BPH - yintoni na? Iimpawu, unyango lwe-benign prostatic hyperplasia

Xa amayeza izifinyezo wayedla mihla, akucaci umntu avareji ngaphandle nobusi. imfundo. Omnye izifinyezo impenduka - BPH. Yintoni na? Ukuthetha ulwimi oogqirha, nto - nabungozi prostatic hyperplasia. Kodwa abantu bathi kube lula - BPH (uhlobo oluthile "adenoma prostate gland"). BPH nto basoloko bexakaniseka nezifo ezifana prostatitis. BPH - ingozi, kwaye ukhula ngaphandle inxaxheba icandelo stromal ye endlaleni (ngamanye amazwi - epithelium glandular), kunye prostatitis - ukuba omnye, njengoko kukukrala le ndlala wendlala. Akufuneki wayithobayo.

BPH. Yintoni na? izibalo

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, BPH - ithumba elihle. Ukuba kwayo endlaleni (basisishunqulelo ukuba uninzi prostate) kwasekwa maqhuqhuva ezincinane kunye ukwandisa urethra ngokuya cutha.

Ngenxa yoko, amadoda kuvela iingxaki ukuchama. Esi sifo ukukhula ingozi, yaye oku koko umahluko hyperplasia elihle prostatic ngumhlaza.

BPH - sesinye sezifo ixhaphakileyo nomchamo namhlanje. Ngokutsho manani, livela phantse 80 ekhulwini abantu ebudaleni. Ngowe-20 ekhulwini iimeko, kunokuba BPH prostate yoma okanye ukwanda.

isifo BPH kaninzi kwenzeka kumadoda kweminyaka engama-45 ubudala.

Ngaphezu kwesiqingatha amadoda ekujikeni 40 ukuya 50 nonyaka--endala oyingcali nesi sifo, kwaye kuphela kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, esi sifo yogqithe abaselula.

Izinto ezibangela BPH

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, oonobangela ngqo wendlala BPH ayikwazi ukuba kuboniswe, njengoko nje kufundwe ngokupheleleyo. Kukholelwa ukuba esi sifo yenye iimpawu ukuya exesheni emadodeni.

Imiba yomngcipheko kuphela umgangatho androgens egazini kunye nobudala mntu.

Ngokuqhelekileyo ubudala namadoda ngcembe ukungalingani phakathi estrogen kunye androgen, abangele ukuphazamiseka kwendlela yolawulo nokukhula umsebenzi iiseli zomhlaza.

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba phakathi BPH kunye prostate umsebenzi ngokwesondo yabantu, uhlenga, nobukhoboka, neegcushuwa kunye ukudumba adluliselwe ZPO akukho xhulumaniso, yaye akukho nanye kwezi zingasentla ayichaphazeli imbonakalo sifo.

Pathogenesis

BPH prostate kudla livela umbindi nto, kodwa maxa wambi sifake kunye isithinzi lateral. Growth ebubonisayo hyperplasia adenomatous lixhomekeke ayanda (ithumba) namadlala paraurethral. Ngenxa yoko eyakhe inyama incum asuswa ngaphandle, kwaye kwasekwa ehlabathini adenoma olukhulayo ngathi philisi kulo.

Hyperplastic (tumor ngamanye elosulelekileyo) iiseli prostate inyama kwakhona luye lukhule kwicala isikali kunye isinyi, kwaye oku unobangela ukubana phezulu emngxunyeni engaphakathi lwesinyi kululwa inxalenye elingasemva urethra.

Kukho iindlela eziliqela hyperplasia uhlobo lokukhula nganye:

• Podpuzyrnaya uhlobo BPH. Yintoni na? Kulo sifo, nethumba ikhula ukuya isikali.
• uhlobo Intravesical of BPH. Imbali esi sifo sizibonakalisa luhlumo nethumba ukuya lwesinye.
• Retrotrigonalnaya uhlobo BPH. Ithumba kule meko ibekwe ngqo olusezantsi loo nxantathu kwisinyi yabantu.

Lidla iintlobo ezininzi BPH bunokubonwa umntu omnye ngexesha. Oku kwenzeka xa thumba ikhula kumacala eziliqela ngaxeshanye.

Iimpawu BPH

Iimpawu zesi sifo baxhomekeke ngqo kwi lethu ithumba, ukususela ekukhuleni kwayo nobukhulu, kwakunye iqondo kwekhono lwesinye.

