Icon yeSt. Nicholas. Icon yeSt. Nicholas (uMsindisi): intsingiselo

Nabani na abantu, nokuba ngabaSlav okanye amaSulumane, bahlonela ookhokho babo, abangcwele kunye nalabo abathi, ngokwemithombo yamandulo, badala imbali. Ngoko, namhlanje ungakwazi ukudibanisa iintlobo zeempawu kunye nemiqondiso, eyenziwe ngokuhlonipha enye yezilumko, abasebenzi abasimangalisa. Ngokomzekelo, enye yemisebenzi efanelekileyo ngokwenene yisimboli yaseSt. Nicholas. Akukuhle kuphela, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu.

Ngubani uNikolai umSinner?

Makhe sibone ibali. U-Nikolai Sadnik ungumbhishobhi omkhulu, owayehlala ebizwa ngokuba nguMmangaliso. Oku kuthetha ukuba indoda engcwele yayingumgcini wongcwelisi wezilwandle, abahambi, abantwana nabathengisi. Kwimbali yecawa, kwakubonwa njengophawu lomandla, ukulunga nobulungisa. Ingcwele yazalwa e- Asia Minor. Oku kwenzeka kwinkulungwane yesithathu yexesha lethu. Ingxaki kaNicholas of Sad wasinda, kwaye, ngokwemininzi, yayibulela kwizilingo ezinjalo ukuba umphefumlo wakhe nomzimba wakhetha indlela efanelekileyo yobomi.

Le nkwenkwe yazalwa kwikoloni yaseGrike kwaye kwasekuqaleni yayinokholo. Ukususela ebuntwaneni yena wanikela ubomi bakhe ebuKristwini. Siyabonga ngabazali bakhe, uNikola Sbornik wakwazi ukufumana imfundo engundoqo. Le nkwenkwe yayithanda ukufunda iSibhalo esiNgcwele. Phantse onke amaxesha awayehlala kuyo uMoya oyiNgcwele, apho awazange aphume khona ngemini. Ebusuku, uNicholas wathandaza, wafunda nokucinga ngengqondo kunye noThixo. Inqaku elithakazelisayo kukuba emva kokufa kwabazali bakhe, lo mfana wanika ifa lakhe lonke inceba.

Ukuqala komsebenzi wongcwele

USt. Nicholas uMsindisi wakhonza ibandla ngexesha lolawulo lwabalawuli bamaRoma baseDiocletian, kunye no-Maximian. Aba bantu babini bayamthiya amaKristu kwaye bakhupha imimiselo malunga noshushiso lwabo. Ngeli xesha elilukhuni, iintempile, uluntu kunye namanye amaziko atshabalalise. Kodwa uNicholas wayehlala ehlangothini lwabantu. Wayebizwa ngokuba ngu "mkhuseli", njengoko wayehlala evikela iminqweno yabantu abangenacala kunye nabangcolileyo.

Ukongezelela, uNikolai wayehlala ethandazela abaloloshe, ngokuthumela ngengqondo imimoya emihle, ukukhuselwa kwi-piracy nezinye iimeko. Ngethuba lobomi bonke oyingcwele wayemangalisa ngemimangaliso nemisebenzi emininzi. UMbhishophu omkhulu waseRussia nguye ohlonishwa kakhulu, njengale hlabathi lonke. Namhlanje, uNikolai uMsindisi (umenzi wamangalisa) uyisimboli sokukhuselwa kwizifo kunye nomcebisi kwiintsilelo eziza kunceda. Amandla akhe aya kuhlala ekhulu kubantu baseRussia.

Izenzo zeMangalisa

Esinye seziganeko zokuqala ebusheni bomsebenzi osisimangaliso kwakuyihambo lokuya eYerusalem. Uyingcwele wagqiba ekubeni athathe isinyathelo esinjalo, kuba wayefuna ukukunceda nokuzalisekisa izicelo zabahambi abangathandabuzekiyo. Abanye bathi imithandazo kaNicholas yavuselela abantu, yanika amandla nokuzithemba, igcinwe ekufeni. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ebusheni bakhe waya kufunda eAlexandriya kwaye ngeli xesha lokuphila kwakhe wamvusa umkhumbi owawa e-mast.

