever."

wesakhiwo ngokubanzi

iinjini bayitwabulula iseyilana ezongezelelweyo, ukunciphisa umatshini run-off kunye, kuye kwaqatshelwa yi isigqibo engalunganga. Zisebenza kuphela imizuzwana embalwa yokuqala kwaye kufuneka bathwale moya sabo amaxesha onke. Enye into - variable engacimekiyo iphiko, iinzuzo zayo idlalwa ngexesha zilwe ebufundisini, ezitshintsha ukuhlasela ngesantya iintlobo ezahlukeneyo.

Noko ke, kukho abathile ubunzima kunye iingalo, leyo bathwale umthwalo lwangaphandle Su-24. Bomber uyalela ngokuzenzekela iipayiloni of imijukujelwa kunye zibhombu zibhekisela eya kumda wesangqa kwekhosi - kwakudinga imvume ekhethekileyo inkqubo electromechanical. gumbi banzi ngokuba eriyali ezimbini radar yenziwe indawo BREA enamandla, leyo kungekhona imifuziselo angaphambili moya ukuxhasa ekuqiniseni Sukhoi. Kodwa ubunzima engundoqo wayeza kuza.

nastilnyj flight

Ukuqeshwa bomber Committe kukuba ibangela umonakalo kwi utshaba ngendlela ebanzi (ukuya kwi-800 km), kufuphi ngaphambili. Ukuphumeza lo msebenzi, kufuneka ube namandla yobugcisa ukoyisa imida umoya zokhuselo, kukowuphi umzekelo apho predictably ziya kuthwala luvukelo ubuninzi. In gqira le radars abazange abafezekileyo njengoko kunjalo namhla, kwaye injongo-kwinqanaba elisezantsi "sibonakala" akusoloko kunjalo. Kunjalo radars emoyeni ukuba akwazi ukwahlula izinto kwisiqalo komhlaba. American F-111 yayiba iyenzeka kakhulu, ezigudle lo mmandla. Le yeyona njongo elisetelwe loo abayili Su-24. Iimpawu ngesantya esiphezulu ithe lehla, wayefuna ethile "supersonic" naxa ibhabha amadlelo le.

nokugcina inkqubo imiqobo inwenwa ekhuselekileyo isebenza ngeendlela ezimbini - manual kunye automatic. Ukuqwalasela isiseko elemental 60 (wezibane kukhethwa) uhlala elohlokondiba kuphela le mpumelelo.

amafutha kunye ukulwa radius

Kuloo minyaka yokuqala, umba kuqoqosho amafutha kakhulu wema. Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa separafini iye waphembelela nesalathisi ebaluleke kakhulu - uhla. Ukuyandisa, kufuneka isisombululo revolution - lenguqu ukuya injini bypass kakuhle. Kwimo afterburner, baba ukuwutyhalela ngaphantsi kwe Turbojet eqhelekileyo, kodwa, njengoko amava abonisa, Committe bomber kungenzeka ukunyuka elibukhali nesantya phantse akufuneki. Eyila motor ekhethekileyo eganiweyo Design Bureau neebhedi kunye Tumansky ( "uSaturn"). yenzelwe nje ukuba Su-24. Ekulweni uluhlu moya landa kakhulu - liye ngaphaya iikhilomitha ezingamakhulu amahlanu.

Hlala ngapha nangapha ...

Phantse wonke ekuhlaseleni yamacebo ukuhlasela moya evela Second World War kunye neminyaka elandelayo a layout eyenzelwe abantu abasebenza nabo. pilot Plant, esasihamba okanye umsebenzisi iinkqubo iingalo alandelelanayo kwenza abayili bafuna ukunciphisa fuselage umnqamlezo-candelo. Ngoko kunciphise side ashukimisayo. Ngaphezu koko, kwafuneka ixabiso nenjongo ubukhulu, ngokwemiqathango anti-moya zokudubula, wahlasela ngokungqalileyo. isityhilelo Real yaba nokubekwa amalungu amabini abasebenzi enye ecaleni kwenye kwi-American F-111. Esi sikimu OS Samoylovich wagqiba ekubeni isicelo i Su-24. Endlwaneni ifoto ibonisa ubukho umqheba yolawulo kunye nentsebenziswano umqhubi, nangona lingaphantsi thile ngaphezu umqhubi lowo. ingqalelo yokhuseleko zilawule i screen okhethekileyo lahlukanise ngexesha isihlalo ejection, kodwa kamva afika ukuba ingozi yokwenzakala elilinge eseleyo kwi-moya ezincinci. Ukutshintshisana ngolwazi phakathi umqhubi Umlawuli kakhulu kwee qabu, kwabakho "imvakalelo comradeship".