BPH prostate lungahlulwa-hlulwa zibe ngamanqanaba amathathu:

• Ingahlawulwa, okanye isigaba sokuqala. Olu hlobo esi sifo wabonakalaliswa ulibaziseko ekuqaleni ukuchama (umnqweno rhoqo mpela, ingakumbi ebusuku - isihloko Related). Xa BPH 1 isidanga prostate ukunyuka ngobukhulu, iye plotnoelasticheskuyu guquki. imida zawo esicaciswe ngokucacileyo, kwaye Ngokucofa ngokubanzi endlaleni (kunye ifolo yayo median) elula. Kweli nqanaba lesi sifo esinyini wokuchama waziqongqotha ngakumbi ngokupheleleyo, yaye akukho umchamo intsalela. BPH 1 degree unokuthatha ukusuka kwelinye ukuya kwemithathu.
• Subcompensated okanye isigaba sesibini. Njengoko Ithumba kuya kuba licudisa lo urethra kwaye esinyini akusekho unako ukusebenza kakuhle nangokupheleleyo qongqololo (nodonga yalo izokhula). Ngenxa BPH 2 kwiqondo umchamo eyintsalela ubonakala, ngenxa kuyo isigulane uziva yokulahla engaphelelanga lwesinye. Ngenxa ucinezelo le urethra, izigulane ukuchama xa iinxenye ezincinane, yaye emva kwethutyana umchamo wenza ngokungazi uqalisa ukuba ume ngaphandle (isizathu soku esinyini ngokupheleleyo). BPH degrees 2 maxa wambi ephelekwa iimpawu ukusilela ezingapheliyo kwezintso (ikhula ngomongo walo).
• Isifuba okanye Isigaba sesithathu. Lwesinye ololulele ngamandla ngenxa umchamo eyintsalela, urethra kusekho zixinaniswe kunye nomchamo kwiwebhsayithi ngokoqobo dropwise, maxa wambi ugalelwe igazi. Kweli BPH okwangoku ibandakanya ukusilela kwezintso (insufficiency sezintso). Kukho kwakhona bubuthathaka, severe ukwehla kobunzima, imnyama, ukuqhina, ianemia, umlomo owomileyo.

lokufunyaniswa kwesifo

Isiseko uxilongo kukho izikhalazo ezithile ngabafazi, kuba apho amanqaku ezizodwa isikali BPH uphawu (e IsiNgesi. I-PSS). Ngokusisiseko, uxilongo BPH senziwa emva kuxilonga yomguli, kunye zindlela uphando:

1. Ngokucofa (umnwe) zoviwo efakwa ye ingaba wendlala. Ngenxa kuye, oogqirha sinengcamango yokuba ubungakanani bomsebenzi endlaleni, lobukho nameva phakathi izabelo zayo, kwakunye iqondo ngemfesane ukuze Ngokucofa.
2. izifundo Laboratory BPH. Yintoni na? Okokuqala, lo ngowona urinalysis eziqhelekileyo. Kwakhona, uhlalutyo zengqo- igazi lihanjiswa kulo apho ukujonga amanqanaba PSA (omela prostate iantigens ethile).
3. iindlela Instrumental. Amaninzi oko cystoscopy kunye ureteroscopy. Ngoncedo lwabo, ungakwazi ukukhangela patency of the urethra, isabelo imeko endlaleni kunye isinye nentamo. Ukusebenzisa ezi nkqubo kusenokwenzeka ukuba ukuqinisekisa isixa umchamo intsalela.
4. loviwo ultrasound. Kwakhona enye iintlobo iindlela negalelo, uvumela ukubona ubungakanani isabelo ngamnye endlaleni, ubume balo (ubukho amatye, maqhuqhuva). Ngaphandle eqhelekileyo ultrasound TRUs esetyenzisiweyo (transrectal).
5. iindlela X-ray. urography excretory (kunye umahluko) kunye ray plain (ngaphandle koko) kunokunceda ukufumanisa ubukho iingxaki BPH ogama unyango lwaqalwa. Ngoncedo lwe-X ray amatye esinyini kunye nezintso.

unyango BPH

Okwangoku, zininzi iindlela ukunyanga izifo, nganye kakuhle kakhulu kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo BPH. Unyango lwesi sifo nokuba uwahlule ube zahlulo zithathu:

• indlela Medical zonyango
• unyango operative
• Okunye unyango non-zokusebenza

unyango ngamachiza idla isicelo kwimiqondiso yokuqala BPH.

Kumanqanaba okuqala onyango BPH prostate ijolise ekunciphiseni izinga lokukhula prostate izihlunu hyperplastic, ukuphuculwa kwegazi amalungu ezikufutshane, ukunciphisa ukudumba wesinye esinyini umchamo ekupheliseni yokunqaphela, ukuphelisa ukuqhina, ngokuququzelela ukuchama.

