Ukuchithwa kolawulo lokuhamba: iintlobo eziphambili kunye neentlobo ze-ataxia

I-Ataxia kukuphulaphula ukuhambelana nokuhamba, enye yezona zinto zixhaphake kakhulu. I-neuromuscular, izifo ezithintekayo ngokuphathelele izifo. Amandla emilenzeni ayagcinwa ngokupheleleyo, nangona ukunyakaza kwesi sifo kungalunganga, kungabonakali, ukuhambelana nokuqhubeka kwawo, ukulinganisela ngexesha lokuhamba nokuma kuphulwa.

Kukho ukuphulwa komsebenzi wokuhamba: i-static (ukwephulwa komlinganiso kuphela xa ikhona) kunye nokuchithwa (ukufumanisa naluphi na ukunyakaza).

Ukuchithwa kolawulo lokunyuka kwezokwelapha kulwahlulo:

1. I-ataxia evelayo okanye elandelayo. Ivela xa kwenzeka isihlunu:

- neeripheralal nerves;

- ithalamus;

- imisipha yomgudu;

- iikholomu zangemva zentambo yomgogodla.

I-ataxia enomdla ngokuqhelekileyo yinto yokuphulaphula ukuhambelana nokunyakaza. Iimpawu zolu hlobo lwe-ataxia ukungabikho kwenkxaso. Izigulane azive zinyuka kwaye azive zinyanzele. Oku kubangelwa ukuphulwa kobuzwe obuthakathaka bemisipha.

2. I-cerebellar ataxia. Iyenzeka malunga nokutshatyalaliswa kweenkqubo ezithile ze-cerebellar. Uhlobo lwe-cerebellar yokunyakaza ingxaki yokudibanisa lukwahlula ezimbini:

- I-ataxia ye-Dynamic - umonakalo kwi-hemispheres ye-cerebellum (umsebenzi wokwenza ukunyakaza okungafaniyo kwamalungu angaphezulu nakwezantsi kuphazamiseka). Ingxaki yokulungelelanisa i-Dynamic ibonakaliswe yi-hypermetry (ukungahambisani, ukunyakaza okugqithisileyo); Ukuqhaqhazela, ukugubha ngamabomu (ukuthuthumela kweengalo ekupheleni kwentshukumo enenjongo); Ukuphazamiseka kwentetho (ukuchithwa kwemoto yentetho).

I-static-locomotor ataxia - isilonda esisisiseko ngqo kwiimbumba ze-cerebellum (ukuphazamiseka nokuzinza kuphazamiseka kakhulu). Izigulana zihamba, ziphazamisa, kunye nenyathelo ngalinye leenyawo zibeka ngokubanzi. Kwiimeko ezinzima, ezinye izigulana ziwela phambili kwindawo yokuma (kunye nesilonda sesahlulo sangaphambili se-cerebellum), okanye ngasemva (kunye nomonakalo kwinqanaba elingaphambili le-cerebellum), ngokuqhelekileyo ungagcini intloko.

I-cerebellar ataxia idla ngokugqithiseleyo, i-multiple sclerosis, i-encephalitis, isifo se-cerebellar sesimo se-vascular, kunye ne-tumors.

Uhlobo lwe-vettibular ye-ataxia. Kubangelwa ukuphazamiseka kumsebenzi weeventibular zixhobo kwaye zibonakalisa ngendlela yokufumanisa ukuhamba. Ifana nesimo sezulu, ukuhamba nokuhlanjululwa. Xa utshintshe isikhundla somzimba, kunye nokunyuka kwentloko ebukhali, uphawu oluphawulekayo lukhula kuphela.

Uhlobo lwe-actic acid. Ukuchithwa kolawulo lokuhamba kwimeko apha ngenxa yeengxaki kwimisebenzi ye-cortex yeengxenye zangaphambili ze-lobe yangaphambili. Ukusuka kula masebe kudlulisa iindlela zokuqhuba ngokuthe ngqo kwiiseli ze-cerebellar cortex, kwaye ngenxa yokutshatyalaliswa kwawo, ukuphazamiseka kwintlungu kwenzeka. Izigulane zinomdla onzima, ongaqinisekanga. Ngethuba lokuhamba umzimba womzimba uphambuke emva, iinyawo zifakwa kumgca owodwa othe ngqo, ngamanye amaxesha ziphawulwe xa zihamba "zikhwela" imilenze. Ngokunqotshwa kwala masebe, kunokwenzeka ukuba ube ne-astasia (ukungakwazi ukuma) kunye nokuphulukana (akunakwenzeka ukuhamba), konke oku kukwazi ukwenza ukunyakaza.

Isabonakalisa i-ataxia, ebangelwa zizifo ezifa. Ukuchithwa kolawulo lokuhamba kuyona nto ibonakalisiweyo kwikliniki ezifana nezi: i- Friedreich's family ataxia, i -cerebellar-inhererelar hexia Pierre Marie, i-Louis-Bar syndrome kunye ne-olivopontocerebellar degeneration.

I-Ataxia unyango luhlala lusekelwe kuphela kwonyango lokuqala, isifo esisisiseko. Namhlanje, i-gymnastics and massage isasazeka kakhulu.