I-Roentgen yeentso: ukulungiselela. I-X-ray yeentso ngokuphambene

I-radiography ikuvumela ukuba ufunde isakhiwo kunye neempawu zesakhiwo sezitho zangaphakathi. Urography - X-ray yeentso - ithathwa njengenye yezindlela eziphumelelayo zoviwo lwe-urinary system, ngokubhekiselele kulo ugqirha onokwenza ukuxilongwa kokugqibela kunye nokunika unyango unyango.

Yintoni i-X-ray?

Ukuxiliswa kwe-X-ray yinkqubo apho amagagasi amancinci angama-electromagnetic adlula emzimbeni. "I-Translucent" ikuvumela ukuba ubone nayiphi na into engafanelekiyo - ukuchithwa kunye nokwahlukana kwamathambo, ama-neoplasms ezintanjeni ezithambileyo. Isiphumo siboniswa kwifilimu ekhethekileyo (i-radiography) okanye kwiskrini (i-fluoroscopy).

Ukurhoxiswa kwamanzi kwiingozi ezinkulu kunobungozi emzimbeni kwaye kunokubangela ukuguqulwa kwamanzi, ukuphuhliswa okungahambi kakuhle. Kwizonyango zonyango, kusetyenziswe imisebe engaphantsi kwamandla ekhuselekileyo kwaye ayibangeli iziphumo ezibi. Inqanaba elifunekayo lokufunda i-X libala ngokuxhomekeka kwinxalenye yomzimba (urhulumente) ofunyaniswayo kunye nezixhobo ezisetyenziswayo.

Izahlulo-mifanekiso zezintso: izibonakaliso zokuhlolwa

Ukuze wenze i-roentgen yeentso, kukho ezininzi izibonakaliso, ezibandakanya:

• Ubunzima kwindawo engasemva.
• Ubukho begazi engcolileyo kumchamo.
• Umonakalo ochaphazelekayo kwizitho zohlelo lwe-urinary.
• Renal colic.
• Ukulimala, ukutyumla komva wezantsi.
• Ukuphululwa komsebenzi oqhelekileyo weentso.
• Ukugqithiswa kweziphumo ze-urinalysis.
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu.
• Ukugxeka kwe-urolithiasis.
• Uvavanyo lokulandela emva kokuhlinzwa.

Ukwabela i-roentgen yeengso kunye nomgudu we-urinary ukuya kugqirha (unyango, urologist) kwisigulane ngasinye ngokubhekiselele kwimiqondiso. Le ndlela isetyenziselwa ukucocwa emva kwezinye iindidi zoviwo, umzekelo, i-ultrasound. Iingcali kwiinkcukacha zokuxilongwa kweemitha zichaza uhlobo lophando kunye nenkqubo.

I-X-ray (urography) yeentso: iintlobo zoviwo

Ngokuxhomekeke kwizibonakaliso, isigulane sinikezelwa uhlobo oluthile lwe-radiography yesistim ye-urinary kunye neentso. Eyona nto ilula i-X-ray, ngexesha apho ungavala ubungakanani, ukuma kunye nendawo yeentso. Amatye amakhulu, aqukethe i-calcium, iluhlaza. Olu luvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lwenkqubo yokuvuthwa kweyonyango kwiziko lokuqala lokunonyango.

Inkqubo ye-urrography ene-intravenous i-injection medium medium kwaye igcine umsebenzi ogqithisileyo wezintso. Izilwanyana zomzimba zenziwa ngexesha apho iintsholo ziqala ukuqokelela i-substance, ukuthatha egazini, kwaye ngexesha lokuphuma. Intso ye-Roentgen ngokuchaseneyo ikuvumela ukuba ufumane umfanekiso ocacileyo kwifilimu. Ukuba ufuna ukufaka isixa esikhulu sempahla kunye ne-dropper, esi sifundo sibizwa ngokuba ngu-infusion urography.

I-tomography yekhompyutyhi yindlela ephezulu kakhulu yokuhlolwa, esekelwe kusetyenzisweni lwe-X-ray. Isixhobo esikhethekileyo - isithwebuli-sifunda ulwazi olufunyenweyo kwaye sibonisa umphumo kwisimo semifanekiso emithathu. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ubone isimo semithambo yegazi kunye nezicubu zeengso.

