Ilitye leNdalo kwiLizwe: NgeeDepositi eziLwazi kunye neNdlela zoKucoca

Ilitye lezendalo liyinye yesakhiwo sokuqala kunye nezixhobo zokugqiba umntu aqala ukuyisebenzisa ukulungiselela indawo ejikelezileyo. Nangona iimbali zangekhulu leminyaka, ilitye lendalo alilahlekelwa lifanelekileyo yalo: ukuthandwa kwalo akuxhomekeke kwixesha, ilizwe, iifashthi. Namhlanje, xa izinto zokwenza izinto zizama ukutshintsha yonke into ejikeleze, ukuthanda imveliso yemvelo kunamandla kunanini ngaphambili.

Ilitye elilungeleyo - umphumo weenkulungwane zemisebenzi yoluntu. Umzekelo wamatye owenziwa ngokwemvelo uhlukile. Kulo lonke iplanethi, awukwazi ukufumana iziqwenga ezimbini ezifanayo zegranite eqinile, i-marble eqinile, i-onyx ephezulu. Ukusuka kwimpahla yangaphakathi eyenziwe ngamatye engokwemvelo, nokuba imifanekiso yesarbhile okanye isibane se-onyx, izindebe ngokuthembeka okhethekileyo, ukuzithemba, uxolo, kwaye ngoko ke bathandwa kakhulu.

Malunga neentlawulo zelitye lemvelo

Namhlanje umkhokeli ongenakuphikiswa kwintsimi yemveliso yamatye yendalo italia. Izityebi ezizizityebi kweli lizwe zafunyaniswa ezininzi kwiinkulungwane ezidlulileyo, ngokufanelekileyo, izithethe zamatye okusebenza apha zihloniphekile. Ubukhulu beetempileni zoBukumkani baseRoma, ezenziwe ngamatye enyama, zazingasindanga esinye isizukulwana sabantu, sahlala kwiinkulungwane.

Iimfihlelo zobuchule bokuqhutyelwa ngamatye e-Itali zadlulelwa kwi-grandfather kuya kubaba, ukusuka kubaba kuya kwindodana. Akunangqiqo ukuba enye yeengcamango zaseNtaliyane ezidumileyo zithi: "Yonke into yaseNtaliyane ivakalelwa ilitye."

Akusiyo nto le nto ithathwa njengolu hlobo lwe "brand brand": kuphela into yokuba i-granite, i-travertine okanye i-onyx iqhutyelwa e-Italy, inika amatye ukukhanga okukhethekileyo, ibangela ukuzithemba okungenanto. Kwaye esinye sezizathu ezenza ukuba ngaphezu kwehafu yesitye sendalo esicatshulwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi kuletwa e-Itali ukulungiselela.

Ngamanani amaninzi, i-granite, i-marble, iguquguqula, i-onyx ifika, kunye neengcweti zisebenza ngokugqithiseleyo kwimimitha nganye yezinto eziphathekayo, ukudala imisebenzi yangempela yobugcisa. Abathengi, abanelisekile ngenxa yoko, bayaqhayisa ngokutsho ukuba ilitye lenziwa eItali.

Namhlanje, iteknoloji yeTaliyane kunye nezixhobo ziye zasasazeka kwihlabathi jikelele: zisetyenziswe ePakistan, eBrazil, eChina naseIndiya.

Ewe, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamatye zifumaneka kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi. Ngokomzekelo, i-granite - impahla ebonakalayo yomeleleyo, esetyenziswa ngokukodwa ngabaqulunqi behlabathi jikelele-igxothwa eBulgaria, ePortugal, eBrazil, eSpain. Ukudibanisa le ngcaciso emangalisayo ingaba kwiNyakatho, eMzantsi Melika, e-Australia.

EMongolia, eIndiya, eUruguay, unokufumana i-onyx ehloniphekileyo eneempawu zokuqala eziyinqaba. Ngokukodwa uhlobo olunikelayo olunikezwa i-onyx iMasas Gerais, urhulumente waseBrazil.