Ukongeza ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi isigulane Kucetyiswa ukuba balandele yokuphila yeselula, uyeke utshwala eziyingozi (kutyetyiswa kakhulu, okuneziqholo, okuneziqholo) ukutya, ukutshaya.

Kufuneka kwakhona ukunciphisa inani fluid kwisiqingatha sesibini sale mini, ngokukodwa phambi lokulala.

Phambi iimpawu zonyango kunye kwilebhu androgen intswelo kwakhona ilawulwa unyango androgen replacement.

Amaninzi ngaxeshanye kunye yonyango hyperplasia na unyango yeengxaki zayo - Ngokuzimela, prostatitis kunye pyelonephritis.

Ngamanye amaxesha (abemi ngasemva emzimbeni okanye utywala), isigulane lisenokuba ukugcinwa oyingozi womchamo. Kulo mzekelo, isigulane kufuneka esibhedlele ngoko nangoko kwaye enze isinye catheterization.

Makhe sihlolisise uhlobo ngalunye unyango.

amayeza

Kwiimeko ezininzi, iintlobo ezimbini imithi zisetyenziselwa ngokuphatha BPH:

• Alpha-1-adrenergic blocker (umz, tamsulosin, doxazosin okanye terazosin). isenzo sabo ijolise ukuphumla zihlunu kakuhle wesinye isinyi entanyeni, nto leyo ekhokelela ukuba uququzelelo lokudlula ngumchamo. La machiza kuyoluka okanye elifutshane.
• Inhibitor (blocker) we-5-Alpha-reductase (permikson, finasteride okanye dutasteride). La machiza musa ukuvumela dihydrotestosterone (uhlobo eziphilayo esebenzayo of testosterone) kwasekwa umzimba umguli, ngaloo ndlela ukunciphisa le ndlala wendlala.

unyango operative

Kwiimeko kakhulu, iyeza elinye ayikwazi ukukwenza, yaye, njengoko umgaqo, kufuneka ukubhenela uqhaqho. Lo isenokuba ijwabu Ukusikwa hyperplastic (prostatectomy) okanye resection elipheleleyo endlaleni (prostatectomy).

Kukho iindidi ezimbini kotyando:

• utyando Vula (transvezikalnaya prostatectomy). Xa loo ukufikelela yokungenelela kwezihlunu incum zathengwa lwesinye. Olu hlobo the ebuhlungu, kwaye isicelo kuphela kwiimeko phambili. utyando Vula inika unyango ngokupheleleyo BPH.
• Kancinane ukuhlinza (apho kukho cishe akukho ungenelelo ngotyando). Wenziwe ngoncedo lobugcisa yevidiyo mbhobho mihla, ngaphandle imbobo. Ukufikelela endlaleni ngokusebenzisa urethra.

Kukho olunye uhlobo lotyando ukuba ayikwazi azinakufaniswa ngasentla. imithambo Embolization prostate - umsebenzi oluqhutywa endovascular uqhaqho (wathwala urologists ngasentla) kwaye kwemithambo yegazi Prostate amasuntswana amancinci Polymer ezikhethekileyo zonyango (nge kwemithambo femoral). Esibhedlela asifuneki, umsebenzi lwenziwa phantsi zomzimba zasekuhlaleni kwaye esibuhlungu.

Emva naluphi na uhlobo lotyando, kukho ingozi encinci iingxaki, ezifana umzekelo ngumchamo wokuchama, namandla, okanye urethral stricture.

unyango Non-zokusebenza

iindlela ziquka non-nezokusebenza unyango zimi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

- cryosurgery;

- transurethral inaliti ablation;

- unyango ngamandla ephakamileyo egxile ultrasound;

- indlela unyango oven thermal wendlala okanye coagulation;

- ukusungulwa stents prostatic ukuvala kwingingqi;

- ibhaloni dilatation ze endlaleni.

Ithuba postoperative

Awu, kufuneka nje uqhaqho kwezinye izigaba sifo. BPH - kokugula kakhulu, yaye emva kotyando kufuneka balandele imithetho ukuphelisa esi sifo kwaye hayi ukuba bamqumbise ukuphinda-kokuhluma. Le ezintathu iingongoma ukuba kufuneka sigcine imisebenzi zilandelayo - lokudla echanekileyo, indlela yokuphila esempilweni kunye notyelelo rhoqo kwagqirha.

yokudla kwixesha postoperative kubalulekile ukuba umguli, kuba oko kungenza igalelo elibonakalayo kwi ibuyambo ekhawulezileyo. Diet emva kotyando akubikho ukudla okunamafutha, nobulawu, ukutya ezinetyuwa kunye okuneziqholo, kwaye, kakade, utywala. Kuyanconywa ukuba badle ephantsi-fat ukudla okune nefayibha.