Kukho umlandele malunga nendlela iSt. Nicholas uMsindisi wasindisa ngayo intombazana emantombazana amathathu, ubuhle bayo "bathengiswa" nguyise, ekubeni wayekholelwa ukuba le ndlela yodwa yokuhlawula amatyala kwaye aphile kwimeko enzima kangaka. Xa oyingcwele efunda ngesifo esibuhlungu samantombazana amancinci, wenza indlela yakhe kubo ebusuku ebusuku kwaye washiya isikhwama segolide kuba ngowokuqala kweentombi, ezaba yintlanzi yakhe. Kwiinyanga ezili-12 kamva, uNikolai waphinda wachaza into efanayo, kuphela ngeli xesha wayishiya imali phakathi koodade. Ngandlela-thile uyise wabo wafumanisa ukuba uSinner uncede intsapho yabo, waza wagqiba ukumbuyekeza. Emva koko le ndoda yafihla egumbini lentombi yakhe encinane kwaye ilindele uNicholas ukuba eze. Ngokomnye uguqulelo, wayesebona ummangaliso, kodwa akazange amkele nantoni na. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba wayebhekisiwe njengomkhweli onomdla weCawa likaKristu. Imithombo ithi izithixo kunye nezithempeleni zobuhedeni ezingenabububele.

Iintlanzi zikaNicholas uMmangaliso

Ngethuba lobomi bakhe obuninzi, uNikola waseSafa wamenza izenzo ezininzi ezinesibindi. Abanye bakholelwa ukuba yayiyinkonzo yakhe uThixo ayinike yona iminyaka emininzi yobomi, ngokwenene, ummangaliso wasweleka esemdala kakhulu. Namhlanje, iintambo zeSt. Nicholas zigcinwa kwi-basilica yaseSt. Nicholas (Bari), kodwa kungekho ngokupheleleyo. Ekubeni abanye babo baseTurkey, kwibandla laseSt. Nicholas. Oku kubangelwe kukuba inyaniso yokuba yonke into engasayi kukhishwa. Ngoko ke, kwavela ukuba zigcinwe kwimimandla eyahlukileyo.

Ukuzukiswa ngcwele ongcwele, iicawa kunye neetempileni zakhiwe kwizixeko ezahlukeneyo nakwamanye amazwe. Kucingelwa ukuba abahamba ngomkhombe bathatha ezinye iinkcukacha zikaNicholas baze bamthumelela eBari, kodwa iziqhezu ezisele zahlala ethuneni. Abantu bazisa izityebi eVenice, apho ibandla elilandelayo layakhelwa khona.

Ukubonakala komthendeleko weSt. Nicholas

Namhlanje kwizixeko ezininzi nakumazwe kukho icawa yaseSt. Nicholas, enoba ngubani na onokutyelela. Kwaye akumangalisi ukuba abantu bayavuya kule ndawo. Abanye bafuna inkxaso, abanye bayathuthuzela, kwaye abanye bafuna ukumbulela ongcwele uncedo. Emva koko, ixesha elide uNiclas the Wonderworker uthathwa ngokuba ngumntu oqhelekileyo, ongenatyala, onyelweyo, obuthathaka.

Ukuhlonipha indoda enjalo ngexesha lethu kubhiyozelwa ngomhla kaSt. Nicholas. Abantu beza njani kule nto? Konke kwaqala ngomhla wokudluliselwa kweempahla. Ngelo xesha, kuphela abahlali baseBari, ababenomdla wokugcina isisele se-saint, babhiyozela le holide. Kwamanye amazwe, ayengacingwa ingqalelo kwaye ayizange ithathwe ngokungathí sina. Nangona kunjalo, kumazwe aseRussia enkulu iingcwele zazihlala zihlonishwa, kwaye amahemuhemu malunga nomthendeleko weSt. Nicholas wasasazeka ngokukhawuleza. Icawa yamaOthodoki yabeka umhla-ngoMeyi 9. Ukususela ngoko, okokuba, ukususela ngo-1087, abantu babhiyozela umthendeleko ongcwele nohloniphekileyo kaThixo.

Kuze kube yimini, umthendeleko ugujwa eziliqela ngamawaka. Kodwa kubameli beRashiya, udibene nomhla kaDisemba 19. Ukongezelela, le mini ithathwa njengeholide yezingane, njengoko uNicholas ezisa izipho kubangani bakhe abancinane ngaphantsi komlambo (okwenyani, ukuba baye baziphatha yonke iminyaka).

