Ibali karhataka? Ukudala inoveli "Dubrovsky"

Ngokutsho lo mbhalo, ezinye iifilim wabeka, ibali lakhe yaba isiseko opera odumileyo. Ukongeza, kuba abaninzi ababephila ngexesha Pushkin kunye abafundi baziincamisa ngayo umsebenzi wakhe imbali entsha kuphela, ukudalwa "Dubrovsky" inoveli ulahlekiso abaninzi wathi, kukho impazamo ke lowo Imbongi enkulu. Yinyaniso le?

Russian Robin Gud

genius Pushkin amenza wabeka imingeni emitsha ngakumbi nangakumbi. Le vesi ulwimi eyaba isiseko iincwadi ezinkulu, inkcubeko enkulu. Xa iprozi, ulwimi - olulula, kucacile, ekhululekile - zaye zabhalwa "Belkin", oko kunganzima ukuba ngokuba iitekisi kuphela prosaic, kuba benjenjalo ngokuchanileyo nge isithuba lwembongi ukuba igama ngalinye, isandi ngasinye.

Ukusuka "iNkosikazi zibe Ntombi" kwi "Dubrovsky"

Nangona kweminyaka emibini emva kokuba "iNkosikazi ibe Ntombi" kwi "Dubrovsky" kuvela kwakhona uthando kubantu abatsha abasuka nempahla ekufutshane, nokuba babonakala ukunxibelelana - eshiya emthini umngxuma umyalezo ekunene, imbali indalo "Dubrovsky" inoveli ubonisa kuthi Pushkin entsha. Umbhali ukuvuthwa libonakala ezahlukeneyo kakhulu ehlabathini.

Ekubeni ngehlobo lika 1831 Pushkin isiba indalo ebaluleke ngayo imisebenzi ukubhala ye ezikumila ezahlukeneyo, apho umxholo eziphambili ovusa exoxwe. Ukudala inoveli "Dubrovsky 'ukuba uqale umnqweno ukudala umfanekiso kwi adventure inoveli Russian, ithandwa kangaka kwiincwadi Koloni. Kodwa cinga itekisi Pushkin kaThixo yi kuphela uqi echo kweenoveli Walter Scott, okanye ingqondo "karhataka" umxholo esiphakanyiswa Schiller, Okwala kwinqanaba banal ka-Alexander. Mhlawumbi iimbono yenkuthazo yokuqala enokuba imilo efanayo, kodwa ke ziye okubaluleke kakhulu.

Dubrovsky - Ostrovsky?

It Ostrovsky yasekuqaleni ukuba igama ophambili ka Pushkin. Kugxile kuye ukuba uxelele umhlobo olungileyo yembali Moscow P. V. Naschokinym. Ukudala inoveli "Dubrovsky" luqinisekiswa kakhulu abazana Pushkin nge Naschokina kunye neemeko ityala lo mhlaba Belarusian Pavla Ostrovskogo.

IPhepha khe Hamlet encinane egeza ezingamashumi amabini, nto leyo kwiphondo Minsk, itshiswe ngexesha lokuhlasela Napoleonic. Oxhaphaza ummelwane osisityebi, babanjwe ilali encinane-mhlaba ehluphekayo. Kangangethuba, kwafuneka ukuba nenxaxheba ootitshala ekhaya, kodwa kungekudala kwezo ndawo baqala ukuhlaselwa bailiffs kunye namanye amagosa. Ostrovsky ubanjiwe, ngokutsho kwabantu, wakwazi bosinda okusarhela ngokusebenzisa chain ukuya ngamakhamandela, kukho oko kulahlekileyo. Siye phambi kwethu neyelenqe phantse ngqo inoveli Pushkin kaThixo.

Ityala uLieutenant Muratova

Isahluko sesibini "Dubrovskii" Pushkin ubeka uxwebhu esishwankathela Troekurova kwisimangalo ngokusebenzisana nowayesakuba nabanye. Esi sigwebo kubonakala ukuba abhale ngayo umbhali, enomtsalane ukuze kantselyarizmy kunye nengeniso enzima. Kodwa kuvela, i ikopi yoxwebhu ityala enkundleni ngomhla yokuhlukana welifa uLieutenant Martynov wakhetha ummelwane - Colonel Kryukov. Pushkin wabeka ikopi yoxwebhu kwi iidrafti inoveli, ipensile ukwenza utshintsho - walitshintsha igama yokwenene abo umnike abalinganiswa "Dubrovsky".

Le ndawo uyilo ezinyuliweyo - Kozlowski County Tambov kwiphondo, apho kwakukho eli bali. Ukudala inoveli "Dubrovsky" ukuba isekelwe phezu iinkqubo ezifanayo esenzeka mbuso omkhulu. Inguqulelo yokugqibela igama ophambili ka Pushkin waba adalwe xa wayedibana amatyala efanayo kwiphondo Nizhny Novgorod, kuphi na odumileyo Pushkin kwilifa Boldin. Phakathi abantu bokwenene wadibana mhlaba kunye negama oludlulisa. Oku eli gama liye laba igama i kwinoveli engagqitywanga, xa wagqiba ukupapasha kwimisebenzi Kubala okukhanya.

yokuvukela ethandwayo

Kakade ke, kunzima ukucinga umsebenzi Pushkin yokuhlanganisela eyimfama zisekelwe kumatyala yokwenene mihla le. imbali "Dubrovsky" inoveli ayikwazi alibonakali kanje. Pushkin wayenomdla, ngezimanga zentlalo ephawulekayo. Indlela akwazi ngoyaba zaseSoweto axhobileyo 1830 eParis kunye Lille, intshukumo yenkululeko yesizwe Polish nxamnye Nicholas Mna, kwaye ubukhosi owayephila Russian apha kwaye kukho kwabaneka zaqalwa sorhudo.

It ishiya uphawu yayo ngembali yomsebenzi Pugachev imfazwe Pushkin kaThixo. Yintoni na ke imbali inoveli "Dubrovsky" - ibali nesabasilaleleyo onesidima alwa namajoni karhulumente - angayenza ngaphandle kubhekiswa kubantu olityelweyo Sasungulwa imfazwe. In Kistenevka Ashera abafana, efana kakhulu nezo Pushkin wathumela umkhosi Pugachev ekuphumeni "Ntombi I Yomphathi." nathi awuboni imvume ngokupheleleyo umbhali element wemvukelo - kwinkqubela "Dubrovsky" indoda oselula inokuyiphelisa band yakhe, nto leyo ebonakala kakhulu ubhalo.

ngenxa

Imbali Nokuba emfutshane kakhulu "Dubrovsky" inoveli yenza boko uluvo athukayo ababhali abaninzi ohlonitshwayo kulo msebenzi Pushkin. Ukuze bakuchaza njengenzame aliphumelelanga ukwenza imali ngokudala fiction elula, kufuneka sibe nesimo sengqondo zidla kakhulu igama elikhulu. Alexander, lowo uzama ukufikelela kwinqanaba Zagoskina, Lazhechnikov okanye Bulgarin (ngaloo ndlela inikwa "Dubrovsky" ngabagxeki abathile) - ayinyamezeleki kakhulu ukuba kuyinyaniso.

Akwaziwa ngayo umbhali ange lwaphela kuthandana kwabo, kodwa ukuba libe lelona kwindawo ebekiweyo kuya kuba ngokwaneleyo ukuba ukhathazeke kakhulu malunga abafundi zangoku nezizayo.