Ulwahlulo oluthile

I-X-ray yeentso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezichaseneyo kukuvumela ukuba ubone utshintsho olusisigxina kwisakhiwo somzimba, izicubu, iziqholo ezinonophele, ama-cysts kunye namatye ahlukeneyo. Le ngenye yeendlela ezichanekileyo zokuchonga i-pathologies ye-urinary tract. I-urrography engabonakaliyo eyenziwa ngokusungulwa kwezinto ezinama-iodine kwi-vein ("Urogramin", "Ultravist", "Omnipak"). Ukuze ufunde imeko yezitho, imifanekiso ithathwa ngexesha elithile - kwi-6, 15 kunye nemizuzu engama-21. Iingcali zihlola ukusebenza kweentso, izinga lokucoca i-plasma yegazi kunye nokukwazi ukuguqula umchamo.

Uhlu lwepeloureographie lubandakanya ukuqaliswa kwamalungiselelo oyinyumba esekelwe kwi-iodine usebenzisa i-catheter yamanzi. Ukumisela i-roentgen yeentso ngokuchaseneyo kuphela kuphela ugqirha emva kokumazi ne-anamnesis yesigulane. Le ndlela inokuphikisana, ngoko isigulane kufuneka iqhube iimvavanyo zelabhoratri phambi kwenkqubo. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba utywala kunye ne-ejenti eyahlukileyo, kufuneka uqale ukulungiselela umzimba.

Yintoni eya kubonisa i-radiography yeentso?

I-Roentgen yeentso isinyathelo sokuqala ekuxilongweni kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zesifo se-urinary system. Inkqubo inceda ukufumanisa ukuphambuka okulandelayo kumgangatho oqhelekileyo:

• Ukungahambi kakuhle kwe-Congenital - ukungabikho kwesifo esisodwa.
• Ukwanda kwenani lezintso kubonwa kwi-hydronephrosis, i-polycystosis, isifo sikashukela.
• Iingqungquthela ezingafaniyo zelungu - bonisa i-polycystosis, i-pyelonephritis.
• Ukungabikho kweengtso.
• Ukunciphisa ubukhulu bezintso - uthetha nge-pyelonephritis engapheliyo, intliziyo enye - ye-hypoplasia yokuzalwa.
• Ukukhutshwa kwezicubu ezithambileyo zelungu.
• Ubukho beentsimbi zamathambo.
• Ukuvuvukala.

Ukuxilonga izifo ezahlukahlukeneyo zesistim se-urinary, indlela echanekileyo kakhulu i-X-ray ngqo. Amatye kwiintso ze-oxalate kunye ne-phosphate uhlobo angabonakala ngokucacileyo kumfanekiso. Unokufumana ubungakanani bawo, ukuma kunye nendawo echanekileyo. Urography ngokuchaseneyo unikeza umfanekiso opheleleyo welizwe lonke le-urinary system. Uhlobo lwee-urine alubonakali kwi-radiography yesiganeko, ngoko ke zifumanisa ukuba zine-ultrasound.

I-X-ray yeentso kubantwana

Iimifanekiso zemiloboyiyo zingasetyenziselwa kwizifo zenzululwazi ukuze ziboniswe ngokucacileyo. Ukuqhuba uphando ngokusebenzisa le ndlela ingaba nawuphi na umdala, nakwiintsana. Ugqirha xa kuqeshwe i-X-ray ichaza ngokubaluleka kohlobo lokuxilonga kunye nemiphumo enokwenzeka xa kunqatshelwe abazali. Enyanisweni, akubona wonke umntu ozimisele ukumbonisa umntwana kwimisebe, kodwa iintshukumo ze- X-ray zonyango zinganciphisa imiphumo emibi yenkqubo.

I-ray-ray yeentso kunye ne-genitourinary system ngokuchaseneyo ayinabantwana kwiveki yokuqala yobomi, kunye neendlela eziphuhlisayo zokuphuhliswa kunye nokuphazamiseka kwintsebenzo yeentso.

Inqubo isebenza njani?

Ngaphambi kokumisela i-radiograph, ugqirha kufuneka abe nesiqinisekiso sokuthi isigulane asinakho ukuchasana nokuziphatha kwayo. Isigulana sivuma ukuhlola nokulawula umgangatho ochaseneyo (ukuba kuyimfuneko).

Abantu abaninzi bayayazi olu hlobo lokuxilonga, kodwa akubona wonke umntu owaziyo indlela i-X-ray yeentso ezenziwe ngayo. Okokuqala, phambi kwenkqubo, kufuneka ususe zonke izinto zetsimbi, imihlobiso. Isigulana sinokunikezelwa ukusela isilwanyana okanye ukuthabatha i-anesthetic injection.

Okokuqala, urography uhlaziyo lwenziwe, ngexesha apho yonke inkqubo ye-urinary ihlolwa. Ukuba akukho zifo ezinzulu ezichongiweyo, umongikazi wenza intshayelelo yokulinganisa. Oku kuyimfuneko ukuze ukhangele ukuphendulwa komzimba komzimba. Ngokungabikho kwesigulane esinjalo, ukuxhatshazwa okuphakathi kwe-injection. Ukuba umzekelo we-X-ray wezintso uba ngumntwana, ngoko phambi kwenkqubo, isicatshulwa kufuneka sibalwe umthamo wezinto ezinomlinganiselo kunye nobukhulu.

