Iicawa zamaKatolika. Icawa yamaKatolika eSt. Stanislaus

Iicawa zamaKatolika zahluke kwi-Orthodox ngeendlela ezithile. IsiLatini, i-Eastern liturgical kunye nezinye iWestern - zonke ziyenzeka kulolu kholo. Inhloko ebonakalayo yeCawa yamaKatolika nguPapa, ophethe i-Holy See kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, iVatican eRoma. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba imbali yezikhumbuzo ezifana nezobuKatolika zicebile kwaye zihluke kakhulu. Ngamnye wabo unobomi bakhe.

Iicawa ezidumileyo zamaKatolika

I-Cathedral yaseSanta Maria del Fiore itholakala e-Italy, eFlorence. Ngelo xesha lwakhiwe ngayo, kwakukho ikedareli enkulu kunazo zonke eYurophu. Namhlanje ngowona wesithathu mkhulu. Akunakwenzeka ukuba uqaphele idome ekhethekileyo, ekuphakameni kwayo kufinyelela kumamitha angama-91, kwaye ububanzi - ngamamitha angama-42. Ingubo yentsapho yeengalo ze-Demidovs zikhutshwe kwi-facade yayo, eyenza igalelo elixabisekileyo lwemali ekuyiklanyeni kweli khathi. Ikwadume kakhulu kwiCathhedral yaseSt. Peter, eRoma. Yona ithempeli elikhulu lamaKristu ehlabathini (ukuphakama - 136 m, ubude - 218 m). Yaqala ukwakhiwa ngo-1506, apho kwakukho i-basilica yakudala, apho iindawo eziseleyo zompostile uPetros owaziwayo . Akunakwenzeka ukukhankanya iSaticlica yaseSt. Istvan, eyona itempile enkulu kunazo zonke eBudapest. Iyakwazi ukuhlalisa abantu abayizigidi eziyi-8,5. Indawo yayo yonke indawo i-4730 square meters. Isicwangciso saleli silicali sinokuthi sikhumbuze isiphambano samaGrike. Kwaye, kunjalo, i-Basilica yaseSt. Adalbert, ehlala eHungary, iyaziwa ngokubanzi. Le ntlanganiso yile itempile enkulu kweli lizwe kunye neyesihlanu ngobukhulu emhlabeni.

Amathredrals eMoscow

Icawa yamaRoma Katolika, eMoscow, yintloko yekrisiti yamaKatolika kulo lonke elaseRashiya. Yenzelwe izihlalo eziliwaka ezintlanu. UTomas Iosifovich Bogdanovich-Dvorzhetsky, umakhi weetempile, wenza into ecacileyo. Ukwakhiwa kwale nkundla yaqala ukususela ngo-1899 ukuya ku-1917. Ithempeli ngokwayo lalingcwaliswa ngowe-1911. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ngowe-1938 i-cathedral ithathwe kumaKatolika. Ngokuqinisekileyo yabuyiselwa ngonyaka ka-1996. Le tempile iyi-basilica ene-neo-gothic enamaqatha amathathu. Le yintlanganiso yesikhungo apho izihlwele zigcinwe ngeelwimi ezahlukeneyo. Le siFrentshi, nesiNgesi, nesiPolish, kunye nesiRashiya, kunye neSpanish, kunye neLatini. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ngisho neMasters Holy Trident kunye neenkonzo zenziwa apho ngokuhambelana nemidumo yaseArmenia. Eli cawa linelinye lamalungu amakhulu kunawo wonke eRashiya.

Imbali ye tempile

Ukuba sithetha ngamasonto amaKatolika, kunye nembali yabo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba le nkundla inxulumene namaqiniso anomdla kakhulu. Le tempile yavunyelwa ukuba yakhiwe kuphela kumgama ukusuka kwinqanaba lenkunzi kunye nezinye iicawa ezibalulekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kwakunqatshelwe ukwakha imifanekiso kunye neendonga ngaphandle kwesakhiwo. Ekuqaleni kwathiwa ukuba ibandla lithathwe kumaKatolika ngo-1938. Emva koko bamphanga waza bamenza indawo yokulala. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba iMfazwe Yehlabathi Yesibili yachaphazela necawa: ngenxa yokuqhuma ibhomu, iindawo ezininzi kunye neendonga zatshatyalaliswa. Ngo-2002, entwasahlobo, itempile yayibandakanyeka emthandazweni kwiRosari kunye noPapa John Paul II kunye namaKatolika avela kwihlabathi lonke. Kwaye ngo-2009, ngoDisemba 12, i-cathedral yayigubha iminyaka elishumi ukususela xa ivuselelwe. Kunyaka kunye nesiqingatha kamva, ngoSeptemba 4, 2011, i-centenary yesi sakhiwo esinqabileyo yayibhiyozelwa ngobukhulu.

Ikamva le tempile

Icawa yamaKatolika kwisitalato saseGeorgia ayinanto. Iququzelela i-catechesis, iintlanganiso ezahlukahlukeneyo zolutsha, amakhonsathi omculo, okwenzekayo kwisikhokelo salo naluphi na iziganeko zokunceda, kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi. Ivenkile yecawa, ilayibrari, i-ofisi yokuhlela kwiphepha eliyaziwayo "I-Catholic Herald - Ukukhanya kweVangeli", iofisi yombutho wamaKristu onobubele, imali - konke oku kuthetha kwitempile I-Immaculate Conception yeNtombikazi Enyulukileyo.

