I-Battle of eMoscow: isishwankathelo msebenzi. Heroes Battle for eMoscow

Yayingeyiyo Battle of eMoscow, isishwankathelo ebandakanya ugqaliselo okuye kwe Enkulu Patriotic War yaba yinguquko yonke ungquzulwano exhobileyo. Ngaphambi koko, izahlulo waseJamani, ngokwesicwangciso blitzkrieg, wakhawuleza waya ngasempumalanga, phantse bese. Xa Amadlelo eyinkunzi yomkhosi Reich yiSoviet wamiswa.

Isicwangciso se uMlawuli

Kwanangaphambi uhlaselo yiSoviet Union, uHitler kwintlanganiso ofihlakeleyo wagxininisa ukuba ukuthatha eMoscow kuye lo msebenzi ubalulekileyo weli phulo. Ukuwa ikomkhulu kuya kuba phantsi ukuchana lorhulumente wenkqubo yobuSoshali. I-uMlawuli wayenethemba Idabi eMoscow ukuba nkqu iya kuqhutywa kwiinyanga ezintathu. Umxholo emfutshane ngesicwangciso "Barbarossa" yakhe ingxelo neentloko zonke imikhosi phezu olwandulela ewela umda.

AmaJamani ukubeka unyawo kula kumhlaba eSoviet nge 22 June. capture Quick of eMoscow wayengekabi eziyimfuneko ukuze uphephe imfazwe engqeleni komsindo eRussia. Njengoko waziwa, ngenkulungwane XIX, umkhosi uNapoleon kaThixo bahlupheka kakhulu ngenxa yokungabikho uqeqesho imozulu amazwe. amajoni French, bujikelwe idyasi obhityileyo, ngqele wafa endleleni.

Hitler wayengafuni ukuphinda isiphelo ka Bonaparte uwenjenje ukuwulungisa ngokucokisekileyo uhlaselo. Ngowe-1941 yena banawo lonke yezwekazi Yurophu ngaphandle amazwe ebacacisele cala layo. Ngoko ke, uMlawuli silatyuzwa ngasempuma yonke impi yakhe, enethemba hambo ngempumelelo. Isima kwemfazwe eMoscow. Isishwankathelo Executive lo msebenzi wayengumzekelo ezaziwa ukusilela epheleleyo sisicwangciso imfazwe ekhubekisayo.

Buthiye lohlaselo German

Nangona yokuhlaselwa, i Army waseJamani sele ilaliswe ESmolensk, apho abalahlekileyo iinyanga ezimbini ezingqonge amaqela Soviet. Kule ndawo Leningrad naseKiev, kakhulu, kukho unganyangeki eyomeleleyo. Ngenxa yoku, abasebenzi kwafuneka ukuba olule unxibelelwano lwabo, belahla umkhosi ukusuka phambi omnye komnye.

Ekugqibeleni, ngoSeptemba 30 baqalisa lohlaselo acwangcisiweyo waseJamani kwi eMoscow. Yaba ukusebenza babesondelelene a wemikhosi eziliqela, bexhobile ngeteknoloji entsha elo xesha. Ngokutsho izibalo ze-Wehrmacht, amaqela eSoviet awayegade elikomkhulu, kwafuneka ukuba ekuhambeni boilers kwaye kwaphulwa kummandla Vyazma kunye Bryansk. Emva koko eMoscow wayeza kushiywa ukuzikhusela, kwaye nayo ungenza nantoni na oyifunayo.

imikhosi zamaqela

Ngu ekuqaleni eseleyo imikhosi ndlela ilandelayo bamelene. Endleleni yomkhosi German (phantse 2 million) nabaphumi Soviet ukubala abantu malunga 1.2 million. Ukuziphendulela ekhokelwa iinjengele becala abaselula basinda ingcinezelo kaStalin kule iminyaka nangoloyikiso olukhulu. Yaba Boris Shaposhnikov, Ivan Konev, Georgy zhukov, Andrei Yeremenko noYakobi Cherevichenko. Ingakumbi inani hero of Civil War Semena Budennogo.

Kakade ke, lo gama lokugqibela kwizigqibo abasebenzi lalinjalo Iosifom Stalinym, ababesele eMoscow, nangona ngenxa yengozi karhulumente kunye nezoqoqosho kumaziko kwikomkhulu.

Ukuqala edabini

Idabi onegazi eMoscow, isishwankathelo yayo nayiphi na incwadi ngembali kwenkulungwane XX, umyalelo waseJamani wabizwa ukusebenza "Typhoon". Le ndlela imfutshane ugxininise izicwangciso nenxa Reich - ngesibetho ekhawulezileyo kabuhlungu ukuba atshayele kumgca wokugqibela sokuzithethelela, eyayimi kwindlela eya elikomkhulu USSR.