Injini titanium imililo

Ngeenkcukacha Su-24 kakhulu kuchaphazela ukhetho injini. Iikopi zokuqala zaye zagqitywa "inombolo imveliso 85," oko kukuthi, iindawo titanium turbine lovukelo AL-21F, kwi isiguquli iyasetyenziswa. Le nto ixesha elide kakhulu yaye kulula, kodwa uyilo abathungi injini akuzange ingqalelo ezinye iimpawu zayo. Le ubushushu yabe turbine kukhokelela zobude zabo, sivandlakanye elintlangothi zabo engabalulekanga lwezindlu. Le meko, ngokuba "titanium umlilo", nto leyo ukutshiswa phantse lwephanyazo-moya yonke, uze ufumanise esi siphendu azicaci ngoko nangoko.

Ekugqibeleni, emva iinzame eziliqela ukuziqhelanisa enye injini imveliso, KB ugqibe ukuba kulungelelana ye AL-21F, nto leyo eli sebenzayo ngoku.

sizi

Lo moya yokuqala kwase, ukufumana isalathiso T6-1, ngowe-1967, wavusa Uvavanyo Pilot Ilyushin BC, nyana ka-moya umyili odumileyo. Uvavanyo waba yimpumelelo, kodwa ekuhambeni ukuphuculwa ziyacaca iziphene mpela kwisakhiwo. Iimvavanyo kade kwaye nzima ixesha labo ingqubekile iimoto ezilishumi (7 kubo - ngenxa iimpazamo zophuhliso injini). Kuphela usuku olunye ngo-1973 (Agasti 28) KB waphulukana AMAGQABAZA ▸ ezimbini. Mhlawumbi ukuba iprojekthi le kancinci kubalulekile ukuziphendulela lizwe, iya uvale phantsi emva iintsilelo ezininzi kangaka. Kodwa OS Samoylovich yakholwa kwi Su-24, iimpawu apho uthembisa ukuba sibe yingangamsha. Kwaye uvavanyo kwaqhubeka njengoko umsebenzi asuse ukusilela kwesakhiwo ezichongiweyo.

amandla Shock kuqhunyiswe

Bomb bay, njengoko kuthelekiswa American F-111, i-moya abakwazi zonke iintlobo izixhobo zimi iipayiloni ezisibhozo, ezine apho - ventral. iinjini ezimbini ezinamandla zinika ithuba ukwenza eqhelekileyo kunye ezizodwa (yenyukliya okanye imichiza) Iimboniselo, kuquka amandla aphezulu. Ngenxa yoko, ukunqunyanyiswa kwi yinxalenye ezisisigxina iphiko yenzelwe ukuba iziqhushumbisi ezinobunzima isiqingatha ngetoni nganye. Ukungafani ngezikrweqe Su-24. umthwalo wokulwa ukukhathaza ukuya kwiitoni ezisibhozo ukuze luqulathe iziqhushumbisi engakhokelwa okanye correctable (kubandakanywa laser-guided), iibhloko nar, izikhongozeli okanye iikhasethi. Ukubamba uluhlu olubanzi ezinjalo, iipayiloni baxhotyiswa amaqhoshana kunye nemiqadi ezongezelelweyo. Kodwa hayi kuphela zibhombu Sisenokufa bomber Su-24 anokuthi ngokuba ngwenya.

