I-mononucleosis

I-mononucleosis echaphazelekayo (i-monocytic angina, i-Filatova-Pfeiffer isifo) sisifo esibi (esibangelwa yi-Epstein-Barr virus), esichazwa yi-angina, utshintsho kwiiseli ze-lymphoid kunye ne-hemopoiesis, utshintsho kwi-formula yegazi kunye nokubonakala kwe-lymphadenitis. I-NF Filatov ichaze lesi sifo okokuqala. Kwaye uPfeiffer, ngokuhlonipha oko, isifo sifumane igama layo.

I-Etiology yesifo

Esi sifo siphumela ngenxa yesenzo se- pathological virus ye-Epstein-Barr. Intsholongwane yabhalwa ngo-1964 ngabaNgcali beNgesi. Le ntsholongwane ivela kwiindidi ze-herpesvirus. I-arhente yecala, engena emzimbeni, ingena kwi-lymphocytes, kukho ukutshintshwa kwe-cells.

Intsholongwane idluliselwa kumntu ogulayo okanye isithinteli sengcinezelo kwisimo esicacileyo sesifo kwaye ikhutshwe inyanga eziliqela emva kokusuleleka. Esi sifo sidluliselwa ngumoya, kunokwenzeka ukuba intsholongwane ingakwazi ukudibanisa, ngendlela echanekileyo nangaphantsi kwezonyango. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kukho uhlobo oluthile nolunomoya lwesifo. Kwiintsana kunye nabantwana abancinci, isifo asiqapheliswanga, ngenxa yokuzikhusela komzimba. Iintsholongwane ze-mononucleosis ezithathelwanayo zidla ngokutsha.

I- mononucleosis echaphazelekayo kubantu abadala ayinqabile, ekubeni ineminyaka engama-35 ukuya ku-40, iintsholongwane ezithile zegciwane le-Epstein-Barr ziyafumaneka kwigazi. Isikhathi sesifo asiqapheliswanga, kubhalwe kulo nyaka.
Ukugqithisa indlela yokuphefumula, intsholongwane ingene kwi-membrane ye-nasopharynx, eyenza ukwanda kwenzuliso kwi-lymph nodes kunye ne-edema ye-mucus. Ukungena kwi-lymphocytes, intsholongwane isasazeka kuwo wonke umzimba, kubangela utshintsho kwinkqubo ye-lymphoid kunye nokubonakala kweeseli zonyana kwigazi.

I-mononucleosis echaphazelekayo kunye nokubonakaliswa kwayo

Ukususela kwintsholongwane engena emzimbeni ngaphambi kokuqala kwesi sifo kwenzeka kwiveki ukuya kwinyanga kunye nesiqingatha. Imbonakalo yokuqala ingaba yinkqubo yokuhamba. Imbonakalo yezonyango ingahluka. Ingqungquthela ye-mononucleosis i-angina, i-hyperemia ephawulwe emqaleni, inxinxanxwa yamanzi, i-rhinitis, i-reaction of lymph nodes, intlungu xa iginya, i-malaise jikelele kunye nemiphumo yokuxila. Kwezinye iimeko, kukho ukunyuka kwesibindi kunye nesantya.

Ukuhlalutya kwegazi, i-leukocytosis ephakamileyo (ukuya kwi-20x10 / 9 / L), utshintsho kwi-formula yegazi kunye nokwanda kwe-lymphocytes, i-eosinophil kunye ne-neutrophils bubunjani.

Diagnostics

I-infonous mononucleosis ifunyaniswa kwisiseko seempawu zesifo kunye nokuzimisela kwigazi lezinto eziqhelekileyo zesifo-i-mononuclear cells. La maseli athile ane-nucleus enkulu ye-lymphocyte kunye ne-cytoplasm enkulu.

Ngexesha, i-mononucleosis echaphazelekayo ihlala kwiiveki ezimbalwa, umfanekiso wegazi ubuya kwizinto eziqhelekileyo kwiinyanga ezimbalwa. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, kunokuhlaziywa ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ngeendlela ezilula, ngexesha elidlulileyo leminyaka. Iingxaki ze-mononucleosis zinokuphuka kwepen ekhulisiwe, i- hepatitis, i-hemolysis.

Unyango

I-mononucleosis echaphazelekayo: unyango lwesi sifo ngohlobo oluthathaka, ngokuqhelekileyo alufunanga ukutyunjwa kweyeza ezizodwa. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa imeko yesigulane isoloko iqheleke, imifanekiso yegazi ibuyela ngokuqhelekileyo. Unyango lwe-Symptomatic luyakwenzeka ngokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu, i-angina enobuhlungu kunye nomqala. Ngokuhamba kwexesha elide, unyango lwe-hormone lubekwe (prednisolone okanye ezinye iifaneli).
Isiguliso sesifo ngokuqhelekileyo siyakuthandeka. Gxotha isigulane akuyimfuneko, ngenxa yokungathandabuzeki okuphantsi kwesi sifo. Ukuba isifo sinzima, kunye nezitho zangaphakathi zichaphazelekayo, ukungeniswa esibhedlele kuboniswe.