Ibharometer - yintoni na? Izixhobo zokulinganisa ukunyanzeliswa kwemoya

Barometer, yintoni na? Le divayisi yenzelwe ukuphendula ngokutshintsha kweengcinezelo zomoya. Ubungakanani bomhlaba weplanethi yethu bubuninzi beekhilomitha ezilikhulu. Uxinzelelo lwegesi edibeneyo kulo luhluke kwiqondo elincinci, nangona kunjalo, kwimiqulu eninzi, umthwalo obalulekileyo phezu komhlaba uqhubeka. Enyanisweni, umntu akanakunqwenela ukuva, kuba ulungelelaniso kwimpembelelo yale nto. Nangona kunjalo, eli xabiso liyakwazi ukulinganisa.

Umgaqo wokusebenza kwezixhobo ezilula

Idivaysi elula yokulinganisa ingcinezelo yemozulu (AD) yisisombululo esilula esineqabunga elinesigxina seglasi kunye ne-mercury filler. Omnye wobukhulu bomgangatho weso sixhobo: ityhubhu eyi-1 mm ubukhulu kunye nekhilomitha ezilikhulu ubude.

Ukuba uvala umgcini wokuphela, kwaye uvule inxalenye, phantsi inani elithile le-mercury liya kususwa, kwaye inxalenye ethile iya kuhlala ngaphakathi. Umxholo wentsimbi yesisitya iya kuncipha de ukunyanzeliswa kwangaphakathi kunye nangaphandle.

I-aneroid ne-mercury ifowuni

I-barometer engabonakaliyo, yintoni na? Ngokomgaqo, umsebenzi wale fowuni uthatha ingqalelo kwi-oscillations kwi-case yeral yenziwe ngeendonga ze-wavy, apho umoya uphonyelwa khona.

Izithambiso ezinqamlekileyo zebhokisi ngokuxinzelela, ukugoba, kunye nokunciphisa - gxotha ngaphandle. Indlela ekhethekileyo yamagumbi okusebenza idibene ncitshulwa. Ibonisa ukubaluleka koxinzelelo lwangaphakathi kwizinga eligqityiweyo kwimilimitha yekholomu ye-mercury.

Isixhobo sokulinganisa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi yintlawu ye-glass edibeneyo e-U nge-mercury filler. Iimpawu zichongiwe ngokwahlukileyo kwinqulatho kwinqanaba elongezelelweyo nelincinci lebhubhile.

Ngoncedo lweebharograf, ukuhluka koxinzelelo lwegazi kubhalwe kwi-tepi kwi-unit esebenzayo yengqungquthela. Ixabiso elilinganiselweyo lirekhodwa kwiimitha (mm Hg) okanye iibhilibari (mbar).

Barograph

Emva koko i-barograph ifakiwe. Umbuzo - i-barometer, yintoni ekukucwangcisiweyo, unokuphendula - yirekhodi-irekhoda yokulungiswa rhoqo kwengcinezelo yemozulu. Isenzo saso sisekelwe ekutshintsheni kwegazi. Ngenxa yoko, i-deformation idluliselwa yinkqubo kwisixhobo. Xa kufundwa ukwanda, iibhokisi ziyacinywa, ipeni kunye neepeni iya kunyuka, kwaye ukuba uxinzelelo lwekamelo luyancipha, umthombo wokulawula uba lukhulu, kwaye irekhodi likhokela ngaphantsi. Ukufundwa kwengcinezelo ekhutshweyo kukhishwa kwi-tape ekhethiweyo yamaphepha, ebeka kwiidrama ezijikelezayo.

Ukuphelisa ukuguqulwa kwamaqondo okuchaphazela ukuchaneka kokufundwa, ama-capacitors ukusuka kwi-bimetal afakwe kwiifowuni. Iifowuni zifakwe ngaphandle kweefowuni zokufudumala kwaye kufuneka zikhuselwe ilanga ngqo. Inkqubo yewashi yenzelwe usuku okanye iveki.

Izixhobo zokusetyenziswa

Ukufunda i-barometer kubhalwe ngokutshintshwa kweengxelo kwiimeko zemozulu kwimimandla eyahlukileyo, ekubeni uxinzelelo lomoya luyingakanani eguqukayo, eyaziwayo kwizifundo zesikolo zembali yendalo.

Ngomoya omhle, ofudumalayo ongenamandla, i-barometer iphakanyiswe ngodongeni okanye i-tabletop ebonisa ixabiso eliphezulu. Ngoko ke, ngokunciphisa idatha kwixesha elizayo kufuphi, ukupholisa okanye ukunyanzeliswa kulindeleke.

Isixhobo esiphezulu ngaphakathi kwendlu sisebenza ngokufana nendawo engagqitywanga ngamacango, izindonga kunye nezicingo. Ukuphakama kwesi sakhiwo kutshintsha ukufundwa kwesixhobo, ekubeni uxinzelelo luya kuba lusezantsi kumgangatho we-9 kwaye luphezulu kunamazinga aphantsi kwesakhiwo esisodwa.