amagalelo

Ingxaki utshaba abathintela zokuzikhusela umoya mhlawumbi kwakunxibelelene kunye kukufunyanwa nokutshatyalaliswa lwezitishi radar kwindawo yokuqala - eriyali emitters-balwamkele. E Melika, anti-radar evuthayo "Shpayk" (1963) lwenzelwe le njongo, apho inkqubo isikhokelo swi olukhulu oluvela rhoqo radar radiation. A enomjukujelwa efanayo X-28 yenzelwe eSoviet Union - ngokugqiba iinkqubo zabo izixhobo moya le Su-24. Ukulwa izakhono yale nenqaba kakhulu ngokubanzi zibhengezwa ifezekiswe ngezibini of bomber ezimbini, owokuqala 'siphelelwe "Elinye Labaniki ndawo" ngwe "inkqubo, kwaye eyesibini isicelo ngqo Kwathi, sele esazi Ipharamitha emitters othwala frequency. imijukujelwa ekhokelwa X-23 uqhutyelwe radio umyalelo iindlela.

Kukho ezahlukeneyo ezininzi kwezixhobo imijukujelwa Su-24. Photography moya yafakwa iikhasethi Nursaya okanye enomjukujelwa P-60 ( "umoya-to-moya"), bonisa ngazibini enokwenzeka izicelo bomber, kuquka kujongwe iziphumo ekujoliswe emoyeni. interceptor elizeleyo, Kakade ke, akanako igama, kodwa ukuzikhusela azinakwenzeka esibhakabhakeni.

Musa ukulibala malunga abayili kunye nezixhobo zokudubula. SU-24, baxhotyiswa 23-millimitha-sextuple iGroote 6-23M (eyakhelwe-in). Kuyenzeka ukuba kukwandisa firepower zokusebenza ngokumisela yeendonga zokungqinga okukhawulezayo-umpu wamiswa (ezintathu) komse- ukumiswa yangaphandle.

Le mveliso yi "44"

Nawuphi na umatshini ngempumelelo umiselwe ubomi obude, elandelwa iinzame zokuphucula indlela yayo. Kwathi nenqwelo-moya Su-24. Iimpawu kuye phantsi iintloko Ministry of Defence waseUSSR, babefuna ukulungiswa. Eyona ezifanele ingxaki avionics ukuphucula kwaye ukukwazi ukwandisa ubunzima payload. Ukuguqulwa entsha, ngelo naseNovosibirsk Aviation Plant ngo-1979 ngokuthi "imveliso 44", ngo-1981, waqala iyangena ziiyunithi zomkhosi phantsi ikhowudi ye Su-24M. Ngokusesikweni, isampuli ezifakwa inkonzo ngo-1983. Nguye nzima ngaphezu kwase, kodwa ngokuchasene nemvelaphi ukuhla data moya igcinwe ubuphothophotho kakhulu wayenza i "olunyulu" Su-24. Iimpawu akuvumela wenze nkqu aerobatics, front-line bomber kuyimfanelo enqabile.

Ezintsha obalulekileyo ithuba, yaye ngo-flight yokugalela amafutha ezithuthi. Ukuba abaqhubi bakhe ukuba eqhele yee- yokuqala, emva kokusebenza ubuchule kakuhle yokusondela inqanawa cone nethumbu, kodwa iziphumo ukukugwebela umgudu. Kwirediyasi ukusetyenziswa yokulwa ngoku yokuzunguleza lonke Europe (ngexesha isuka evela WGF Airfield) kunye kakhulu Asia.

Su-24 kunye kwinkulungwane entsha

Nasekuqaleni kwewaka wesithathu, akukho nto ibonisa ukuba into yokuba kungekudala uza kuya 'abanye kakuhle nelilifaneleyo, "Su-24. Iimpawu zenza ukuba yokulwa imishini, ngokuqinisekileyo ukwenza iminyaka emininzi. Kwafuneka ithuba ukwenza ezinye ekulweni kwiimbambano eziliqela eyavelayo emva kokuwa USSR. Lo moya uba airframe nemixawuka, iinjini ezinamandla arsenal ububanzi. Kwintaba ephakame 200 meters, yena inokubhabha ngesantya ukuya ku 1400 km / h. SU-24 exhotyiswe yalila ukuhlangulwa eyahlukileyo ithetha. Yena uya kumkhonza kwilizwe ekhaya.