Hematuria - ntoni na? Izinto ezibangela hematuria

Inkqubo excretory yomntu uyiphendula isifo nganye emzimbeni, njengoko ubuthi zebhayoloji nemichiza ngokuqhelekileyo kwazona yi nezintso. Le nkqubo yezifo yenzelwe ngqo kwi kidney, kunokwandisa permeability lweenwebu glomerulus ngenxa kwesi ukuvuza egazi. Yimeko esibonakaliswa bubukho iiseli ezibomvu zegazi umchamo kuthiwa hematuria. Yintoni na? Yintoni ebangela le meko? Yintoni unyango efunekayo? Ezi kunye nezinye mibuzo kuxoxwe ngazo kweli nqaku.

Iindidi haematuria

Ngokusekelwe ezibangela, haematuria (iimpawu zesifo zichazwe ngezantsi) wohlulwe:

• extrarenal sinxulumana yokwenzakala okanye isifo sezintso;
• kakuhle kwezintso, kusenzeka ngenxa zokugula sezintso;
• postrenal ukuba kwenzeka xa ubethwe yi womchamo nokuba sesinye.

Ukuba ifumaneka umchamo ye isixa esikhulu ngokwaneleyo igazi nomchamo uba obomvu kakhulu, ngoko kukho makrgematuriya.

Ukuba iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezisegumbini umchamo kwi imali encinane umchamo kunye nombala uhlala efanayo, uthetha hematuria ngemikroskopu.

Ngokusekelwe isibakala apho of langoku umchamo izabelo igazi ene hematuria lokuqala (in batch 1), iyonke (zontathu izahlulo), isiphelo (kwinxenye yokugqibela). Osahluleyo kwenza kube lula ukufumanisa oko inqanaba kwenkqubo wokuchama iphuhlise inkqubo yezifo: ngokoyiswa kulapha ngentla, i kamva umchamo kuvela iiseli ezibomvu.

Xa bodwa wokuchama syndrome amaninzi zidityaniswa proteinuria kunye hematuria. Proteinuria - yimeko apho luphawulwa iiprothini yokuchama. Imali eyonyukileyo iiprothini umchamo uphawu yeyona ixhaphakileyo ukuphazamiseka yomchamo.

haematuria syndrome

Le ngezifo kungenziwa sikhatshwe intlungu urethra kwaye isinye ngexesha ukuchama, okanye ngaphambi kokuba oku kwenzeke. Maxa wambi intlungu ekuthethwa isigxina ingapheli.

Intlungu kummandla empontshwa, ecaleni, ngaphantsi igxalaba kusenokubonisa ukudumba kidney, kwentlungu, Nephroptosis (kidney ptosis).

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ukopha iimpawu hematuria iyonke kulo mzekelo - isiyezi, ubuthathaka, unxano, ukuba nesiyezi.

Onokumelana esantini, concretions, urolithiasis ebonisa. Kwimeko zokwabiwa iisilinda (egazi side) i umbala omthubi okanye mdaka sithethe sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi (ukudumba okanye izinto ezibuhlungu) parenchyma kwezintso.

Ulusu yellow, shades ezibuhlazarha kubonisa ukungabikho umsebenzi senyongo, isibindi, hemolysis, ukutshatyalaliswa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi.

Acute okanye engapheliyo ukopha elide kwinkqubo wokuchama, apho kwixesha elifutshane ihlwili legazi elikhulu wabumba overlying komnyango urethra, ekhokelela nakwenzeka lokusula lwesinye. Kwakhona, umchamo output unako kuvalwe i ilitye elikhulu.

Yintoni ebangela le meko?

Ukuba bafumana hematuria, izizathu le nto inokuba nomahluko. Ngokufuthi iphuhlise ngezifo yamathumba, izifo ukudumba, ukwenzakala womchamo, amatye kwizintso, glomerulonephritis, isifo sephepha, isifo sezintso, ukopha iingxaki.