I-Travertine - ilitye lemvelo lembala efudumele kunye nesakhiwo esinesibindi-singatholakala kwiPamukkale, iphondo laseTurkey, kunye neStuttart, isixeko saseJamani.

Ngokuphathelele i-marble idibeneyo, isasazeka phantse kuwo wonke umhlaba: U-Uzbekistan, iGeorgia, iGrisi, iItali, i-USA, i-Cuba ne-Russia. Ngendlela, i-marble yaseRussia eyaziwayo emhlabeni wonke ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezinemibala ecebileyo, ephezulu.

Ngeli themba leemayini zeemarbo eRashiya

Umzekelo obalaseleyo wozinzo lwezithethe zokwakha kwi-marble yemvelo eRashiya yiNdlu yaseMarble, e-St Petersburg, - isiganeko esiyingqayizivele sezakhiwo kunye neembali.

Ixabiso elikhethekileyo yi-Ural marrally-granular marble yendlovu enobucayi, echithwe kwi-Koelga. Iimarbo ezizukisekileyo zeekrik-Kordonsky kunye nePersinsky zikwaxabiswa kwihlabathi lonke. Idolophu yase-Irkutsk idume ngokubomvu nebomvu i-marble.

Nangona i-marble resources eRussia inotyebi kakhulu kwaye ininzi, kude kube kutshanje, i-marble ezweni lethu lichithwe ngobuncinane. Isizathu esona sizathu sokusetyenziswa koqoqosho lwezinto zamatye kwilizwe lethu lixabiso eliphezulu kakhulu lokumbiwa kwelitye. Ngokomzekelo, kunzima ukufikelela kwiitropu ezityebileyo zeemarbo kwi- Peninsula yaseKola nase-Southern Yakutia-ayithengi ukuthenga i-marble yaseNtaliyane.

Nangona kunjalo, ubuchwepheshe bexesha lanamhlanje bavumela ukubonelela ngeemeko ezifanelekileyo zokukhutshwa kweemarbo, kwaye namhlanje i-marble yasekhaya isetyenziswe kwinqanaba lezendalo ezivela kwamanye amazwe.

IGranite - ilitye elakhazimulisa ilizwe

I-Granite, echitshiweyo eRashiya, ingayiqhayisa nje umbala omnyama, uphawu lweemabula.

Ngoko, umzekelo, kwiNyakatho-ntshona ye-Russia ungayifumana i-ragi-rapakivi eyahlukileyo, eyahlukileyo kumthunzi omnyama obomvu. Kwii-Urals ne-Transbaikalia, ifumene i-amazonite granite, enombala wayo, i-blue-green and green, ifana ne-emerald. KwiNgingqi yaseLeningrad, kwiRiphablikhi yaseKarelia, i-granite ebomvu kunye nebomvu igalelwe i-Kola Peninsula. Ilitye elipinki nelisitye, elingafumaneka kwigumbi laseSkkshinsky, liye laphumelela udumo lwehlabathi, ngenxa yokuba yenziwe ngokukhawuleza imifanekiso emithathu yehlabathi: yinkqubo yeNapoleon Bonaparte (eFransi, eParis), isikhumbuzo sikaNicholas I (iRashiya, iSt. Petersburg), ingcwaba Isold Unknown (Russia, Moscow).

Ngokuphathelele izinto ezibhekiselele kwizinto ezibhekiselele kuzo - i-travertine kunye ne-onyx

Kwakukho ehlabathini lethu ukuba kutholakale ilitye elimangalisayo, ukuhlukezela kuphela kwiimpawu zalo zokusebenza ezintle (amandla, ukunqandwa kwamaqabunga), kodwa kunye nobuhle bayo obukhethekileyo, i-onyx ye-marble. Iintlobo zeetoni ezithambileyo ziyamangalisa: kubonakala ukuba uluntu lusetyenziswa kuphela ipellette ye-pastel, ukudweba eli litye. Umbala we-onyx umbala ngokubanzi: ukusuka kwi-milky ukuya kwigolide, ukusuka eluhlaza obuncithakalo ukuya kwibala elibomvu, ukusuka kwipinki elikhanyayo ukuya kwi-amber.