Imini yemihla yeholide

Ngoko, ngexesha lethu kunemihla emininzi yeholide yeSt Nicholas. Eyokuqala nguDisemba 6 (19). Ngaphambili kwakukholelwa ukuba lo ngumhla wokufa kommangaliso, kodwa namhlanje iholide yezingane eziqhelekileyo, ezidibene neesekese kunye neentsana ezitsha, ezibonakala ngokubonakala phantsi komlotha womntwana. Umhla wesibini nguMeyi 9 (22). Le holide yayibhiyozelwa ukususela ngo-1087, xa isalathisi sawo safika eBari. Kwaye, ekugqibeleni, ngoJuni 29 (Agasti 11) - ukuzalwa kukaNicholas.

Indawo engcwele yeSt. Nicholas ezintliziyweni zabantu baseRussia

Emazweni oMbuso waseRussia, igama lomenzi osisimangaliso lalihlala lihlonishwa. Ukongezelela, i-icon kaNicholas the Slyther ayizange ifihle kwizinto ezinokwakheka kwaye zikholelwa, nto leyo eyathetha kakhulu kumntu wonke. Esi sizathu sokuba inani elikhulu leetempileni kunye nemisebenzi enikezelwe kulo mntu. Ngaphambi kwekhulu lemashumi mabini, igama likaNicholas lenye yezona zithandwa kakhulu xa zibiza abantwana. Abantu bakholelwa ukuba xa bambiza le nkwenkwana, bayamnika ingqungquthela yobungcwele kunye nobukhulu bomsebenzi ongenangqondo.

Icon yeSt. Nicholas uMsindisi

Kuye kwaphawulwa ngaphezu kweyodwa abantu abathanda uNikolai umSinner kunye nomntu ongekho mthethweni, wafunyanwa kunye nezicelo zokuncenga. Akumangalisi ukuba emva kokufa kwakhe baqala ukukhonza isithonjana somsebenzi osimangaliso. Kuzo zonke i-Slav, kwakubaluleke kakhulu. Kodwa yintoni eyayithetha intsingiselo? Kutheni abantu babecinga baze baqhubeke becinga ukuba uyakwazi ukuphilisa, ukunceda nokukhusela?

Isimboli sokukhusela, ubuqaqawuli nobulungisa baseRashiya nguNikolai iSinner. I-icon, intsingiselo echazwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwaye ichazwe, yaba ngumsebenzi wommangaliso emva kokufa kwakhe. Bajika kuye xa efuna uncedo, ngokwenene unceda amakholwa. Kwaye akunandaba nokuba umntu u sityebi okanye uhlwempuzekile, okokukhethayo kwenkolo okanye umbala wesikhumba, impembelelo ye-icon inkulu.

Iintsingiselo zeNkcazo yeMisebenzi yeMangaliso

Icon yeSt Nicholas "isebenza" kumntu ngamnye ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Kodwa kukho inkolelo malunga nayo yonke into efanayo. Ngokwabaphengululi abaninzi, luphawu lokukhuselwa kwabantu. Le ntsi ngiselo yalo. Kukholelwa ukuba i-icon iyakwazi ukuphilisa, ukukhulula ukugula, ukudala imimangaliso yangempela kwaye kungakhathaliseki ukuba ikholwa ngumntu okanye cha. Ngaloo ndlela, intsingiselo yokucacisa ilula kakhulu - isalathisi esinceda abantu. Ewe, abaninzi banqwenela ukukhonza isithonjana sokuqala. Namhlanje, umfanekiso wesanta unokuthengwa kwiindawo ezininzi, kodwa ukusuka kulo mpembelelo womfanekiso omangalisayo awuyi kunciphisa. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba isenzo se-icon siba namandla ngokuphindaphindiweyo xa uthetha umthandazo okhethekileyo.

Umthandazo kuNikolai uMsindisi

Kususela emva komthandazo ngaphambi kokuba uphawu luqwalaselwe njengomgcini wokukhusela umntu kunye nabantu, malunga nokuba ufuna ntoni umfanekiso wesanta. Ngoko ke, ihlala ikhuthazwa ukuba ivakalise ukuba isenzo somelele. Enyanisweni, kukho inamba enkulu yemithandazo kuNicholas the Sinner. Kwanele ukuba umntu akhethe lowo oza kunceda ukufezekisa umphumo oyifunayo. Ngokomzekelo, cela umtshato okanye ukhuselo, ulahle ukugula okanye inkathazo njalonjalo. Kodwa kusekho imithandazo eyisixhenxe engundoqo apho wonke umntu angafunda. Emva koko, ukuzithetha phambi kwe-icon, unokuqiniseka ukuba amandla angavamile aya kumkhusela kunye nawo onke amalungu entsapho, kunye nendlu kunye nezihlobo.