Ngokwesiqhelo, hematuria kunqabile kakhulu. imeko kuthelekiswa ebubonisayo apho hematuria ngemikroskopu kwafunyaniswa - sisifo imifinya glomerular ongaphantsi obhityileyo. Amaninzi, izalamane kwezi zigulane nazo zifumaneka iimeko zesi sifo. Microhematuria ine ubhalo ekwanti kunye nophuhliso ukusilela kwezintso lungenzeki.

Microhematuria kunokwenzeka emva kwemihla elide okanye ukuhamba. Emva kokuba ekumeni emzimbeni erythrocytes yomsebenzi shwaka. Yintoni efanisa uphuhliso isenzeko namhlanje hayi ncam.

hematuria Gross alize lifunyanwe kubantu abasempilweni. Le meko ngokuqhelekileyo ibonisa izibhaxu ye womchamo okanye kidney kwithishyu.

Kutheni kwenzeka hematuria nonrenal? izizathu zale meko ezinxulumene waphula ukuthembakala phecana isifo womchamo. Previous ukuya umonakalo ithumba, izilonda ukudumba okanye ukwenzakala, soloko ilandelwa yi zizilonda. ukubunjwa ilitye Hematuria isinyi, okanye ngenxa elingaphesheya ureters ilitye, urethra, isinye. libanda Anticoagulant ingadala ukopha na isifo ye womchamo.

hematuria sezintso iphuhlise ngenxa yeenkqubo etshabalalisayo emzimbeni zezintso, ukuphazamiseka ze nencindi lwemithambo kunye vasculitis necrotizing. Glomerular immunoinflammatory hematuria yanxulunyaniswa nomonakalo ongaphantsi inwebu glomerular okanye ukungaqheleki bekhubazekile. Ukongeza, hematuria sezintso ihlasela izilonda ukudumba kwaye linetyhefu of tubules. Pathology nako ukuphuhlisa ngenxa eyomeleziweyo coagulation sezintso intravascular.

Ngoko ke, hematuria - yintoni na kwaye ngenxa yoko okhula? Loo imeko isenokuvela ngenxa ngezifo of kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kwenkqubo womchamo.

yesinye:

• somdlavuza wendlala.
• Yesinye ukudumba (prostatitis).
• hyperplasia ebubonisayo prostatic.

Urethra:

• umzimba Foreign kule urethra.
• Trauma urethra.
• Ithumba urethra. Zomhlaza ye urethra lunqabile kwaye kudla kunye urethrorrhagia - imbonakalo igazi ukusuka urethra phakathi ukuchama.
• Ukudumba urethra (urethritis).

Upper womchamo:

• amanxeba gaze, ukuphatheka luhlaza.
• Kidney amatye. Ngokufuthi unobangela hematuria izenzo urolithiasis. Xa papilla kwakhiwa Ityuwa kwezintso, kwaze oko kwakhokelela kwinkqubo yemibhobho ehambisa kwasekwa amatye zezintso. Kidney amatye akuthethi ukuzibonakalisa, kodwa eku- okanye ukudumba inwebu kwiinwebu womchamo kukho igazi nomchamo.
• Kidney ithumba. Umqondiso ezothusayo umhlaza kwezintso ligazi amahlwili umbungu-ezifana kwi yokuchama. Igazi ukuze babonakale ngenxa yamathumba ebubonisayo.
• Gciwane.
• ukungaqheleki iziphene (cysts izintso).
• ukuphazamiseka ukopha (kubazali bakhe, irhengqe cell anemia, leukemia).
• thrombosis umthambo kwezintso, Embolism sezintso.
• isifo sezintso: glomerulonephritis (kulo mzekelo, igazi umchamo kungabonwa kuphela ngemicroscope), pyelonephritis (nalo eli gazi ngokugula umchamo aziyi ikhatshwe ukuhlaselwa iintlungu, kodwa ngakumbi kwesi sifo luphawulwa ifiva, iqolo, mhlawumbi ityhefu igazi).

ureter:

• Ukwenzakala.
• Ukunyuka usulelo.
• rock uluhlu lo ureter.
• isifo ithumba Ureteral.

