Yintoni lenkcenkce? Iimpawu kunye neempawu etyhidiweyo

Yintoni lenkcenkce? Indlela emi ngayo into babenomdla kumaxesha amandulo. Ngubani wavula malunga 96 iintlobo yesinyithi. iimpawu zabo, yaye siza kuthetha kweli nqaku.

Yintoni lenkcenkce?

Inani elikhulu leziqalelo kwi lwezakhi libhekisela nesinyithi. Ngoku waziwa ukuba umntu 96 kuphela yohlobo lwazo. Ngamnye kubo iimpawu zayo, uninzi lwazo okwangoku kakuhle.

Yintoni lenkcenkce? Le into elula, nto leyo luphawulwa conductivity aphezulu zombane kunye thermal, elihle lobushushu conductivity ingumlingani. Uninzi iintsimbi namandla eliphezulu, ductility kunye nesivuno kwanokwenza. Enye iimpawu ezinika kuba phambi ayenechaphothi sisinyithi.

Intsingiselo "metal" linxulunyaniswa métallion yamaGrike, apho lithetha "kusavunjululwa ezweni" yaye "ikopi zam". In isigama Russian Kwathi ngexesha lokulawula Peter I ulwimi German (German. Metall), apho ilizwi ukuhambisa ukusuka kwisiLatini.

iipropati ngokomzimba

izinto metal jikelele ductility elungileyo, ngaphandle tin, izinc, kunye manganese. Density, bahlukene ningene ekukhanyeni (aluminiyam, lithium) kunye enzima (osmium, Tungsten). Uninzi has indawo ephakamileyo yokunyibilika, uluhlu iyonke iyahluka - 39 ngo-HG ukuya 3410 degrees Celsius for Tungsten.

Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, ngesinyithi ngaphandle imetyhuri France, eqinile. The degree of yokuqaqadeka kumiselwa phezu iscale isikali Moss, apho kukho liphezulu lamanqaku-10 uthathwa. Ngoko ke, i inzima ezi Tungsten neyuranium (6.0), i ezinqamlezeneyo yi atom (0.2). izinyithi abaninzi shades ubuhle, bamantshontsho yaye ndiyingwevu, kodwa abanye abayinqobo imibala etyheli obomvu.

Xa ezikrobeni zabo crystal ezi elektroni mobile, awenze ihambo yangoku elihle zombane kunye nobushushu. Kungcono ukujongana nayo nangesilivere nangobhedu. It has conductivity lisezantsi wobushushu lesigidi.

iipropati chemical

Ngeempawu eekhemikhali iintsimbi abazakluleyo ibe nobuninzi yamaqela. Phakathi kwabo, metal kwealkali, ialakalin umhlaba, imiphunga, yaye actinides actinium, lanthanum kunye lanthanides, semimetals. Ngokwahlukileyo ezi magnesium beryllium.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, izinyithi asebenze ekunciphiseni arhente lweeprogram ezingezoze-iintsimbi. Baye izinto ezahlukeneyo, ngoko ke kuvamile into efana. Eyona sikhuthele isinyithi kwealkali, baya kusabela lula kunye hydrogen, amanzi.

Phantsi kweemeko ezithile, phantse lonke banxibelelane yentsimbi oksijini. Reaction kuso igolide kuphela kunye platinum. Kwakhona musa modem chlorine nesalfure, ngokwahlukileyo kwezinye zesinyithi. iqela awana into oxidized kwimeko yesiqhelo, enye kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu.

Ukuba indalo

Indalo, i zimbiwa zifumaneka ikakhulu kwi sisimbiwa okanye iikhompawundi, umz, oxides, iityuwa, carbonates. Phambi ukusetyenziswa, ukuba eve amanyathelo zokuhlanjululwa ixesha elide. izinyithi abaninzi ihambe zezimbiwa. Ngoko ke, inxalenye isiqalelo esithambileyo esimhlophe, nezinki sisimbiwa, scandium kunye tantalum ehlanganiswa etotini.

Kanye ngendlela esulungekileyo ifumaneka kuphela egalelwe, oko kukuthi, izinyithi ezingezo-esebenzayo. Ngenxa susceptibility buthathaka ukuya igcwala umhlwa, abo abawawinileyo isihloko amanene. Ezi ziquka igolide, platinum, isilivere, ruthenium, osmium, mbala, njalo njalo. D. iintsimbi obuxabisekileyo nezimo kakhulu yaye ukukhazimla eliqaqambileyo iimpawu kwimveliso ogqityiweyo.

Iintsimbi yonke indawo. Kukuninzi, bona kuqweqwe lomhlaba. Avamise kakhulu-aluminiyam, intsimbi, isodiyam, nemagnesium, calcium, titanium kunye potassium. Bona afumaneka olwandle (isodiyam nemagnesium), yinxalenye eziphilayo. Emzimbeni womntu, isinyithi zikhona ithambo (calcium) egazini (intsimbi), luvo (wemagniziyam), izihlunu (nemagnesium) kunye namanye amaziko.

Ukufunda nokusebenzisa

Yintoni metal eyaziwa yamandulo ngakumbi. Phakathi ezafunyanwa Egyptian zakudala abasusela 3-4 leminyaka BC, amanqaku ezenziwe amatye anqabileyo zifunyenwe. Umntu wokuqala bafumanisa negolide, nobhedu, nesilivere, ilothe, intsimbi, inkcenkce, mercury. Bakhonza ukuba ukwenziwa izacholo, izixhobo, izinto kwisiko kunye nezixhobo.

KumaXesha Aphakathi kokuba kufunyenwe kwistibhiya, iarseniki, bismuth zinc. Bona basoloko iipropati zobugqi, ezinxulumene enesithuba, intshukumo ye iiplanethi eziqhotyoshelweyo. Abenzi bamachiza kwenziwa amalinge amaninzi ngethemba aguqule mercury emanzini okanye igolide. Ngokuthe ngcembe, inani obafunyanwa landa, yaye ngenkulungwane xxi zonke iintsimbi kwaziwe zisaqala.

Ngoku zisetyenziswa phantse kuzo zonke iinkalo zobomi. Metals kusetyenziselwa ukwenza nezacholo, oomatshini, iinqanawa, iimoto. Kwezi, yenza izakhelo ukuba izakhiwo, ukuvelisa ifanitshala, namalungu amancinane ezahlukeneyo.

Unikezelo lombane eXcellent wenza metal esifunekayo nokuveliswa oogesi, Bulelani kuye, sisebenzisa umsinga wombane.