I-icon yaseSt. Nicholas uMmangaliso unamandla omlingo. Akakwazi kuphela ukuzalisa isicelo somntu, kodwa uphinde uphendule imibuzo ethile. Umthandazo othembekileyo unikwe amandla angaqondakaliyo angaphilisa, akhuphe izifo zengqondo okanye zomzimba, aze akhanyise, adibanise umtshato osemthethweni kunye nomntu wakho omthandayo kwaye uyalibale ngokuxabana. Ukongezelela, i-icon inamandla anokusombulula iingxaki zobomi, ukusuka kwincinci ukuya kwikhulu. Akukho zixhobo zaseRashiya, ngaphandle kwalabo abazinikezele kwiNtombikazi, abazange bahlale kwindawo ebalulekileyo entliziyweni yabantu baseSlavic, njengomfanekiso waseTt Nicholas.

Inyaniso

Umntu ngamnye unokufikelela kwi icon yakhe yaseSt. Nicholas. Oku kubangelwa kukuba iholide ibhiyozelwa kwiintsuku ezahlukeneyo zekhalenda. Ngaloo ndlela, kukho uphawu lwe "Nikola Winter" kunye no "Nikola Veshnego." Iyokuqala yayiboniswe kwi-miter yombhishophu, kwaye yesibini intloko ingavulwe. Ngoko ke, akufanele sicinge ukuba iimpawu zihlukile, kwaye abantu bahluke. Hayi, zombini inentsingiselo efanayo kunye nefuthe elimangalisayo kubantu.

Phakathi kwezinye izinto, uNicholas naye ungumgcini we-Gypsies yama-Orthodox. Kwakhona inqaku elithandayo kukuba omnye ummangaliso nguSanta Claus. Yonke into yokuba, ngokweminye yeengcamango, xa uNikolay eshiya iingxowa kumantombazana ahluphekileyo, kunye noyise wayefuna ukumhlangabeza aze ambulele, waqaphela kwangaphambili le meko waza waphosa igolide kwisitshini. Kule bali ukuba umzobo weSanta omkhulu kunye onobubele uyakhiwa.

Kufuneka kwakhona kuqatshelwe ukuba iSt. Nicholas Day ibhiyozelwa kwiDiyesie yaseRyazan. Lo mbhiyozo ugujwa kwendawo kwaye ngokuhlonipha umfanekiso wommangalisa. KwiSlavs, umbhishobhi omkhulu uhlala edibanisa noThixo ngokwakhe. Uhlala kwindawo ebalulekileyo entliziyweni yamakholwa kwaye uhlala ebancedisa ukujamelana nezifo kunye nokungaphumeleli. ERashiya kukho abameleli abahlala kwiBuddhist abantu-i-Buryats. Baqaphela uNikolai uMsindisi kunye nobomi bokuchuma nokuphila. I-Kalmyks, kwakhona, yayiquka ummangaliso kumsebenzi wezandla zoMoya weCaspian Sea.

St. Nicholas

Yimangalisa njengoko kubonakala ngathi abanye abangakholwayo, kodwa uphawu lweSt. Nicholas lusebenza. Ngethuba lethu kukho ubungqina beli, kuba amabali abo abelwa ngabantu abaqhelekileyo abathandazela umfanekiso wommangalisa. Ngoko, umzekelo, ukubeka uphawu kwimoto, abaninzi babalekele kwiingozi ezinkulu okanye ukufa ngenxa yesiganeko esiyingozi. Abanye babelana ngokubonakala kwabo ngamandla okuphilisa. Kwabesetyhini abaninzi, umfanekiso wesanta uncede ukufumana uthando nolonwabo. USt. Nicholas uMsindisi (uphawu olubhekiselele kulo njengomgcini, uphawu lokukhusela, ubabalo, njl.) Lwaqala ukubonakaliswa malunga ne-1325.

Indawo 'yokuthetha' kunye noyingcwele

Ekugqibeleni, ndifuna ukuphawula ukuba kukho indawo apho unokuhlala uthandaza khona "uthetha nommangalisa" - le ngqungquthela kaNikolai iSinner. Kodwa unokucela uncedo oluvela kwintonga ekhaya, phambi kobuso bakhe okanye ngaphandle kwe icon. Into ephambili ukwenza oku ngeenjongo ezilungileyo, umphefumlo ococekileyo nokunyaniseka.