Lower womchamo:

• Usulelo: Ngokuzimela ukopha (ukugula kakhulu, nto leyo luphawulwa uyopha ukusuka esinyini), schistosomiasis (isinye lichatshazelwe ziintshulube olwaye lwamfimfitha), isinye isifo sephepha.
• Ukwenzakala lwesinye.
• Urolithiasis.
• Lwesinye Ithumba (kubaluleke gqitha ukuqaphela ukubonakala hematuria yalula, kuya kunika ithuba lokuba ukufumanisa isifo kusekwangoko kwaye baphathwe ngempumelelo).
• Zokukhanya lwesinye.
• Loo medicament, njengoko "Cyclophosphamide", esetyenziswa ukunyanga umhlaza, kungakhokelela ekubeni imbonakalo umchamo kwegazi.

ekuxilongweni

Ngaphezu siye saxubusha iimpawu noonobangela iziganeko ezifana hematuria, iyaziwa kuthi. Ngoku makhe sixubushe iindlela loxilongo yale ngezifo. Ukuze atyhile hematuria, umchamo kufuneka ukuba aqhube isifundo elabhoratri. Qaphela ukuba umbala umchamo akuthethi ibonisa ubukho igazi. Umchamo abe pink elimdaka okanye nombala ukukhanya obomvu ngenxa kokusetyenziswa kwemveliso ethile.

Study on indlela Nechiporenko

kusasa umchamo lokuqala lwaqokelelwa (150 ml). Phambi ukuqokelela inkqubo compulsorily tirhisa kusasa yangasese eveze. Imigqomo ngenxa yokuqokelelwa kufuneka abawaziyo. Ukuya yilebhu izinto siphande iiyure ezi-2.

Ukufunda umthamo umchamo ngemihla

Umchamo isampuli uqale ukuqokelela ukusuka Ukuchama yesibini kusasa entanjeni Ngengomso ukuchama kusasa lokuqala. Phakathi ngenye imini umchamo baqokelelwa kwisingxobo olunye, ekubeni lo mqulu esisigxina, ugalelwe kakuhle yaye inxalenye (150 ml) ulahlelwa kwisingxobo esahlukileyo. Xa inkqubo yokuqokelela umchamo kufuneka bagcine nococeko. Ukuze alondoloze ngcono umbandela, ukubola ezizodwa ezisetyenziswayo.

iindlela ezongezelelweyo zophando

Kwakhona athwale intlenge microscopy ukufumanisa inani iiseli ezibomvu zegazi kwinkalo umbono. Afumanise okokuba ingaba tubules nqa ke glomeruli, kunokwenzeka esebenzisa kwesigaba nshita microscopy umchamo yodaka.

diagnosis umahluko ibandakanya ultrasound zangasese, nezintso, cystoscopy biopsy ekstretornoy urography, renografii retrograde, sezintso izifundo biopsy namasende kunye yesinye, umchamo inkcubeko kwi eliphakathi lwezondlo (nokuzimisela kwegciwane), Itomography ikhompyutha kunye x-reyi (efumanise umzimba angaphandle).

Hematuria: unyango lwesifo

Hematuria - sisphumo, ngoko ke unyango le meko kufuneka yenziwe kunye nonyango lwe sifo ngxabano.

Kuba iziyobisi isiqabu kusetyenziswa ukopha "Vikasol", "Dicynonum", aminocaproic acid, umxube calcium chloride-10%. Ukuba ukopha kune 500 ml, ukuba nizalise umthamo wegazi kudingeke siqhuba unyango ukumnika.

Ukuba ureter okanye urethra wafumanisa calculus, amisele ukusetyenziswa antispasmodics kunye neenkqubo thermal eziya kube lula expectoration yayo. Ukuba ngokuzimela ukushiya ilitye ayikwazi kwenziwa nophando nezokukhupha cystoscopic.

