I-gas chromatography. Iimpawu zendlela

I-gas chromatography yindlela yokwenza uhlalutyo oluye lwafumana uphuhliso oluhle kakhulu. Ngokuchanekileyo ukucwangciswa ngokucophelela kweziseko zakhe zobugcisa nezisiseko eziye zafaka isandla ekuphuhliseni okukhawulezayo kwendlela kule mihla yamuva.

Kuyaziwa ukuba i-gas chromatography ihluke kwezinye iindlela ezifanayo ngokuba isebenzisa igesi njengesigaba esiphezulu. Isigaba esisigxina singaba sisisitye okanye sisisulu. Kuxhomekeke kule nto, omnye uthetha nge-gas-adsorption okanye i-gas-liquid liquid chromatography.

Ukwahlukana kwemixube yezinto kwiinkcukacha ezifana ne-chromatograph yegesi ngenxa yokuphindaphinda ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwamacandelo phakathi kwendawo yamanzi esisigxina okanye isigaba esomeleleyo kunye nesigaba segesi eshukumisayo. Inkqubo yokwahlula isekelwe kwimimandla yokungabi nantoni kunye nokunyaniseka kwezinto eziza kuhlaziywa. Iqumrhu, elincinci likhulu kwiqondo lokushisa elinikeziweyo, kwaye isisombululo sesigaba esisigxina sincinci, siya kudlula kwikholam ngokukhawuleza.

Ukusetyenziswa kwegesi njengomphathiswa ohambahambayo kwenza kube lula ukufumana izibonelelo ezifana nokucaciswa kokuhlukana kwezinto ezizimeleyo kunye nejubane lohlalutyo. Isampula yokuvavanya ifakwe kwikholam kwifom ye-gaseous okanye ifom. Ngo kunceda ngale ndlela, kunokwenzeka ukuhlalutya nje kuphela iigesi, kodwa kunye nezixhobo ezimanzi kunye neziqinileyo, eziguqulwa zibe yimfuneko ebushushu. Kule nxu lumene ne-gas chromatography, ukushisa apho yonke inkqubo eyenzekayo idlala indima ebalulekileyo. Imilinganiselo yokusebenza kweerameter ye-gasor-adsorption indlela yokuhlalutya isuka kwi-70 ukuya ku-600 ° C, kunye nohlalutyo lwamanzi-ukusuka ku-20 ukuya ku-400 ° C. Icandelo livelisa i-chromatograph yegesi, evumela ukuba uqalise ukucwangcisa ukushisa.

Le ndlela yenza kube lula ukuhlalutya izinto ezinesisindo se- molecular esingaphantsi kwama-400. Azinakuchoxiswa kwi-evaporation, kodwa ayitshintshi ukubunjwa ngexesha lokunciphisa.

Ngokwenene, ekusebenzeni ukuhlalutya, i-chromatograph ye-gas-liquid is used. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-gasor adsorption, ineentlobo ezithile, ezinxulumene ngokubanzi kunye nobuninzi beendlela ezinokuthi zenziwe ngamanzi, kunye nokuhlanzeka okuphezulu kwaye, kubalulekile ngokwaneleyo, kunye nokulingana kotywala.

I-gas chromatography yindlela ecacileyo, ebonakaliswe ngokuchaneka okuphezulu, uvelwano kunye nokwenzeka kokuzenzekelayo. Ukungafani kunye nokuguquguquka kwelo ndlela kuqikelela ukuba ifowuni isetyenziswe kule nto okanye kwimeko. I-gas chromatography, esetyenziselwa uhlalutyo oluninzi, inikeza iziphumo ezingabonakaliyo ezingaqinisekanga.

Le ndlela ivumela ukuxazulula iingxaki ezininzi zokuhlalutya, ukuhlula kunye nokuqulunqwa komlinganiselo weemveliso kunye nomlinganiselo omncinci kumxinzelelo womoya. Indlela yegesi ye-chromatography isetyenziselwa ukucoca amalungiselelo amakhemikhali, ukuxuba imixube ibe yinto ehlukeneyo. Kusebenza ngokukodwa ekuhlukanisweni kwezinto ezifana nokubunjwa, eziseklasini enye: i-acid acids, i-alcohols, i-hydrocarbons.