Iintempile zaseSt. Petersburg

EMoscow, kukho iicawa ezimbalwa ezahlukeneyo ongayithetha ngazo ixesha elide. Kodwa iicawa zamaKatolika zaseSt. Petersburg zifanelwe ingqalelo ekhethekileyo. Umzekelo, icawa yaseStan Stanislaus. Isakhiwo ngokwalo sakhiwe ngo-1823-25 kwikona yeeNgqungquthela kunye neTurgovaya Streets. Icawa yamaKatolika yaseSt. Stanislaus yayakhiwe kwindawo apho indawo yendawo yasemaphandleni kunye neNdlu yaseMetropolitan Stanislav Bogush-Sestrentsevich yayikho. Igama lakhe lafunyanwa ngokumkhumbula. Kufanelekile ukuphawula ukuba namhlanje kukho ithala leencwadi elingokomoya kufuphi netempile. Esi sakhiwo yintlanganiso yesibini yamaKatolika yedolophu yaseSt. Petersburg. Ngaphambi kwakhe kwakukho icawa yaseSt. Catherine. Nangona ubukhulu becala be-cathedral, iparishi yakhula ngokukhawuleza. Ngomnyaka we-1917, inani labafundisi beliqela lidlula abantu abayi-10.

Ukuphuhliswa kwetempile

Ngowe-1829 iCawa yamaKatolika yaseStan Stanislaus yavula isikolo esibizwa ngokuba nguSestrentsevich. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ixesha elide (ukususela ngo-1887 ukuya ku-1921), umntu obalaseleyo, kunye nomfelandazi ohloniphekileyo weCawa yamaKatolika kuwo wonke u-Russia, u-Antony Maletsky, owayengumabhishophu, wayekhonza kwintendelezo. Ngeli qiniso ngaphakathi kwetempile njengendawo ephambili yesikhumbuzo.

Iintlukwano phakathi kweeCawa zama-Orthodox neeKatolika

Esi sihloko sithandwa kakhulu ebuKristwini. Kufuneka ukuba uqaphele ukuba iicawa zamaKatolika nama-Orthodox zifana nokufana. Okokuqala, ukufana okubaluleke kakhulu kukuba abalandeli bezo zombini iinkolo bangamaKristu. Oku kwaziwa kubo bonke. Iicawa zamaKatolika zihluke kwi-Orthodox ekubukeka kwazo, kwaye ngokuhambelana nemimiselo evamkelekileyo. Baye baqonda ngokungafaniyo neCawa kunye nobunye bayo. I-Orthodox yabelana ngama-sacraments kunye nokholo, kodwa amaKatolika akhetha ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuba abe nekhanda-uPapa. Icawa yamaKatolika ikholelwa ukuba uMoya oyiNgcwele uvela kuYise noNyana, evuma kwiSimboli soTholo. Ngama-Orthodoxy kuncinane. Bavuma uMoya oyiNgcwele, ovela kuphela kuBawo. KwiKatolika, isigramente somtshato kufuneka ibe yinto yobomi: ukuhlukaniswa komtshato akuvumelekile. Kodwa iCawa yama - Orthodox kwezinye iimeko ikuvumela ukuba uqhawule umtshato.

AmaKatolika awamkela imfundiso ekhuluma nge- Immaculate Conception yeNtombikazi kaMariya. Kwaye oko kuthetha ukuba nesono sokuqala asizange sithinte. I-Orthodoxi izukisa ubungcwele boMama kaThixo, kodwa ikholelwa ukuba yayizalwe ngesono sokuqala, njengabantu bonke.

Ukufana kwama-Orthodoxy kunye nobuKatolika

Kufuneka ukuba uqaphele ukuba, nangona kukho ukungafani, ezi zimbini ziinkonzo zifana. Bobabini iOrthodoxy kunye neKatolika baqaphela zonke iisramramenti zamaKristu, apho zikho ezisixhenxe kuphela. Ngokufanayo, banemigangatho eqhelekileyo (ngamanye amagama - iitoni) zobomi becawa kunye nezinto eziyinhloko zesithethe: ubunjani nobungakanani bokuqhuba yonke i-sakramente, ukulandelelana kunye nomxholo weenkonzo zonqulo, ingaphakathi kunye nokubekwa kwetempile. Kukho ukufana okufanayo: iinkonzo zikaThixo zenziwa ngeelwimi zesizwe. Ukongezelela, isiLatini sisetyenzisiwe (njengokuba saziwa, ulwimi oluswelekileyo) kwiCawa yamaKatolika kunye neNdala yaseSlavonic (engasetyenziswa kwimpilo yemihla ngemihla) - kwiicawa zeOthodoki. Naphezu kwazo zonke izinto ezingafaniyo, ama-Orthodox amaKristu, njengamaKatolika, ehlabathini lonke, athi ifundiso kaYesu Kristu. Kwaye nantsi into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuyikhumbula yilezi: maye kanye kanye nokubandlulula kunye neempazamo zabantu abahlukeneyo ngamaKristu, kodwa ukholo oluthile kuThixo lusihlanganisayo.