Kwimizuzu engama-5-7, umfanekiso wokuqala uthathwa, apho uhluke khona kwinkqubo yekomiti-ne-pelvis. Emfanekisweni wesibini (iminithi ye-15-17 ngomzuzu), into leyo idlula i-ureter. Xa ukuhluka kungena kwi-bladder, i-X-ray yokugqibela ithathwa (20-23 ngomzuzu). Ngethuba lexesha umguli angakwazi ukuhlala kwindawo yesibini kunye nesigxina.

Inkcazo yeziphumo

I-X-ray yezintso kunye nenkunkuma eyahlukileyo ikuvumela ukuba ufumane umfanekiso ocacileyo wephepha lomchamo, kunye neenxalenye zeeplasvis ezincinci. Iifoto ezithathwe kwigumbi le-X-ray kufuneka zibhekiswe kumgqirha, oya kufuneka aguqule ngokuchanekileyo aze enze ukuxilongwa kokugqibela.

Ifom, indawo yangaphakathi, kunye neengqungquthela zezitho zithathwa ingqalelo. Ukuzimela ngokuzimeleyo ukucacisa iziphumo zokuvavanya, kungenalo ukwakha okuhambelanayo, kunzima ngokwaneleyo.

Indlela yokulungiselela i-X-ray yeentso

Ukuze ufumane imifanekiso esemgangathweni, kuyimfuneko ukulungiselela ngokufanelekileyo i-radial radiography. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kwenkqubo, isigulane kufuneka ihambelane nesondlo sokutya, ejoliswe ekunciphiseni ukuhlutha. Ukucoca amathambo, kulungile ukwenza i-enema okanye ukuthatha i- laxatives. Abantwana nabo bafuna ukulungiselela ii-X-ray zezintso. Ngaphambi kwenkqubo, iintsana zinikwa "i-Espumizan".

Ngaphambi kokuba wenze i-X-ray yeentso, kuyimfuneko ukupasa iimvavanyo eziya kukunceda ukuphelisa ukungaphumeleli kwezintso. Ukuba amayeza athatyathwa, ugqirha kufuneka alumkise ngale nto. Ungadli iiyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi kwenkqubo. Iintsana zivunyelwe ukusela. Amacandelo omzimba angahlolwayo akhuselwe kwiskrini esikhethekileyo, i-apron iphambili.

Ngethuba lokusebenza komshini we-X-ray, kufuneka ugcine uxolo lwengqondo kwaye ungahambi. Umntwana omncinci unokufumana omnye wabazali. Ukuba isiphumo siphumelele, imifanekiso enobungakanani, inkqubo iya kufuneka iphindwephindwe, kwaye lo ngumthwalo owongezelelweyo wemitha kunye noxinzelelo kumntwana.

Ukuchasana kwe-radial radial

Inqubo ye-X-ray ayinqatshelwe kwiimeko ezilandelayo:

• Ixesha lokuncelisa.
• Ukungasebenzi.
• Isimo esibalulekileyo sesigulane (isidingo sokhathalelo olunzulu, ukuthuthumela).
• Ukuphendulwa kwamanzi kunye nokunyamezela kwamacandelo e-ejenti echaseneyo.
• Isifo sikashukela kunye nokukhulelwa (ii-ray-ray zenziwa kuphela kwizibonakaliso eziqinileyo, ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-diagnostic kunokudlula ingozi eyenziwe).

Ukuba awuthathi i-X-ray ngokubhekiselele kwimiqondiso, ugqirha ukhetha iindlela ezizezinye zokuxilonga. Ingaba i-imagination magontic resonance (MRI) okanye i-ultrasound.

Iziphumo ezichaphazelekayo ze-X-ray ngokuchaseneyo

Ngokuqhelekileyo kukho isenzo esichaphazelekayo kwisimo sokuphambana nesilwanyana: ukuvuvukala, ubomvu, ukutshiza. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, isigulane sinolawulo lwe- antihistamines.

Endaweni yokugqitywa kwesisu, ukuxhaswa kunye nokuvuvukala kunokuvela. Izigulane zikhalaza ngomkhuhlane kunye ne-malaise jikelele. Ngeempawu ezinjalo, kuyadingeka unyango olungxamisekileyo.

Ukuze ugweme iziphumo ezingathandekiyo phambi kwe-x-ray, isigulane kufuneka sidlule zonke iimvavanyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho zichaso.