Njengokuba lo msebenzi, ukuba umsebenzi wakho akuthethi umthwalo rhoqo emzimbeni, ngoko ubuyele emsebenzini kunokuba iiveki emva kotyando. Xa umzimba umsebenzi zonke isiqingatha seyure-ashushu-up kucetyiswa. A umzimba nga negalelo ekuma negazi amalungu, ebangela ukugula mandundu kuphela. Iintsuku zokuqala ezimbalwa emva kotyando musa nokuba ucinge nokuphakamisa ubunzima!

Kuphephe ukutshaya ubuncinane ngexesha postoperative (iiveki ezimbini emva kotyando), ukuba awukwazi kuyeka ngokupheleleyo likhoboka lazo. Wenicotine kuchaphazela imithambo yegazi, yaye oku kuchaphazela ukujikeleza yesinye, apho inkqubo ukudumba zingenzeka.

Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba emva kokuba ukususwa BPH kufuneka silibale ngayo ubomi babantu bokwabelana ngesondo. Le mbono nto bayikholelwayo, yaye umsebenzi ngokwesondo oyindoda kwakhona ngokupheleleyo emva kwexesha elithile. Nakuba kunjalo, kufanele qhubeka ngokwesini kwiiveki ngaphambi kwe-4 emva kotyando.

Enye iqhekeza iingcebiso, leyo kubalulekile ukunikela ingqalelo: ukufumana emva ivili le moto kuba ngaphambi ngaphezu kwenyanga enye emva kokuba ukususwa BPH.

Ngokubanzi, ixesha post-operative ithatha malunga nyanga, emva koko isigulane kunokufuneka ukuba abuyele kubomi oqhelekileyo. Noko ke, iingcali Siyaleza ngamandla ubomi obusempilweni ukuthintela kwakhona kokuhluma kwesi sifo.

Echama emva kotyando

Phantse nangoko emva umlambo operation umchamo iba namandla kwaye kulula yokulahla lwesinye. Emva ukususwa catheter zingenzeka ngelixa buhlungu xa uchama, isizathu soku - esi sicatshulwa umchamo ngenxeba yotyando.

Iingcali musa ngaphandle kukuvela ngumchamo wokuchama okanye Ukuchama engxamisekileyo ngethuba postoperative, la ngokuphelele eqhelekileyo. Luqine wena ukhathazwa iimpawu ngexesha isigulo, liba lide ithuba uchache. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, zonke iingxaki izakulahleka kwaye uya kubuyela isingqisho eqhelekileyo yobomi.

ixesha elithile emva kokuba ungenelelo kwi umchamo inokuba egazi. Le meko inxulunyaniswa ukuphilisa nxeba. Kuyanconywa ukuba basele amanzi kangangoko ukususa kakuhle isinye. Kodwa ukopha enzima nangoko kufuneka ubone yincutshe.

uqikelelo

ukugcinwa Continuous wokuchama (ukuba unyango lwe BPH ayenziwanga lwenziwa), ekugqibeleni kunokubangela amatye zezintso, apho akhiwa amatye isinyi, nosuleleko kamva. Obona bunzima kakhulu ukuba ukulindela ukuba isigulana ngaphandle unyango olufanelekileyo - pyelonephritis. Esi sifo ngakumbi aggravates ukusilela kwezintso.

Ukongeza, prostate adenoma zinokubangela ukuba esinganyangekiyo - umhlaza wendlala.

Iingqikelelo nokuphathwa olwaneleyo ngexesha esi sifo intle kakhulu.

Yokuthintela isigulo

Uthintelo kakuhle BPH - a kweliso rhoqo yi yingcali kunye nonyango ngexesha prostatitis.

Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuba ndandazile (ukunciphisa isixa eqhotsiweyo, ukutya ezinetyuwa, kwaye okuneziqholo, okuneziqholo ndatshaya), ukuyeka ukutshaya kunye notywala. Ngokubanzi, ubomi obusempilweni kunciphisa kakhulu ubungozi BPH.

Ngoko ke, ngoku uyazi into BPH. Iimpawu zesi sifo, unyango, ixesha postoperative kunye nothintelo ichazwe ngokwenkcukacha ngasentla.

Nakowuphi na umzekelo, oku lwazi luya kuba luncedo. Hlala uphilile!