Isixhobo sokuguqula isisindo

Ephakamileyo ukuphakanyiswa phezulu, i-downs indices ingcinezelo yekholomu yezulu. Ixesha eliqhelekileyo lisetyenziswe kwiimpahla zendiza ezibonisa ukuphakama kwendiza. Ezi zixhobo zibizwa ngokuba yi-altimeters.

Ngokungathandabuzekiyo, iziphumo zokuqala, ezingekho zixhobo ezigqibeleleyo, zihluke kakhulu kwiimeko zemozulu, ngenxa yokuba izimo zemozulu ezibi zahamba kunye nokuhla kweengcinezelo, ngokulandelanayo, ukufundwa kwezixhobo kubonisa idatha ekhudlwana kunokuba uphawu lwangempela. Ukulungisa uvavanyo oluchanekileyo, iiparamitha eziphumayo kufuneka zilungiswe. Umgaqo wokusebenza kwama-altimeters anamhlanje uhlukile - awusebenzisi uxinzelelo lwemoya ukulinganisa ukuphakama.

Ungayisebenzisa njani?

Iwashi enebarometer kunye nezinye iindidi zezixhobo isisombululo se-pointer esinomlinganiselo ojikelezayo okanye oval apho kukho ukwahlukana. Umlinganiselo uthathwa kwiimitha zamamitha.

Kwixabiso le 750-760 mm Hg. Ubugcisa. Kwixesha elizayo, kulindeleke umhla ococekileyo, ongenakukuthintela uhambo, uhambo oluya kwendalo, indawo yokuhlala ehlobo. Ngomtsalane kwisalathisi esingaphantsi kwe-750, kunokukhokelela kokuwa, oku kuthetha ukulindela isimo sezulu esingahambelaniyo, ukupholisa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokukhawuleza kwamanzi.

Ukubeka ingcinezelo yengcinezelo yegazi kubalulekile kulabo bafumana uxinzelelo lwegazi eliphezulu. Ngethuba lexesha lokuguquka okubalulekileyo kwalolu lathisi, abantu abanjalo baxhomekeke ekudakaleni kwesimo sezempilo. Ulwazi malunga noshintsho lwemozulu lubalulekile kubo ngenxa yokuthatha ixesha elifanelekileyo kweyeza, ukulondoloza ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nempilo.

Iimodeli zanamhlanje

Ngoku iikhowudi ze-barometri okanye iintlobo ze-siphon zisetyenziswa rhoqo. Kwizixhobo eziphambili ezixhotyiswe ngesilinganiselo esikhokhelwayo, ingcinezelo yemoya ibalwa ngokuthe ngqo kwindawo ye-mercury kwisitya seglasi.

Kwiimpawu zokuhamba, ngaphambi kokuqala ukujonga, izinga le-mercury kwisitya kwi-zero uphawu luyalungiswa okokuqala usebenzisa isihlunu esilawulayo. Kwiinkcukacha ze-siphon-cup, ixabiso le-AD lilinganiswa ngumlinganiselo wobude bekholomu kwindawo ende kwaye evulekile. Isixhobo esinjalo sibalwa ukufundwa kwii-500. Ukuqaphela isahlulo seshumi sekholomu, isetyenzisi yeselula esetyenziswe.

Iziphumo ezifunyenweyo zamanqanaba engcinezelo zomoya zinikezwa ngetafile ekhethekileyo kwi-degrees Celsius. Ukufunda okushisa kunokubaluleka kakhulu. Nangona iindidi ze-barometers, zifakwe kwiindawo zokushisa (ii-ovens, i-heaters, ilanga ngqo), kunye nokuvuleka kwendlu kunye neefestile.

Izixhobo

Isixhobo esicatshulweyo singasetyenziselwa kwisakhiwo esilungeleyo nesincinane. Umzekelo, iwashi ene-barometer inokusebenza okulandelayo:

• Ukungaphumeleli kwamanzi, ukuya kuma-50-100 amitha.
• Ukuzinza kweempembelelo kunye neempembelelo zamashishini, ezibalulekileyo kubadobi, abazingeli kunye nabathandi bezozonwabisa eziqatha.
• I-barometer ikuvumela ukuba uqikelele utshintsho kwingcinezelo yemozulu kunye nemozulu ngokubanzi.
• Ukongezelela, iwashi linokuxhotyiswa nge-thermometer, ukukhanya kwesikrini, ikhampasi kunye ne-navigator, okwenza kube lula ukuhlala kwindawo engaziwayo.

Kumbuzo othi "iBarometer, yintoni le?" Unokuphendula ngokuqinisekileyo - ifowuni ibaluleke kakhulu kubahambi, abalobi, abazingeli kunye nabanxweme. Ukongezelela, le ngqamzana ekusetyenzisweni kwekhaya ikuvumela ukuba uqikelele ngokuchanekileyo ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu, esibalulekileyo kubantu abanezifo zesimo senhliziyo kunye nesistim.