Uhlaselo lokuqala (Septemba 30), kwakukho Bryansk Front. kwiintsuku ezimbini emva koko, iqela ekhubekisayo wajoyina Wehrmacht kwindawo Roslavl. Lo msebenzi waba yimpumelelo. imikhosi abaliqela Soviet (we-19, we-20 we-24 kunye th 32) uhlaselwa ngaphambili nangesemva.

Ubomi kwi komkhulu

Ngelo xesha eMoscow waqalisa omnye iliza badibane. EziQhelekileyo ukwamkelwa izixhobo esandleni, kwangoko baya ngaphambili, apho kuba becala labhubha grinder inyama Wehrmacht. Uninzi Amaqhawe Battle of eMoscow baye bahlala engaziwa. Amaxesha amaninzi eziqhelekileyo yanyamalala, azafunyanelwa ndawo, kwaye imizimba yazo sasingahlali nkqu loxolo. Huge amangcwaba ubunzima, apho ungxamile, wangcwatyelwa kwanto, baye eziqhelekileyo. Amaninzi amangcwaba Soldier ongaziwayo kunye amadangatye obungunaphakade emva kokuba elimiswe imbeko amaxhoba kwemfazwe enogonyamelo.

Iinkampani yokusebenza akukho ngakumbi eMoscow. Bonke bephela babalekiswa ukuya ngasempuma - kummandla iVolga kunye Urals. ubunkokheli Party wazama ukumisela unikezelo ezinzileyo zonke eziyimfuneko ukuze amajoni ngaphambili. Kweli lizwe kwakungekho mntu owayeza kuphila ngokonwaba. Nkqu abantu ngasemva babesebenza iishifti kwimpumelelo ye-Red Army.

Kuluhlu Novemba 7

Lo mzuzu kakhulu ebaluleke kakhulu ukuziphendulela kwi khalenda kwenzeka ngemihla lonke ilizwe ngokwemveli yabhiyozela isikhumbuzo zemishini ka-Oktobha Revolution. I-Battle of eMoscow ngo-1941 yaba episode efanayo akubulali, njengoko iziganeko Petrograd, amashumi amabini anesine konyaka ubudala. Stalin iqondiwe loo nto, ngoko pre-yayalela ikomkhulu ukulungiselela ekubhiyozeleni isikhumbuzo.

Ngobusuku Novemba 7 Moscow ikampu bempi bayalelwa ukuba akhokele umkhosi wakhe ukuya oluBomvu Square. lwabalindele eziqhelekileyo kuvezwa kobuso grand. Battle of eMoscow 1941 kusondela kuwo onke amadoda omeleleyo, ngoko Nyathela nje abantwana abaselula wamatye incwadi yesicelo kaThixo nangoko waya ngaphambili. Ngelo xesha, wabaleka ezimbalwa kwiikhilomitha kweshumi ukusuka kwikomkhulu.

Ekubulaleni amaJamani

Ngokuphindaphindiweyo, amaqhawe Idabi eMoscow kwawona lo hlaselo amatanki kunye nomkhosi, zagutyungelwa lugwayimbo moya kunye Ukuvutha zokudubula. Ekupheleni November, amaqela ngokungenalusini karhulumente ndachwechwa kufutshane kangangoko kunokwenzeka elikomkhulu. Wamthimba Krasnaya Polyana, apho waqalisa bechuba isixeko. UHitler yaba bubuxoki intshukumo ebalulekileyo.

Noko ke, ngoDisemba 5, oko aphawula ukuqala yiSoviet counter uxambuliswano kwi Idabi eMoscow. AmaJamani antywiliselwe zabo ngematshi kwiinyanga-elide, yaye ekugqibeleni aqala ukwehla. amajoni Abafileyo-ediniwe emkhenkceni ekufeni okanye kwiNgxowa amasoldati Red Army. Emva kweeveki ezimbalwa, le Wehrmacht aqhutyelwe amashumi leekhilomitha. Imihla kanye imfazwe wabashiya ngasemva. Kunyaka olandelayo babesilwa enzima, kodwa imoto waseJamani sele akuphumelelanga. Ukuqala i-Battle of eMoscow kwakungekho zimpawu ndingungantweni.

Amagama ezinye amaqhawe kwembambano zibe yinxalenye yembali. Zezi:

• Zoe Kosmodemyanskaya;
• Timoti Lavrischev;
• Victor Talalikhin;
• 28 Amaqhawe Panfilov, ephethwe yi VG Butman nabanye.

Olu loyiso butho eSoviet (kunye Idabi Stalingrad) zaguquka kwesesibini kwiMfazwe yeHlabathi.