E-Rashiya, iifowuni zeli litye elimangalisayo alikho kakhulu: i-onyx inokufumaneka kwi-Primorye, Kolyma, iChukotka.

Ngokubhekiselele kwi-travertine, ilitye elijongene neliso kunye nesakhiwo sokwakha, luhlobo lwesimboli seCaucasus. I-travertine eyenziwa ePyatigorsk iphandwayo. Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, eli litye lalinxibe ngezakhiwo zedolophu nezindlu. Unokufumana i-travertine eKamchatka, kwisithili saseGatchina seNgingqi yaseLeningrad.

Ilitye lezemvelo lithathwe njani?

Namhlanje kukho iindlela ezintathu zokutsala ilitye lezendalo:

Indlela yokutshabalalisa. Kwinqanaba lelitye, umgodi udibene, apho izibhamu zifakwa khona. Ngexesha lokuqhuma, iinqhekeza zamatye zaphulwa. I-drawback yangundoqo yale ndlela yiphesenti enkulu yomonakalo wezinto eziphathekayo: inkunkuma isoloko ifinyelela kwisithathu sesisindo esenziwe. Izinzuzo zendlela ziquka iindleko eziphantsi kakhulu;

Indlela yokunyuka komoya. Kwinqanaba lelitye, umgodi udibene, endaweni yokuxhaphaza, "umlambo" omkhulu ufakwe apho, oza kuqhutyelwa ngomoya. Ngaloo ndlela, kuqhutyelwa ukuqhuma, kodwa ukunyanzelisa, ngenxa yokuba inxalenye enkulu yezinto eziphathekayo ihlala ihambile, akukho zixhobo ezincinane kwilitye. Nangona kunjalo, nanko kukho ukungaphumeleli: akunakwenzeka ukuqikelela ngokuchanekileyo ukuba zeziphi iindawo eziya kuthintela ukuqhuma kwaye apho kuyo kube khona ukuphulwa;

- Indlela ye-Stonecutter. I-cutter-cutter iyisistim esikhethekileyo se-tech-tech, apho namhlanje ukukhishwa kwamatye kunokwenziwa ngokubanzi. Umqwengqo wamatye ukhulula isakhiwo sezinto eziphathekayo, kukuvumela ukuba uqikelele ngokuchanekileyo umphumo wezenzo zabantu. Kwaye ngokubaluleke kakhulu, ngoncedo lwe-cutter yelitye isisiseko semvelo sisetyenziswa ngaphandle kwenkunkuma kwaye ngokufanelekileyo nangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ngokubhekiselele kwimpazamo, umva nje kuphela wale ndlela yindleko ephezulu. Ukwenza nokusebenzisa abaqambi bamatye akusilo ukuthoba okuncinci.

Izinto zexesha elizayo

Kuza kube yimini, indawo yokukhutshwa kwelitye zendalo, ukusetyenziswa kwayo kukhula ngokukhawuleza. Ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo inikwe into yokuba izibonelelo zelitye lemvelo emhlabeni. Namhlanje iindlela zokutsalwa kwe-granite, i-onyx, i-onyx, i-marble ihamba ngokugqithisa ngakumbi, ukuguqulwa kobuchwephesha obusebenzayo buya kuphunyezwa, iindleko zezinto zokusebenza ezimbiweyo zezombiwa zinciphisa, okwenza kube lula ukuphuhlisa le shishini. Kungenxa yoko izinto eziphathekayo ezifana nelitye lemvelo, ikamva.