Ngenxa yokulimala nokopha wezintso kwaye hematomas benza utyando eziyimfuneko ngexesha likaxakeka.

Kwimeko indibanisela proteinuria kunye haematuria wamisa corticosteroids.

Ukuba unesifo hematuria ezingapheliyo, unyango lubandakanya ukusetyenziswa zentsimbi kunye neevithamini kwiqela B.

Ukuba angahlangani umntwana

Hematuria kubantwana amaninzi unxulunyaniswa izitshanguba le parenchyma kwezintso. Ebuntwaneni, kungekudala emva kokuzalwa, iziphene yokuzalwa azibonakalisa: .. Ukubakho cysts, kidney imfunxa, njl Uviwo lokuthintela komntwana kufuneka iquke urinalysis.

yokopha sezintso ezingapheliyo umntwana kuxhokonxwa isifo sephepha, ophuma ngamandla kwabantwana abancinane. Ngenxa izifo genetic kwenkqubo coagulation igazi kwegazi kwenzeka hematuria ezininzi, kulo mzekelo, zikhatshwa telangiectasia kunye hematoma. Umntwana unakho zingonzakala ekwindla. Ukuba hematuria ekhoyo emizalwaneni igazi ngaphandle kokuqhatha impilo usana ngaphandle ingozi hematuria kwiintsapho, sinxulumana onjalo Uphawu mkhuba isakhiwo sezintso.

Abazali kufuneka ulumke kakhulu. ukukhathalela umntwana kufuneka yaziswe kubo, ngoko ngazo iintlungu. Kufuneka kwakhona sinikele ingqalelo ubushushu bomzimba kunye nokugcinwa womchamo.

Hematuria yabantwana ingabangelwa usuleleko streptococcal, ethi ichaphazele parenchyma kwezintso. igciwane lohlobo lwe iphecana eliphezulu wokuphefumla ivuselele IgA-nephropathy. Amaninzi, le ngezifo na ingozi kwaye lungenzeki uphuhliso ukusilela ezingapheliyo kwezintso. indlela esibulalayo isifo lubonakala ngokwanda uxinzelelo lwegazi, proteinuria, hematuria gross.

Hematuria ekukhulelweni

Amaninzi, hematuria kwabasetyhini ngexesha ngokuzala kwenzeka ngo-2-3 ezintathu. Isiqhamo ekukhuliseni, le ureters acofiweyo isibeleko - oku kunempembelelo elibi function kwezintso. Iziphumo kokoma umchamo kwi isinqe isenokuba ukuyilwa amatye, leyo kungonakalisa epithelium kwaye ingadala ukopha. Amathuba yokuphuhlisa ukunyuka hematuria kakhulu ukuba abasetyhini abakhulelweyo bayahlupheka ukusuka ukudumba izintso okanye ufumene ukusilela ezinganyangekiyo kwezintso. Kubalulekile ukuba xanisa zesibeleko ukopha kunye opha womchamo. Ukususela Kwimeko yokuqala lengozi kumama engekazalwa. Ngoxa ethwele umntwana iyazingenela inkqubo coagulation igazi kunye nokulungiswa yayo babelwa ukuba afumane ucwangciso olukhethekileyo. Hematuria e abasetyhini ngexesha lokukhulelwa ezinokubangelwa anticoagulants ngokuthatha, kwaye kubamba ukopha, oko kwanele ukuyivusa.

isiphelo

isifo yomchamo engekho unyango ngokwaneleyo angadala umhlaza, izifo ezahlukeneyo ukudumba, iingxaki ezininzi. Kwezinye iimeko, uphawu kuphela sifo kwenkqubo wokuchama yi hematuria. Yintoni na, wena ozifunde kweli nqaku. Musa ukushiya ngaphandle ingqalelo le nto, kwaye xa ibanjiwe nangoko qhagamshelana nogqirha. Kuphela indlela ugcine impilo yakho, kwaye kwezinye iimeko ebomini. Thatha nokuzikhathalela wena!